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ASTM C1567-07

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a means for evaluating the ability of pozzolans and ground granulated blast-furnace slag to control deleterious internal expansion due to alkali-silica reaction when used with an aggregate intended for use in concrete. It is based on the Accelerated Test Method developed at the National Building Research Institute (NBRI) in the Republic of South Africa (1-4).3  
Results obtained using this test method may overestimate the reactivity of some types of aggregates if used in service with the same pozzolans or slag and hydraulic cement of low alkali content.
Different levels of pozzolan and ground granulated blast-furnace slag may require testing to determine the amount required to reduce expansion to an acceptable level. Pozzolans and ground granulated blast-furnace slag may be tested separately or in combination.
It is recommended to test the same aggregate and hydraulic cement (without pozzolans and slag) using Test Method C 1260.
This test method may underestimate the expansion of cementitious systems containing pozzolans with an alkali content > 4.0 % sodium oxide equivalent (7-9). It is recommended that such materials be tested using Test Method C 1293.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method permits detection within 16 days of the potential for deleterious alkali-silica reaction of combinations of cementitious materials and aggregate in mortar bars. The cementitious materials are composed of various proportions of hydraulic cement, pozzolans and ground granulated blast-furnace slag.
1.2 The test results are only valid for the specific combinations of pozzolan, slag, and reactive aggregates tested.
1.3 This test is not suitable for evaluating the potential for deleterious reaction of combinations of hydraulic cement and aggregate (that is, in the absence of pozzolans or ground granulated blast-furnace slag).
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in the section on Reagents.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jul-2007
ICS
91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
Technical Committee
C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C1567-04 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Replaced By
ASTM C1567-08 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2008
Referred By
ASTM C1709-22 - Standard Guide for Evaluation of Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials (ASCM) for Use in Concrete
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1866/C1866M-22 - Standard Specification for Ground-Glass Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1567-23 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM C1778-22 - Standard Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007

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ASTM C1567-07 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)ASTM C1567-07 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)
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ASTM C1567-07 - Standard Test Method for Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate (Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:C1567–07
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of
Combinations of Cementitious Materials and Aggregate
1
(Accelerated Mortar-Bar Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1567; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
C 151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic
1.1 This test method permits detection within 16 days of the
Cement
potential for deleterious alkali-silica reaction of combinations
C 305 PracticeforMechanicalMixingofHydraulicCement
of cementitious materials and aggregate in mortar bars. The
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
cementitious materials are composed of various proportions of
C 490 Practice for Use of Apparatus for the Determination
hydraulic cement, pozzolans and ground granulated blast-
of Length Change of Hardened Cement Paste, Mortar, and
furnace slag.
Concrete
1.2 The test results are only valid for the specific combina-
C 494/C 494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
tions of pozzolan, slag, and reactive aggregates tested.
Concrete
1.3 This test is not suitable for evaluating the potential for
C511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
deleterious reaction of combinations of hydraulic cement and
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
aggregate (that is, in the absence of pozzolans or ground
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
granulated blast-furnace slag).
C 618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
standard.
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C 989 Specification for Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Slag for Use in Concrete and Mortars
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
C 1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precau-
Mixtures
tionary statement is given in the section on Reagents.
C 1260 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of
2. Referenced Documents Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method)
2
C 1293 Test Method for Determination of Length Change
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction
C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
C 1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement Mortar
Hydraulic Cement Mortars(Using 2-in. or [50-mm] Cube
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Specimens)
E11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
Purposes
Aggregates
C 127 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
3. Terminology
Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
3.1 Definitions:
C 128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to concrete or aggre-
Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
gates, see Terminology C 125.
3.2 relative density (OD), n—as defined in Test Methods
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
C 127 or C 128, for coarse and fine aggregates, respectively.
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
C09.26 on Chemical Reactions.
4. Significance and Use
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C 1567 – 04.
4.1 This test method provides a means for evaluating the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ability of pozzolans and ground granulated blast-furnace slag
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
to control deleterious internal expansion due to alkali-silica
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1567–07
reaction when used with an aggregate intended for use in 6. Reagents
concrete. It is based on theAcceleratedTest Method developed
6.1 Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)—USP or technical grade
+ -
at the National Building Research Institute (NBRI) in the
may be used, provided the Na and OH concen
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Alkali-silica reaction is a chemical interaction between some siliceous constituents of concrete aggregates and hydroxyl ions (1).5 The concentration of hydroxyl ion within the concrete is predominantly controlled by the concentration of sodium and potassium (2).  
4.2 This test method is intended to evaluate the potential of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with pozzolan or slag to expand deleteriously due to any form of alkali-silica reactivity (3, 4).  
4.3 If testing an aggregate with pozzolan or slag, the results are used to establish minimum amounts of the specific pozzolan or slag needed to prevent deleterious expansion. Pozzolan or slag from a specific source can be tested individually or in combination with pozzolan or slag from other sources.  
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4.5 This test method is intended for evaluating the behavior of aggregates portland cement in concrete with an alkali (alkali metal oxide) content of 5.25 kg/m3 [8.85 lb/yd3] or in concrete containing pozzolan or slag with an alkali content proportionally reduced from 5.25 kg/m3 [8.85 lb/yd3] Na2O equivalent by the amount of pozzolan or slag replacing portland cement. This test method assesses the potential for deleterious expansion of concrete caused by alkali-silica reaction, of either coarse or fine aggregates, from tests performed under prescribed laboratory curing conditions that will probably differ from field conditions. Thus, actual field performance will not be duplicated due to differences in concrete alkali content, wetting and drying, temperature, other factors, or combinations of these (5).  
4.6 Results of tests conducted on an aggregate as described herein should form a part of the basis for a decision as ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the susceptibility of an aggregate or combination of an aggregate with pozzolan or slag for participation in expansive alkali-silica reaction by measurement of length change of concrete prisms.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C617/C617M-23(Practice)
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This practice describes procedures for providing plane surfaces on the ends of freshly molded concrete cylinders, hardened cylinders, or drilled concrete cores when the end surfaces do not conform with the planeness and perpendicularity requirements of applicable standards. Practice C1231/C1231M describes alternative procedures using unbonded caps or pad caps.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers apparatus, materials, and procedures for capping freshly molded concrete cylinders with neat cement and hardened cylinders and drilled concrete cores with high-strength gypsum paste or sulfur mortar.  
1.2 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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ASTM C873/C873M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Concrete Cylinders Cast in Place in Cylindrical Molds

