ASTM C119-04a
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
Standard Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
General Information
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Designation:C119–04a
Standard Terminology Relating to
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Dimension Stone
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C119; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
Dimension stone,asusedhere,isnaturalstonethathasbeenselectedandfabricatedtospecificsizes
or shapes, with or without one or more mechanically dressed or finished surfaces, for use as building
facing, curbing, paving stone, monuments and memorials, and various industrial products. The term
dimension stone is in contradistinction to crushed and broken stone, such as is used for aggregate,
roadstone, fill, or chemical raw materials. Because all stone is a natural material, the definition
excludes all manmade materials that simulate stone. In common practice, some dimension stones are
reinforced, filled, or surface treated.
Terms used in definitions and nomenclature shall be interpreted in accordance with commonly
accepted scientific and technical terms of the geological sciences except as otherwise specifically
noted.
Examples of such exceptions are the broader commercial definitions of granite and marble, which
have become well established in the dimension stone industry and trade. Definitions and terms
includedinthesedefinitionshavebeenformulatedinaccordancewithcommonindustrialusage where
this is not in conflict with current scientific usage.
GENERAL TERMS coping—dimension stone used as the top course of a masonry
wall, often sloped to shed water.
anchor—in general, a metal shape inserted into a slot or hole
crack—a partial break in the stone (see fracture, microcrack,
in the stone that provides for the transfer of loads from the
seam).
stone to the building structure, either directly or through an
cubic stock—in general, a thick dimension stone unit which is
intermediate structure.
not precisely defined in terms of thickness for every kind of
anchorage—the system consisting of stone, anchor and pri-
stone, particularly for limestone and sandstone. For marble
mary structure, secondary structure or back-up preventing
or granite, cubic stock is a unit that is greater than 50 mm in
lateral movement of the stone.
thickness. For limestone, cubic stock is a unit that is greater
arris—thejunctionoftwoplanesofthesamestoneformingan
than 75 mm to 100 mm in thickness, and for sandstone, a
external corner.
unit that is greater than 150 mm to 200 mm in thickness. (In
ashlar—(1) a squared block of building stone; (2) a masonry
contrast, see thin stone.)
of such stones; (3) a thin-dressed rectangle of stone for
cut stone—stone fabricated to specific dimensions.
facing of walls (often called ashlar veneer).
dimension stone—natural stone that has been selected and
building stone—natural rock of adequate quality to be quar-
fabricated to specific sizes or shapes.
riedandcutasdimensionstoneasitexistsinnature,asused
DISCUSSION—The term dimension stone is in contradistinction to
in the construction industry.
crushed and broken stone, such as is used for aggregate, roadstone, fill,
chip—an irregularly-shaped piece of stone, usually with one
orchemicalrawmaterials.Incommonpractice,somedimensionstones
convex surface, that has been dislodged from a snip.
are reinforced, filled, or surface treated.
cladding—nonload-bearing stone used as the facing material
in wall construction that contains other materials. dressed stone—See cut stone, finished stone.
durability—the measure of the ability of dimension stone to
endure and to maintain its essential and distinctive charac-
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on
teristics of strength, resistance to decay, and appearance.
Dimension Stone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.91 on
Durability is based on the length of time that a stone can
Nomenclature and Definitions.
Current edition approved March 1, 2004. Published April 2004. Originally
approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as 119–04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C119–04a
maintain its innate characteristics in use.This time will vary ribbon—in some slate, narrow bands of contrasting color or
depending on the environment, the use, and the finish of the appearance differing in some degree in chemical composi-
stone in question (for example, outdoor versus indoor use). tion from the main body.
fabrication—when applied to dimension stone, any of the rift—(1) a consistent directi
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