ASTM D6693/D6693M-20

Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Nonreinforced Polyethylene and Nonreinforced Flexible Polypropylene Geomembranes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is designed to produce tensile property data for the control and specification of nonreinforced polyethylene and flexible nonreinforced polypropylene geomembranes. These data are also useful for qualitative characterization and for research and development. It may be necessary to modify this procedure for use in testing certain materials as recommended by the material specifications. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material's specification before using this test method. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.  
4.2 Tensile properties may vary with specimen preparation, test speed, and environment of testing. Consequently, where precise comparative results are desired, these factors must be carefully monitored and controlled.  
4.2.1 It is realized that a material cannot be tested without also testing the method of preparation of that material. Hence, when comparative tests of materials are desired, care must be exercised to ensure that all samples are prepared in exactly the same way, unless the test is to include the effects of sample preparation. Similarly, for referee purposes or comparisons within any given series of specimens, care must be taken to secure the maximum degree of uniformity in details of preparation, treatment, and handling.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile properties of nonreinforced geomembranes in the form of standard dumbbell-shaped test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, and machine speed.  
1.2 This test method can be used for testing materials thickness between 0.25 mm [0.010 in.] and 6.3 mm [0.25 in.].
Note 1: This test method is not intended to precisely measure physical properties of a geomembrane for design purposes. This is an “index test” intended to be used for quality control and specification conformance purposes. The constant rate of crosshead movement of this test lacks accuracy from a theoretical standpoint, since crosshead movement as opposed to actual strain is used. A wide difference may exist between the rate of crosshead movement and the rate of strain in particular areas of the specimen since the specimen does not have a uniform width or cross-sectional area. This may disguise important effects or characteristics of these materials in the plastic state. Use of an extensometer, not included in this test, would more accurately measure strain and strain rate but would still have limitations for some geomembranes. Further, it is realized that variations in the thicknesses of test specimens, as permitted by this test method, produce variations in the surface-volume ratios of such specimens, and that these variations may influence the test results. Hence, where directly comparable results are desired, all samples should be of equal thickness. Special additional tests should be used where more precise physical data are needed. Test Method D4885 is a suitable performance test for many applications.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Or...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2020
• ICS: 59.080.70 - Geotextiles
• Technical Committee: D35 - Geosynthetics
• Drafting Committee: D35.10 - Geomembranes

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D6693/D6693M − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determining Tensile Properties of Nonreinforced
Polyethylene and Nonreinforced Flexible Polypropylene
1
Geomembranes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6693/D6693M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
properties of nonreinforced geomembranes in the form of
standard dumbbell-shaped test specimens when tested under dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, and machine ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
speed.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 This test method can be used for testing materials
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
thickness between 0.25 mm [0.010 in.] and 6.3 mm [0.25 in.].
NOTE 1—This test method is not intended to precisely measure physical
2. Referenced Documents
properties of a geomembrane for design purposes. This is an “index test”
intended to be used for quality control and specification conformance 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
purposes. The constant rate of crosshead movement of this test lacks
D374/D374M Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electri-
accuracy from a theoretical standpoint, since crosshead movement as
opposed to actual strain is used.Awide difference may exist between the
cal Insulation
rate of crosshead movement and the rate of strain in particular areas of the
D412 Test Methods forVulcanized Rubber andThermoplas-
specimen since the specimen does not have a uniform width or cross-
tic Elastomers—Tension
sectional area. This may disguise important effects or characteristics of
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
these materials in the plastic state. Use of an extensometer, not included
in this test, would more accurately measure strain and strain rate but
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-
wouldstillhavelimitationsforsomegeomembranes.Further,itisrealized
als
that variations in the thicknesses of test specimens, as permitted by this
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
test method, produce variations in the surface-volume ratios of such
specimens, and that these variations may influence the test results. Hence, D4885 Test Method for Determining Performance Strength
where directly comparable results are desired, all samples should be of
of Geomembranes by the Wide Strip Tensile Method
equal thickness. Special additional tests should be used where more
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness
precise physical data are needed. Test Method D4885 is a suitable
of Geosynthetics
performance test for many applications.
D5994/D5994M Test Method for Measuring CoreThickness
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
of Textured Geomembranes
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
used independently of the other, and values from the two
E2586 Practice for Calculating and Using Basic Statistics
systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of terms applying to this test
method appear in Terminology D4439.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
GeosyntheticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD35.10onGeomem-
2
branes. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2020. Published July 2020. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6693/D6693M – 04 (2015) . Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
DOI: 10.1520/D6693_D6693M-20.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D6693/D6693M − 04 (Reapproved 2015) D6693/D6693M − 20
Standard Test Method for
Determining Tensile Properties of Nonreinforced
Polyethylene and Nonreinforced Flexible Polypropylene
1
Geomembranes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6693/D6693M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Designation was changed to dual and units information was corrected editorially in June 2015.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tensile properties of nonreinforced geomembranes in the form of standard
dumbbell-shaped test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, and machine speed.
1.2 This test method can be used for testing materials thickness between 0.25 mm [0.010 in.] and 6.3 mm [0.25 in.].
NOTE 1—This test method is not intended to cover precise physical procedures. precisely measure physical properties of a geomembrane for design
purposes. This is an “index test” intended to be used for quality control and specification conformance purposes. The constant rate of crosshead movement
of this test lacks accuracy from a theoretical standpoint. standpoint, since crosshead movement as opposed to actual strain is used. A wide difference may
exist between the rate of crosshead movement and the rate of strain in particular areas of the specimen indicating that the testing speeds specified since
the specimen does not have a uniform width or cross-sectional area. This may disguise important effects or characteristics of these materials in the plastic
state. Use of an extensometer, not included in this test, would more accurately measure strain and strain rate but would still have limitations for some
geomembranes. Further, it is realized that variations in the thicknesses of test specimens, as permitted by this test method, produce variations in the
surface-volume ratios of such specimens, and that these variations may influence the test results. Hence, where directly comparable results are desired,
all samples should be of equal thickness. Special additional tests should be used where more precise physical data are needed. Test Method D4885 is a
suitable performance test for many applications.
1.3 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and may be appropriate for use in engineering design with consideration
of test conditions as compared with in-service conditions.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used
independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D374/D374M Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation
D412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers—Tension
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
D4885 Test Method for Determining Performance Strength of Geomembranes by the Wide Strip Tensile Method
D5199 Test Method for Measuring the Nominal Thickness of Geosynthetics
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosynthetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomembranes.
Current edition approved May 1, 2015July 1, 2020. Published June 2015July 2020. Originally approved in 2001. Last previous edition approved in 20102015 as
ɛ1
D6693–04(2010).D6693/D6693M – 04 (2015) . DOI: 10.1520/D6693_D6693M-04R15E01.10.1520/D6693_D6693M
...