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of strength of cylindrical concrete specimens that have been molded in place using special molds attached to formwork. A concrete cylinder mold assembly consisting of a mold and a tubular support member is fastened within the concrete formwork prior to placement of the concrete. The elevation of the mold upper edge is adjusted to correspond to the plane of the finished slab surface. The mold support prevents direct contact of the slab concrete with the outside of the mold and permits its easy removal from the hardened concrete. Strength of cast-in-place cylinders may be used for various purposes, such as estimating the load-bearing capacity of slabs, determining the time of form and shore removal, and determining the effectiveness of curing and protection. Consolidation of concrete in the mold may be varied to simulate the conditions of placement. Internal vibration of concrete in the mold is prohibited except under special circumstances.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Cast-in-place cylinder strength relates to the strength of concrete in the structure due to the similarity of curing conditions because the cylinder is cured within the slab. However, due to differences in moisture condition, degree of consolidation, specimen size, and length-diameter ratio, there is not a unique relationship between the strength of cast-in-place cylinders and cores of the same age. When cores can be drilled undamaged and tested in the same moisture condition as the cast-in-place cylinders, the strength of the cylinders can be expected to be on average 10 % higher than the cores at ages up to 91 days for specimens of the same size and length-diameter ratio.4  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of strength of cylindrical concrete specimens that have been molded in place using special molds attached to formwork. This test method is limited to use in slabs where the depth of concrete is from 125 mm to 300 mm [5 in. to 12 in.].  
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4.1 Existing practices and test methods for fabricating fresh concrete test specimens are not suited to SCC. This practice provides requirements and procedures for fabricating test specimens with SCC having a slump flow of 500 mm [20 in.] or greater.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for fabricating test specimens in the laboratory or field using a representative sample of fresh self-consolidating concrete (SCC). This practice is applicable to SCC with a nominal maximum aggregate size up to 25 mm [1 in.] and a slump flow of 500 mm [20 in.] or greater. If the slump flow is less than 500 mm [20 in.] follow the fabrication procedures described in the standard for which the test specimen is required.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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SCOPE
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4.1 This practice provides for using an unbonded capping system in testing hardened concrete cylinders made in accordance with Practices C31/C31M or C192/C192M, or cores obtained in accordance with Test Method C42/C42M in lieu of the capping systems described in Practice C617/C617M.  
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SCOPE
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1.2 Unbonded caps are not to be used for acceptance testing of concrete with compressive strength below 10 MPa [1500 psi ] or above 80 MPa [12 000 psi].  
1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Concrete specimens tested with unbonded caps rupture more violently than comparable specimens tested with bonded caps. The safety precautions given in the Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing are recommended.2)  
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Standard Test Method for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in Aggregates

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is of primary significance in determining the acceptability of aggregate with respect to the requirements of Specification C33/C33M.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the approximate determination of clay lumps and friable particles in aggregates.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Sieve sizes openings are identified by their Specification E11 designation with their alternative Specification E11 designation given in parentheses for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C1701/C1701M-17a(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Infiltration Rate of In Place Pervious Concrete

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Tests performed at the same location across a span of years may be used to detect a reduction of infiltration rate of the pervious concrete, thereby identifying the need for remediation.  
5.2 The infiltration rate obtained by this method is valid only for the localized area of the pavement where the test is conducted. To determine the infiltration rate of the entire pervious pavement multiple locations must be tested and the results averaged.  
5.3 The field infiltration rate is typically established by the design engineer of record and is a function of the design precipitation event.  
5.4 This test method does not measure the influence on in-place infiltration rate due to sealing of voids near the bottom of the pervious concrete slab. Visual inspection of concrete cores is the best approach for determining sealing of voids near the bottom of the pervious concrete slab.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the field water infiltration rate of in place pervious concrete.
Note 1: For permeable unit pavement systems, Test Method C1781/C1781M should be used. Test Method C1781/C1781M is functionally identical to this test method but includes added provisions for positioning and securing the test ring to a discontinuous surface. Both tests methods give comparable results  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes that provide explanatory material. These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C173/C173M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.  
4.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.  
4.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.  
4.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken; uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory information. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C138/C138M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete

ABSTRACT
This test method covers determination of the density of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the unit weight, yield or relative yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials. The test method shall use the following apparatuses: balance or scale; tamping rod, which is a round straight steel rod having the tamping end rounded to a hemispherical tip; internal vibrator which may have rigid of flexible shafts, preferably powered by electric motors; measure, which is a cylindrical container made of steel or other suitable metal specified herein; strike-off plate; mallet; and scoop of a size large enough so each amount of concrete obtained from the sampling receptacle is representative and small enough so it is not spilled during placement in the measure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the density (see Note 1) of freshly mixed concrete and gives formulas for calculating the yield, cement content, and air content of the concrete. Yield is defined as the volume of concrete produced from a mixture of known quantities of the component materials.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
Note 1: Unit weight was the previous terminology used to describe the property determined by this test method, which is mass per unit volume.  
1.3 The text of this test method refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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