ASTM D7095-04
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Rapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip
Standard Test Method for Rapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds, most of which are removed during refining. However, of the sulfur compounds remaining in the petroleum product, some can have a corroding action on various metals, including copper, and this corrosivity is not necessarily related to the total sulfur content. The effect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfur compounds present. This copper foil strip corrosion test is designed to assess the relative degree of corrosivity of a petroleum product towards copper and copper-containing alloys using a shorter test duration than that specified in Test Method D 130.
Some sulfur species may become corrosive to copper only at higher temperatures. Thus, higher test temperatures, particularly 100°C (212°F), may be used to test some products by the pressure vessel procedure.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corrosiveness to copper of aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel, automotive gasoline, natural gasoline, or other hydrocarbons having a vapor pressure no greater than 124 kPa (18 psi), cleaners (for example, Stoddard solvent), kerosine, diesel fuel, distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil, and other petroleum products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are provided for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 1.1, 6.1, and Annex A2.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D7095 – 04
Standard Test Method for
Rapid Determination of Corrosiveness to Copper from
Petroleum Products Using a Disposable Copper Foil Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7095; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This test method is similar in nature to theTest Method D130 test method, but involves three major
differences. Firstly, a single-use copper foil strip is used in place of the Test Method D130 multi-use
copper strip. Secondly, a different polishing technique is used in preparing the copper foil strip, which
uses a commercially available scouring-pad in place of the initial and final polishing techniques
described in Test Method D130. Thirdly, this test method involves a shorter analysis time of 45
minutes for all product types as compared to the Test Method D130 method requirements, which are
longer; for example, two or three hours.
1. Scope D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corro-
D1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by Lique-
siveness to copper of aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel,
fied Petroleum (LP) Gases
automotive gasoline, natural gasoline, or other hydrocarbons
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
having a vapor pressure no greater than 124 kPa (18 psi),
Petroleum Products
cleaners (for example, Stoddard solvent), kerosine, diesel fuel,
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil, and other petroleum products.
Petroleum Products
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D6615 Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine
standard. The values in parentheses are provided for informa-
Fuel
tion only.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3. Summary of Test Method
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
3.1 A polished copper foil strip is immersed in a specific
statements, see 1.1, 6.1, and Annex A2.
volume of the sample being tested and heated under conditions
2. Referenced Documents oftemperatureandtimethatarespecifictotheclassofmaterial
being tested. At the end of the heating period, the copper foil
2.1 ASTM Standards:
strip is removed, washed, and the color and tarnish level
B152/B152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate,
assessed against the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard.
and Rolled Bar
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Pe-
4. Significance and Use
troleum Products by Copper Strip Test
4.1 Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds, most of
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
which are removed during refining. However, of the sulfur
compoundsremaininginthepetroleumproduct,somecanhave
acorrodingactiononvariousmetals,includingcopper,andthis
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
corrosivity is not necessarily related to the total sulfur content.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2004. Published November 2004. DOI:
10.1520/D7095-04.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Request Adjunct No.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM ADJD0130. Names of suppliers in the United Kingdom can be obtained from
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London,WIM 8AR, United Kingdom. One
the ASTM website. Master Standard is held at Energy Institute for reference.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D7095 – 04
The effect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfur
compounds present. This copper foil strip corrosion test is
designed to assess the relative degree of corrosivity of a
petroleum product towards copper and copper-containing al-
loys using a shorter test duration than that specified in Test
Method D130.
4.2 Some sulfur species may become corrosive to copper
only at higher temperatures. Thus, higher test temperatures,
particularly 100°C (212°F), may be used to test some products
by the pressure vessel procedure.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Copper Foil Strip Corrosion Test Pressure Vessel, con-
structed from stainless steel according to the dimensions given
in Fig. 1. The vessel shall be capable of withstanding a test
pressure of 700 kPa gage (100 psi).Alternative designs for the
vessel’s cap and synthetic rubber gasket may be used provided
that the internal dimensions of the vessel are the same as those
shown in Fig. 1.The internal dimensions of the pressure vessel
are such that a nominal 25 by 150 mm (1 by 6 in.) test tube can
be placed inside the pressure vessel.
