ASTM G121-98(2010)e1

Standard Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice will be suitable to direct the preparation of test coupons with a known amount of contaminant on the surface. A standard test coupon is described and a list of contaminants that have typically been found in oxygen-enriched systems and components is provided.
These coupons shall be used in the evaluation of cleaning agents for oxygen-enriched systems and components. This will permit direct comparison within and between test facilities.
Materials used in other fluid handling systems such as nitrogen, helium, hydrogen, gasoline, etc. may also be prepared for evaluation by this practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for the preparation of single- and double-sided contaminated metallic test coupons for the evaluation of cleaning agents. It is applicable for the evaluation of cleaning agents proposed for the cleaning of oxygen-enriched systems and components. It also is applicable to other systems where contamination is a concern.
1.2 Several classes of contaminants most likely to be found in oxygen-enriched systems and components are identified. However, if the user of this practice has identified contaminants not included in these classes, such identified contaminants may be substituted for the preparation of the test coupons.
1.3 Preparation of nonmetallic substrates is not addressed, although similar methodology may be used. Solvent and cleaning agent compatibility with the nonmetallic substrate should be verified prior to the preparation of the test coupons. Typical nonmetallic materials utilized in oxygen systems are contained in Guide G63.
1.4 This practice may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This practice does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whomever uses this practice to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Aug-2004
• ICS: 71.100.40 - Surface active agents
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.02 - Recommended Practices

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM G121-98(2004) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM G121-98(2015)e1 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2847-17 - Standard Practice for Reporting and Assessment of Residues on Single-Use Implants and Single-Use Sterile Instruments
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D6361/D6361M-98(2020) - Standard Guide for Selecting Cleaning Agents and Processes
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM G127-15(2023) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen-Enriched Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F3127-22 - Standard Guide for Validating Cleaning Processes Used During the Manufacture of Medical Devices
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM G131-96(2023)e1 - Standard Practice for Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic Techniques
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM G122-20 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents and Processes
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM F2459-18 - Standard Test Method for Extracting Residue from Metallic Medical Components and Quantifying via Gravimetric Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM G126-16(2023) - Standard Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM G144-01(2022) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Residual Contamination of Materials and Components by Total Carbon Analysis Using a High Temperature Combustion Analyzer
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM E3106-22 - Standard Guide for Science-Based and Risk-Based Cleaning Process Development and Validation
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004
• Referred By: ASTM E3263-22e1 - Standard Practice for Qualification of Visual Inspection of Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Equipment and Medical Devices for Residues
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation: G121 − 98(Reapproved 2010)
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the
Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Warning notes were editorially moved into text in May 2010.
1. Scope volatile Residue (NVR) in Environmentally Controlled
Areas for Spacecraft
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for the preparation
F303 Practices for Sampling for Particles in Aerospace
of single- and double-sided contaminated metallic test coupons
Fluids and Components
for the evaluation of cleaning agents. It is applicable for the
F312 Test Methods for Microscopical Sizing and Counting
evaluation of cleaning agents proposed for the cleaning of
Particles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters
oxygen-enriched systems and components. It also is applicable
F324 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Volatile
to other systems where contamination is a concern.
Cleaning Solvents Using the Solvent Purity Meter (With-
1.2 Several classes of contaminants most likely to be found 3
drawn 1987)
in oxygen-enriched systems and components are identified.
F331 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Solvent Ex-
However, if the user of this practice has identified contami-
tract from Aerospace Components (Using Flash Evapora-
nants not included in these classes, such identified contami-
tor)
nants may be substituted for the preparation of the test
G63 Guide for Evaluating Nonmetallic Materials for Oxy-
coupons.
gen Service
1.3 Preparation of nonmetallic substrates is not addressed, G94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
although similar methodology may be used. Solvent and
2.2 ANSI:
cleaning agent compatibility with the nonmetallic substrate
B 46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness, and
should be verified prior to the preparation of the test coupons.
Lay)
Typical nonmetallic materials utilized in oxygen systems are
contained in Guide G63.
3. Terminology
1.4 This practice may involve hazardous materials,
3.1 Definitions:
operations, and equipment. This practice does not purport to
3.1.1 contaminant, n—unwanted molecular and particulate
address all of the safety concerns associated with its use. It is
matter that could affect or degrade the performance of the
the responsibility of whomever uses this practice to consult and
components upon which they reside.
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
3.1.2 contamination, n—a process of contaminating.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.3 surface roughness, R,n—the arithmetic average de-
a
viation of the surface profile from the centerline, normally
2. Referenced Documents
reported in micrometres.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 nonvolatile residue (NVR), n—residual molecular and
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
particulate matter remaining following the filtration of a
E1235 Test Method for Gravimetric Determination of Non-
solventcontainingcontaminantsandevaporation ofthesolvent
at a specified temperature.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G04 on Compat-
3.1.5 particle (particulate contaminant), n—a piece of mat-
ibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres and is the
terinasolidstatewithobservablelength,width,andthickness.
direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.02 on Recommended Practices.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2004. Published May 2010. Originally 3.1.5.1 Discussion—The size of a particle is usually defined
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as G121 – 98 (2004).
by its great dimension and is specified in micrometres.
