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ASTM D3823-07

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining Ticket Numbers for Sewing Threads

Standard Practice for Determining Ticket Numbers for Sewing Threads

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This system of sewing thread ticket numbers was developed to overcome the confusion arising from the use by the thread industry of a multiple number of undefined and unrelated ticketing systems.
The practice is used by sewing thread manufacturers to determine the ticket number to be assigned to a sewing thread. The ticket number is an indicator of the amount of raw fiber in the thread. It is based on greige thread rather than finished thread because finishing processes such as bleaching, dyeing, stretching, mercerizing, or sewing finish application significantly change the apparent thread size so that it may become an inadequate indicator of raw fiber present. Because of the foregoing it is not practical to verify the ticket number by sizing the finished thread.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes standard ticket numbers for sewing thread regardless of fiber content or type of thread.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard; the values in English units are provided as information only and are not exact equivalents.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Dec-2006
ICS
59.080.20 - Yarns
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.58 - Yarns and Fibers
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3823-01 - Standard Practice for Determining Ticket Numbers for Sewing Threads
Effective Date
01-Jan-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D3823-07(2012) - Standard Practice for Determining Ticket Numbers for Sewing Threads
Effective Date
01-Feb-2012
Referred By
ASTM D204-02(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Sewing Threads
Effective Date
01-Jan-2007
Referred By
ASTM D4849-21 - Standard Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
Effective Date
01-Jan-2007

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ASTM D3823-07 - Standard Practice for Determining Ticket Numbers for Sewing Threads
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3823–07
Standard Practice for
1
Determining Ticket Numbers for Sewing Threads
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3823; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope the thread industry of a multiple number of undefined and
unrelated ticketing systems.
1.1 This practice establishes standard ticket numbers for
4.2 The practice is used by sewing thread manufacturers to
sewing thread regardless of fiber content or type of thread.
determine the ticket number to be assigned to a sewing thread.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
The ticket number is an indicator of the amount of raw fiber in
as the standard; the values in English units are provided as
the thread. It is based on greige thread rather than finished
information only and are not exact equivalents.
thread because finishing processes such as bleaching, dyeing,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
stretching, mercerizing, or sewing finish application signifi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cantlychangetheapparentthreadsizesothatitmaybecomean
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
inadequate indicator of raw fiber present. Because of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
foregoing it is not practical to verify the ticket number by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
sizing the finished thread.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Sampling
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 Lot—Unless otherwise agreed upon between the pur-
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
chaser and supplier, a lot shall be a discrete manufacturing unit
D204 Test Methods for Sewing Threads
produced in a given period of time not to exceed a calendar
D1907 Test Method for Linear Density of Yarn (Yarn
month.
Number) by the Skein Method
5.2 Lot Sample—Select the number of specimens as di-
D4849 Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
3
rected in ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 using single sampling with a
2.2 ANSI Standard:
general inspection level of S1 and a 1.0 AQL.
ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures for Inspection by
5.3 Laboratory Sample—As a laboratory sample for accep-
Attributes
tance testing, take each unit in the lot sample.
3. Terminology 5.4 Test Specimens—From each package in the laboratory
sample, take one specimen.
3.1 For all terminology relating to D13.58, Yarns and
Fibers, refer to Terminology D4849.
6. Requirements
3.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
6.1 Sewing thread ticket numbers shall be based on the
geige thread, sewing thread, ticket number.
average resultant yarn number and shall be designated as
3.2 For all other terms are related to textiles, refer to
indicated in Table 1.
Terminology D123.
7. Procedure
4. Significance and Use
7.1 Determine in tex the resultant yarn number of the greige
4.1 This system of sewing thread ticket numbers was
thread as directed in Test Methods D204.
developed to overcome the confusion arising from the use by
7.2 Over the most recent 6 months of a 1-year period in
which the greige thread was manufactured, collect at least 100
1
ThispracticeisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextilesand
pairs of data, each consisting of a tex value and the production
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers.
rate at the time each tex value was obtained. If the greige
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2007. Published January 2007. Originally
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D3823 – 01. DOI:
threadofinteresthasnotbeenproducedinatleast6oftheprior
10.1520/D3823-07.
12 months, collect at least 100 pairs of data consisting of a tex
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
value and the corresponding production rate covering the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on period(s) during which the thread was being produced.
the ASTM website.
7.3 Calculate the weighted average of the resultant yarn
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
number using Eq 1:
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3823–07
TABLE 1 Thread Ticket Number w 5 (tr/(r (1)
A
Resultant Yarn Number, Tex Ticket Number
Up to but not including 2 1
where:
2 to but not including 3 2
w = weighted average
...