5.2 Test Tubes, of borosilicate glass with nominal dimen-
sions of 25 by 150 mm (1 by 6 in.). The internal dimensions
shall be checked as acceptable by use of a copper foil strip (see
6.3). When 30 mL of liquid is added to the test tube with the
copper foil strip in it, a minimum of 5 mm of liquid shall be
above the top surface of the copper foil strip.
5.3 Test Baths:
5.3.1 General—Alltestbaths,whetherliquidorsolidblock,
shall be capable of maintaining the test temperature to within
6 1°C (2°F) of the required test temperature, for the entire
duration of the test.
5.3.2 Bath(s) Used for Submerging Pressure Vessel(s)—
Bath(s)shallbedeepenoughtosubmergeoneormorepressure
vessels (see 5.1) completely during the test. It shall be fitted
with suitable supports to hold each pressure vessel in a vertical
position when submerged.
5.3.3 Bath(s) Used for Test Tubes—Bath(s) shall be fitted
with suitable supports to hold each test tube (see 5.2)ina
vertical position to a depth of about 100 mm (4 in.) as
measured from the bottom of the test tube to the bath surface.
As a liquid bath medium, water and oil have been found
satisfactory and controllable at the specified test temperature
NOTE 1—Material: stainless steel; welded construction; maximum test
and duration required by the test procedure. Solid block baths
gage pressure: 700 kPa
shall meet the test temperature control, test duration, and
NOTE 2—Key:
immersion conditions required by the test procedure, and shall
1 Lifting eye
be checked for temperature measurement (heat transfer) for
2 Wide groove for pressure relief
each product class by running tests on tubes filled with 30 mL 3 Knurled cap
4 Twelve threads per inch NF thread or equivalent
of product plus a copper foil strip of the given nominal
5 Camber inside cap to protect “O” ring when closing pressure vessel
dimensions, plus a temperature sensor.
6 Synthetic rubber “O” ring without free sulfur
5.4 Temperature Sensing and Monitoring Device (TSMD),
7 Seamless tube
capable of sensing and monitoring the desired test temperature
NOTE 3—Dimensions in millimetres.
in the bath to within an accuracy of 6 1°C (2°F) or better. The
NOTE 4—All dimensions without tolerance limits are nominal values.
ASTM 12C (12F) (see Specification E1) or IP64C (64F) total
FIG. 1 Pressure Vessel for the Copper Foil Strip Corrosion Test
immersion thermometer has been found suitable for use in the
test. If used, no more than 10 mm (0.4 in.) of the mercury 5.5 Timing Device, electronic or manual, capable of accu-
should extend above the surface of the bath at the test rately measuring the test duration within the allowable toler-
temperature. ance.
D7095 – 04
5.6 Forceps, with either stainless steel or polytetrafluoroet- Tips, for use in protecting the copper foil strip from coming in
hylene (PTFE) tips, have been found suitable for use in contact with the individual during handling or polishing, or
handling the copper foil strips. both.
5.7 Optional Equipment:
5.7.1 Polishing Vise, for holding the copper foil strip firmly
7. Corrosion Standards
without marring the edges while polishing. Any convenient
7.1 ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards consist of
typeofholder(seeX1.2)maybeused,providedthatthecopper
reproductions in color of typical test strips representing in-
foil strip is held tightly and that the surface of the copper foil
creasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion, the reproductions
strip being polished is supported above the surface of the
beingencasedforprotectioninplasticandmadeupintheform
holder.
of a plaque.
5.7.2 Viewing Tubes, flat glass test tubes, are convenient for
7.1.1 Keep the plastic-encased ASTM Copper Strip Corro-
protecting corroded copper foil strips for close inspection or
sion Standards protected from light to avoid the possibility of
storage (see X1.1 for the description of a flat-glass viewing
fading. Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques,
tube).Theviewingtubeshallbeofsuchdimensionsastoallow
one of which has been carefully protected from light (for
the introduction of a copper foil strip (see 6.3) and made of
example, new plaque). Observe both sets in diffused daylight
glass free of striae or similar defects.