DOI: 10.1520/G0121-98R10.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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G121 − 98 (2010)
3.1.6 molecular contaminant (nonparticulate
contamination), n—the molecular contaminant may be in a
gaseous, liquid, or solid state.
3.1.6.1 Discussion—It may be uniformly or nonuniformly
distributed, or be in the form of droplets. Molecular contami-
nants account for most of the NVR.
3.1.7 blank, n—the contamination level of the fluid when
the test coupon is omitted.
3.1.7.1 Discussion—Sometimesreferredtoas“background”
level.
3.1.8 control coupon (witness coupon), n—a coupon made
from the same material as the test coupons, but in this test
method is not coated with the contaminant.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 A solution of the contaminant is applied to either one
side or both sides of the precleaned test coupons and dried
under standard conditions. The amount of contaminant on the
test coupons is determined. Nonmetallic material test coupons
used as inserts, seats, seals, etc. may also be prepared by this
procedure and are evaluated in the as-used condition.
4.2 Three methods of coupon preparation are provided:
Method A, NVR sample, single side
Method B, NVR sample, double side
FIG. 1 Standard Test Coupon
Method C, NVR and particulate sample
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This practice will be suitable to direct the preparation of
6.5 Other standard equipment such as a vacuum filtration
test coupons with a known amount of contaminant on the
system, solvent resistant filters, gloves, laboratory glassware,
surface. A standard test coupon is described and a list of
syringes, pipettes, desiccator, laboratory tongs, tweezers, and
contaminants that have typically been found in oxygen-
wire.
enriched systems and components is provided.
5.2 These coupons shall be used in the evaluation of
7. Reagents
cleaning agents for oxygen-enriched systems and components.
7.1 Contaminant materials-general classes of materials that
This will permit direct comparison within and between test
have typically been found in oxygen-enriched systems and
facilities.
components as a result of the manufacturing, assembly,
5.3 Materials used in other fluid handling systems such as
fabrication, and construction processes include:
nitrogen,helium,hydrogen,gasoline,etc.mayalsobeprepared
silicone oils and greases,
for evaluation by this practice.
fluorinated aerospace fluids and greases,
petroleum based oils and greases,
6. Apparatus
ester based oils and greases,
6.1 Test Coupon—Metal panels of the same material as the
phosphate esters,
component part to be cleaned. Other alloys that may be used if
waxes,
the specific alloy is unknown are included in Guide G94. The
chlorotrifluoroethylene based oils and greases,
coupon configuration is shown in Fig. 1.
inks,
cutting oils, and
NOTE1—Thesurfacefinishofthetestcouponshouldbethesameasthe
dye penetrants.
part to be cleaned.
6.2 Balance-Range to a minimum of 50 g with an 0.1-mg
7.2 Solvent-reagentgradeusedtopreparestandardsolutions
accuracy capable of weighing to 60.1 mg.
of contaminants which may include the following: 2-propanol,
2-butanone, hexane, Type II reagent water, or better, in
6.3 Oven-Convection, capable of maintaining 50°C 6 5°C.
accordance with Specification D1193, and perfluorinated car-
6.4 Spray Applicator—Capable to apply an even coat of
bon fluids. (Warning—Solvents such as 2-propanol hexane
contaminant; that is, an artist’s airbrush, perfume atomizer, or
and 2-butanone are highly flammable. The reader should refer
a spray device such as that used with window or tile cleaners
to appropriate safe handling procedures.)
has been found to apply an even coating of the contaminant in
a controlled manner. 7.3 Desiccant—for example, silica gel.
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G121 − 98 (2010)
7.4 Particulate contaminant—fine (0- to 80-µm), or coarse of the test coupon and the surface area (S) in square centime-
(0- to 200-µm) dusts available commercially. ters of each coupon that was coated.
8.2.3 Allow the contaminant to dry overnight or in an oven
8. Procedure
at 40 to 50°C for 1 h, cool to room temperature in a desiccator,
remove from the desiccator, and weigh. Reweigh the test
8.1 Coupon Preparation:
coupon at intervals while storing the coupons in a desiccator
8.1.1 The test coupons shall be numbered and precleaned
between weighings, 4 h typically, until a constant weight is
prior to use; record the number. Determine the surface
achieved. Record the final weight (W ) in grams to the nearest
roughness, R , of representative coupons of each alloy being 2
a
0.1 mg. It may be necessary to make additional applications to
evaluated per ANSI B 46.1 and record. Determine the surface
achiev
...