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5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable and the method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.  
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5.3 The extension force of manufactured filament yarns is related to the alignment of the molecules in the yarn filaments, which influences the yarn processing behavior. Knowledge of this property of partially oriented yarn is useful to determine processing conditions.
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This is a quick method used for the determination of the approximate yarn number of short-length specimens taken from packages or fabrics.  
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5.1 Test Method D1423 for testing twist in yarns by direct-counting is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments because current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable and the method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum use the samples for such comparative tests as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material that resulted in the disparate test results and randomly in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
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SCOPE
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1.3 This test method is not intended for yarns that extend more than 5.0 % when tension is increased from 2.5 to 7.5 mN/tex [0.25 to 0.75 gf/tex]. Following the procedures of this test method for such yarns would be independent of the bias and precision determined for this test method. The report from such testing should include the tension used for this testing.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
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ASTM D6612-00(2022)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Yarn Number and Yarn Number Variability Using Automated Tester

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D6612 for yarn number and yarn number variability is satisfactory for acceptance of commercial shipments and is used in the trade.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between the reported test results for two or more laboratories, comparative tests should be performed by those laboratories to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, samples used for each comparative tests should be as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that results in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. Other fabrics with established tests values are used for this purpose. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared appropriate statistical analysis and a probability level chosen by the two parties before testing begins, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.1.2 The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using appropriate statistical analysis and a probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.  
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ASTM D2258/D2258M-16(2022)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Assigning a value to any property of the material in a container or in a lot, consignment, or delivery involves a measurement process that includes both sampling and testing procedures. The correctness of the value assigned depends upon the variability due to testing and sampling plan. Even when the variability due to testing is minimized by carefully developed procedures, correct and consistent estimates of the true value of the property are possible only when the sampling procedure avoids systematic bias, minimizes variations due to sampling, and provides a laboratory sample of adequate size.  
5.2 Practice D2258 may not give the most efficient sampling plan that might be devised in special situations but does present a general procedure that gives satisfactory precision with an economical amount of sampling. Many plans that include stratified sampling can be found in textbooks and through the use of statistical software tools and calculators.  
5.2.1 If not specified by the purchaser, the manufacturer will define suitable production lots based on one or more of the following: supply lot, production shift/time segment, production equipment or production line, operator, designated shipment, production run, or a combination herein.  
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SCOPE
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1.1.1 This practice can be used for lot sample testing of yarns for both pre-fabric production and post-fabric production.  
1.2 This practice is applicable to single, plied, or cabled yarns, and cords, made of any fiber or mixture of fibers, and supported on any form of package, including beams.  
1.3 This practice also describes procedures for the sampling of yarn(s) removed from woven or knitted fabrics; however, when thus sampled, the yarns are usually not representative of entire shipments, as referred to in 1.1. Consequently, the resultant sampling can only be used to determine the characteristics of the yarn and is usually not used for acceptance testing. Moreover, it should be recognized that the characteristics of yarns from fabrics may be different than the characteristics of the same yarn(s), prior to being entered into the fabric manufacturing process.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical...

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ASTM
ASTM D3693-02(2021)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Labeled Length per Holder of Sewing Thread

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for the labeled lengths per holder of sewing threads of all materials. The test specimen is a thread holder whether a cone, tube, spool, ready-made bobbin, or any other holders. The observed length for all holders such as home sewing spools, ready-made bobbins, or all other holders which depends on the sampling size shall equal or exceed a certain percentage of the minimum allowable labeled length.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers requirements for the labeled lengths of sewing threads of all materials.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D2731-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Elastic Properties of Elastomeric Yarns (CRE Type Tensile Testing Machines)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since current estimates of between-laboratory precision are acceptable and the method is used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing.  
5.1.1 If there are differences of practical significance between reported test results for two laboratories (or more), comparative tests should be performed to determine if there is a statistical bias between them, using competent statistical assistance. As a minimum, use samples for such comparative tests that are as homogeneous as possible, drawn from the same lot of material as the samples that resulted in disparate results during initial testing, and randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory. The test results from the laboratories involved should be compared using a statistical test for unpaired data, at a probability level chosen prior to the testing series. If bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected, or future test results for that material must be adjusted in consideration of the known bias.  
5.2 Force at Specified Elongation (FASE) is a measure of the tensile force occurring while extending a textile material within specified limits. This characteristic of elastomeric yarn indicates the resistance that will have to be overcome by the wearer while putting on a garment made of the material and is also an indication of the garment's resistance to deformation caused by normal body movements during wear. The elongations used for these measurements are typically 100 %, 200 % and 300 %.  
5.3 Permanent Deformation (set) is a measure of the increase in length of an elastomeric yarn resulting from cyclic stretching and relaxation. The characteristic is a visible indication of the realignment of intermolecular bonds within the elastic material. As with stress decay, the amount of set increases with yarn extension; however, for any particular extension, little or no additional set takes place after...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of elastic properties of “as produced” elastomeric yarns made from rubber, spandex or other elastomers. Elastic properties include force at specified elongations, permanent deformation and stress decay. Other hysteresis related properties can be calculated.
Note 1: For a method designed specifically for testing rubber threads, refer to Test Method D2433.  
1.2 This test method is not applicable to covered, wrapped, or core-spun yarns or yarns spun from elastomeric staple.  
1.3 This test method is applicable to elastomeric yarns having a range of 40 to 3200 dtex (36 to 2900 denier).  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or U.S. Customary units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the U.S. Customary units are in parentheses. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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