(or equivalent) first from a point directly above and then from
an angle of 45°. If any evidence of fading is observed,
6. Reagents and Materials
particularly at the left-hand end of the plaque, it is suggested
6.1 Wash Solvent—Any volatile, less than 5 mg/kg sulfur
that the one that is the more faded with respect to the other be
hydrocarbon solvent may be used, provided that it shows no
discarded.
tarnish at all when tested for3hat 50°C (122°F). 2,2,4-
7.1.1.1 Alternatively,placeasuitablysizedopaquestrip(for
trimethylpentane(isooctane)ofminimum99.75 %purityisthe
example, 20 mm ( ⁄4 in.) black electrical tape) across the top of
referee solvent and should be used in case of dispute.
the colored portion of the plaque when initially purchased. At
(Warning—Extremely flammable; see A2.1).
intervals remove the opaque strip and observe. When there is
6.2 Surface Preparation / Polishing Materials—Scouring-
any evidence of fading of the exposed portion, the standards
pad made of polyester material that is free of detergents or
shall be replaced.
spongy material, containing aluminum oxide as a scouring-aid.
,
4 5
7.1.1.2 These plaques are full-color reproductions of typical
3M Scotch Brite 86 (3M No. 05509), approximately 400-
strips. They have been printed on aluminum sheets by a
grit, green-colored, heavy-duty, hand-pad, has been found
four-color process and are encased in plastic for protection.
suitable for use. Other commercially available 400-grit pads
Directions for their use are given on the reverse side of each
may be used, provided those are also made of polyester
plaque.
material, free of detergents or spongy material, containing
aluminum oxide as a scouring-aid. 7.1.2 If the surface of the plastic cover shows excessive
scratching, it is suggested that the plaque be replaced.
NOTE 1—3M Scotch Brite 86 pads are generally available in the form
of 229 by 152 by 9.5 mm (9 by 6 by ⁄8 in.) thick pads. For ease of
8. Samples
handling and polishing, it is recommended that the pads be cut so that the
dimensions of the scouring-pads are about 114 by 38 by 9.5 mm (4- ⁄2 by
8.1 In accordance with Practice D4057 or Practice D4177,
1 3
1- ⁄2 by ⁄8 in.).
or both, it is particularly important that all types of fuel
6.3 Copper Foil Strips—Use copper foil strips approxi-
samples that pass a low-tarnish strip classification, be collected
mately 12.5 mm ( ⁄2 in.) wide, and 0.526 to 0.541 mm (0.0207
in clean, dark glass bottles, plastic bottles, or other suitable
to 0.0213 in.) thick. Cut, straight and smooth, using a sharp
containers that will not affect the corrosive properties of the
,
5 6
tin-snip or any other metal-cutting device approximately 75
fuel. Avoid the use of tin-plate containers for collection of
mm (3 in.) long strips, from a 30.5 m (100 ft) roll of
samples, since experience has shown that they can contribute
soft-temper, commercial gradeAlloy 110, composed of 99.9 %
to the corrosiveness of the sample.
5,7
copper, meeting Specification B152/B152M specifications.
8.2 Fill the containers as completely as possible and close
Discard copper foil strip after each single use.
themimmediatelyaftertakingthesample.Adequateheadspace
6.4 Ashless Filter Paper or Disposable Gloves or Forceps
in the container is necessary to provide room for possible
(with either Stainless Steel or Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE))
thermal expansion during transport. It is recommended that
volatile samples be filled between 70 and 80 % of the contain-
er’s capacity. Exercise care during sampling to protect the
The sole source of supply of the apparatus, Cat. No. 19-047-249, known to the
samples from exposure to direct sunlight or even diffused
committee at this time is Fisher Scientific Co., USA (www.fishersci.com).
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
daylight. Carry out the test as soon as possible after receipt in
ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-
the laboratory and immediately after opening the container.
ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
8.3 If suspended water (that is, haze) is observed in the
The sole source of supply of the heavy-duty 6 in. shear, Part No. 82818, known
to the committee at this time is Micro-mark, 340 SnyderAve., Berkeley Heights, NJ
sample, dry by filtering a sufficient volume of sample through
07922-1595, USA.
a medium rapid qualitative filter, into the prescribed clean, dry
The sole source of supply of the apparatus, Part No. 9053K21, known to the
test tube. Carry out this operation in a darkened room or under
committeeatthistimeisMcMaster-CarrSupplyCompany,P.O.Box4355,Chicago,
IL 60680-4355, USA. a light-protected shield.
D7095 – 04
8.3.1 Contact of the copper foil strip with water before, 10.2.1 For aviation gasoline and aviation turbine fuel, place
during, or after completion of the test run will cause staining, 30 mL of sample, completely clear
...
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