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ASTM F1312-19(2023)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay

Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay

ABSTRACT
This specification covers thermal insulating bricks made from fire clay that are used as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings of boiler furnaces. The bricks shall be composed of heat-resistant materials that have been burned or fired to produce the desired density, strength, and structure. Representative bricks shall be tested, and shall conform accordingly to specified values of bulk density, modulus of rupture, and reheat change.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers two types of thermal insulating brick for industrial or marine boiler furnaces. Type I is a special, 2500 °F (1371 °C) maximum service temperature, insulating firebrick that is used as backup insulation for refractory furnace linings.2 Type II is a standard insulating brick that, in general, is used where there may be direct contact with combustion gases, such as forge and stress relieving furnaces.3  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
30-Apr-2023
ICS
81.080 - Refractories
Technical Committee
F25 - Ships and Marine Technology
Drafting Committee
F25.07 - General Requirements
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM F1312-19(2023) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire ClayASTM F1312-19(2023) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
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ASTM F1312-19(2023) - Standard Specification for Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1312 − 19 (Reapproved 2023) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
1
Brick, Insulating, High Temperature, Fire Clay
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1312; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope C134 Test Methods for Size, Dimensional Measurements,
and Bulk Density of Refractory Brick and Insulating
1.1 This specification covers two types of thermal insulating
Firebrick
brick for industrial or marine boiler furnaces. Type I is a
C155 Classification of Insulating Firebrick
special, 2500 °F (1371 °C) maximum service temperature,
C210 Test Method for Reheat Change of Insulating Firebrick
insulating firebrick that is used as backup insulation for
2 D1974/D1974M Practice for Methods of Closing, Sealing,
refractory furnace linings. Type II is a standard insulating
and Reinforcing Fiberboard Boxes
brick that, in general, is used where there may be direct contact
D3953 Specification for Strapping, Flat Steel and Seals
with combustion gases, such as forge and stress relieving
3 D4727/D4727M Specification for Corrugated and Solid Fi-
furnaces.
berboard Sheet Stock (Container Grade) and Cut Shapes
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
D5118/D5118M Practice for Fabrication of Fiberboard Ship-
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
ping Boxes
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
D6251/D6251M Specification for Wood-Cleated Panelboard
and are not considered standard.
Shipping Boxes
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D6880/D6880M Specification for Wood Boxes
5
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2.2 Military Specification:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
MIL-L-10547 Liners, Case, and Sheet, Overwrap; Vapor-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter- proof or Waterproof, Flexible
5
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2.3 Military Standards:
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
MIL-STD-147 Palletized Unit Load 40 Inch by 48 Inch
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4-Way (Partial) Pallet Skids, Runners, or Pallet Type Base
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
MIL-STD-2073-1 Standard Practice for Military Packaging
6
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
2.4 ASQ Document:
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for In-
spection by Attributes
2. Referenced Documents
4
3. Classification
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C133 Test Methods for Cold Crushing Strength and Modu-
3.1 Refractory insulating brick shall be of the following
lus of Rupture of Refractories
types, as specified (see Section 6): Type I — 2500 °F
(1371 °C), Type II — 2800 °F (1538 °C). Type II brick is part
of Group No. 28 of Classification C155.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.07 on
4. Ordering Information
General Requirements.
Current edition approved May 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally 4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as F1312 – 19. DOI:
the following information as necessary to describe the material
10.1520/F1312-19R23.
adequately:
2
Type I is a replacement for MIL-B-16008C, Brick, Insulating, High
4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue,
Temperature, Fire Clay
3
Type II is a replacement for MIL-B-16305B Class B, Brick, Refractory,
Insulating.
4 5
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from DLA Document Services, Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Ave.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, http://quicksearch.dla.mil.
6
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 N. Plankinton Ave.,
the ASTM website. Milwaukee, WI 53203, http://www.asq.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United St
...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Refractory brick are used as modular units in furnace construction and should not deviate significantly from the intended configuration with respect to size, bulk density, flat surfaces, and right angles. These test methods are particularly suited for use under field conditions and provide a means to determine whether the brick meets the requirements considered necessary to assure a satisfactory refractory construction.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The true specific gravity of a material is the ratio of its true density, determined at a specific temperature, to the true density of water, determined at a specific temperature. Thus, the true specific gravity of a material is a primary property which is related to chemical and mineralogical composition.  
4.2 This test method is particularly useful for hydratable materials that are not suitable for test with Test Method C135.  
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1.2.1 Exception—In 7.3, the equivalent SI unit is expressed in parentheses.  
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These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. The tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate or absorption, and determination of weight, size, warpage, length chanange, and void areas. For purposes of these tests, full-size bricks, tiles, or solid masonry units shall be used as test specimens. They shall be representative of the lot of units from which they are to be selected in respect of the range of colors, textures, and sizes and shall be free of or brushed to remove dirt, mud, mortar, or other foreign materials unassociated with the manufacturing process.
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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the sampling and testing of brick and structural clay tile. Although not necessarily applicable to all types of units, tests include modulus of rupture, compressive strength, absorption, saturation coefficient, effect of freezing and thawing, efflorescence, initial rate of absorption and determination of weight, size, warpage, length change, and void area. (Additional methods of test pertinent to ceramic glazes include imperviousness, chemical resistance, opacity, and resistance to crazing.  
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1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 These test methods include the following sections:    
Section Heading  
Section  
Scope  
1  
Referenced Documents  
2  
Terminology  
3  
Sampling  
4  
Specimen Preparation  
5  
Modulus of Rupture (Flexure Test)  
6  
Compressive Strength  
7  
Absorption  
8  
Freezing and Thawing  
9  
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Laboratory Test)  
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Efflorescence  
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Weight Per Unit Area  
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Measurement of Size  
13  
Measurement of Warpage  
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Measurement of Length Change  
15  
Initial Rate of Absorption (Suction) (Field Test)  
16  
Measurement of Void Area in Cored Units  
17  
Measurement of Void Area in Deep Frogged Units  
18  
Measurement of Out of Square  
19  
Measurement of Shell and Web Thickness  
20  
Breaking Load  
21  
Imperviousness Test (of Ceramin Glazes)  
22  
Chemical Resistance Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
23  
Autoclaved Crazing Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
24  
Opacity Test (of Ceramic Glazes)  
25  
Precision and Bias  
26  
Keywords  
27  
Safety Precautions for Autoclave Equipment and Operation  
Appendix X1  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers structural clay loading-bearing wall tiles of the following grades: Grade LBX, suitable for general use in masonry construction and adapted for use in masonry exposed to weathering; and Grade LB, suitable for general use in masonry where not exposed to frost action, or for use in exposed masonry where protected with a facing of stone, brick, terra cotta, or other masonry. Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring substances and subjected to heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing), which must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements. Tiles shall adhere to water absorption, compressive strength, and dimensional (nominal thickness and mass) requirements specified for individual grades.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers structural clay loadbearing wall tile.  
1.2 The property requirements of this specification apply at the time of purchase. The use of results from testing of tile extracted from masonry structures for determining conformance or non-conformance to the property requirements (Section 5) of this standard is beyond the scope of this specification.  
1.3 Tile covered by this specification are manufactured from clay, shale, or similar naturally occurring earthy substances and subjected to a heat treatment at elevated temperatures (firing). The heat treatment must develop sufficient fired bond between the particulate constituents to provide the strength and durability requirements of this specification. (See firing and fired bond in Terminology C1232.)  
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1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM C467-14(2023)(Classification)
Standard Classification of Mullite Refractories

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1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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