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ASTM D4850-02a

(Terminology)

Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric

Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the industry related to textile fabrics. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included. Other terminology standards that have terms related to textile fabrics are shown in 2.1.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-2002
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.59 - Fabric Physical Test Methods A
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4850-02 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D4850-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric
Effective Date
10-Feb-2003
Referred By
ASTM D3512/D3512M-22 - Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Random Tumble Pilling Tester
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D7023-06(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Home Furnishings
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D5278/D5278M-09(2017) - Standard Test Method for Elongation of Narrow Elastic Fabrics (Static-Load Testing)
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D5430-13(2017) - Standard Test Methods for Visually Inspecting and Grading Fabrics
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D3884-22 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Rotary Platform Abrader Method)
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4685/D4685M-15(2020) - Standard Test Method for Pile Fabric Abrasion
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D1388-23 - Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabrics
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6828-02(2019) - Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabric by Blade/Slot Procedure
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D2724-19 - Standard Test Method for Bond Strength of Bonded, Fused, and Laminated Apparel Fabrics
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4970/D4970M-22 - Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Martindale Tester
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4157-13(2022) - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method)
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D6775-13(2017) - Standard Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongation of Textile Webbing, Tape and Braided Material
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4964-96(2020) - Standard Test Method for Tension and Elongation of Elastic Fabrics (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Type Tensile Testing Machine)
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002

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ASTM D4850-02a - Standard Terminology Relating to FabricASTM D4850-02a - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric
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ASTM D4850-02a - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 4850 – 02a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Fabric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4850; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope architectural-use, n—in the building trade, a descriptive term
for fabrics used in fabric roof-systems or similar industrial
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms
applications. (See also fabric roof-system.) D 4851
used in the industry related to textile fabrics. Terms that are
bagging, n—any fabric, of any fiber content, used to protect
generally understood or adequately defined in other readily
commodities during shipment and or storage.
available sources are not included. Other terminology stan-
dards that have terms related to textile fabrics are shown in 2.1
DISCUSSION—The fabrics may be of the woven, knitted, or non-
woven type, and are typically produced with cotton, jute, polyethylene,
2. Referenced Documents
or polypropylene fibers. D 4850
2.1 ASTM Standards:
bending length, n—(1) general—a measure of the interaction
2
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
between fabric weight and fabric stiffness as shown by the
3
D 3990 Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects
way in which a fabric bends under its own weight. It reflects
D 4848 Terminology for Force, Deformation and Related
the stiffness of a fabric when bent in one plane under the
3
Properties of Fabric
force of gravity, and is one component of drape; (2)
specific—the cube root of the ratio of the flexural rigidity to
3. Terminology
the weight per unit area. D 1388
3.1 Definitions:
book fold, n—a fabric doubled selvage to selvage, then folded
abrasion, n—the wearing away of any part of a material by
back and forth upon itself in predetermined lengths. (See
rubbing against another surface. D 3884, D 3885, D 3886,
also shoe fold.)
D 4157, D 4158, D 4685, D 4966
DISCUSSION—When the piece is completed, the fold-edges on each
abrasion cycle, n—one complete movement across the surface
side are folded once more upon themselves so that the fold-edges are
of a material.
inside, forming a compact package as long as one half the width of the
fabric. D 4850
DISCUSSION—The complete movement for an abrasion cycle is
dependent on the action of the abrasion machine and the test method
bow, n—a fabric condition resulting when filling yarns or
used. It may consist of one back-and-forth unidirectional movement or
knitted courses are displaced from a line perpendicular to the
one circular movement, or a combination of both. D 3885
selvages and form one or more arcs across the width of the
air permeability, n—the rate of air flow passing perpendicular
fabric. (See also double bow.) D 3882, D 3990
through a known area under a prescribed air pressure
braided fabric, n—a structure produced by interlacing three or
differential between the two surfaces of a material.
more ends of yarns in a manner such that the paths of the
yarns are diagonal to the vertical axis of the fabric.
DISCUSSION—Air permeability of fabric at a stated pressure differen-
D 4850
tial between two surfaces of the fabric is generally expressed in SI units
3 2 3 2
broken end, n—in woven fabrics, a void in the warp direction
as cm /s/cm and in inch-pound units as ft /min/ft calculated in
operating conditions. (See permeability, porosity.) D 737 due to yarn breakage. D 3990
burlap, n—a coarse, heavy, plain weave fabric of coarse single
air-supported roof, n—a fabric roof-system that is properly
bask fibern yarn. D 4850
secured and primarily supported and held in place by air
bursting strength, n—the force or pressure required to rupture
pressure. D 4851
a fabric by distending it with a force, applied at right angles
to the plane of the fabric, under specified conditions.
1 D 3786, D 3787, D 3887
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles
circular bend, n—simultaneous, multidirectional deformation
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,
General.
of a fabric in which one face of a flat specimen becomes
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published February 2003. Originallyap-
concave and the other becomes convex. D 4032
proved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D 4850 – 02.
2
Annul Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.
3
Annul Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version
...

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3.1 The compression resistance perpendicular to the faces, the resistance to the extrusion during compression, and the ability to recover after release of the load are indicative of a joint filler's ability to continuously fill a concrete expansion joint and thereby prevent damage that might otherwise occur during thermal expansion. The asphalt content is a measure of the fiber-type joint filler's durability and life expectancy. In the case of cork-type fillers, the resistance to water absorption and resistance to boiling hydrochloric acid are relative measures of durability and life expectancy.
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Property  
Section  
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7.4  
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7.5  
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Note 1: Specific test methods are applicable only to certain types of joint fillers, as stated herein.  
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