ASTM B243-03

Standard Terminology of Powder Metallurgy

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology includes definitions of terms that are useful to the powder metallurgy industry. These definitions are helpful in the interpretation and application of powder metallurgy terms.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-2003
• ICS: 01.040.77 - Metallurgy (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 77.160 - Powder metallurgy
• Technical Committee: B09 - Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products
• Drafting Committee: B09.01 - Nomenclature and Technical Data

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B243-02b - Standard Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM B243-03a - Standard Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B212-21 - Standard Test Method for Apparent Density of Free-Flowing Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter Funnel
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B923-22 - Standard Test Method for Metal Powder Skeletal Density by Helium or Nitrogen Pycnometry
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B963-22 - Standard Test Methods for Oil Content, Oil-Impregnation Efficiency, and Surface-Connected Porosity of Sintered Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products Using Archimedes’ Principle
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B930-03(2021) - Standard Test Method for Rating Grain Size and Frequency of Abnormally Large Grains in Cemented Tungsten Carbides (Hardmetals)
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B527-23 - Standard Test Method for Tap Density of Metal Powders and Compounds
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B933-20 - Standard Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Powder Metallurgy (PM) Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B935-20 - Standard Guide for Steam Treatment of Ferrous Powder Metallurgy (PM) Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3606-22 - Standard Guide for Additive Manufacturing — Feedstock Materials — Testing Moisture Content in Powder Feedstock
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B887-12(2019) - Standard Test Method for Determination of Coercivity (Hcs) of Cemented Carbides
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B886-19 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Magnetic Saturation (Ms) of Cemented Carbides
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B214-22 - Standard Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Metal Powders
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B848/B848M-21 - Standard Specification for Powder Forged (PF) Ferrous Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003
• Referred By: ASTM B853-16(2021)e1 - Standard Specification for Powder Metallurgy (PM) Boron Stainless Steel Structural Components
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:B243–03
Standard Terminology of
1
Powder Metallurgy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B243; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.7 Metal Injection Molding, 3.2.8
1.1 This terminology standard includes definitions that are
3. Sintering:
are helpful in the interpretation and application of powder
3.1 Process for Sintering, 3.3.1
metallurgy terms.
3.2 Conditions During Sintering, 3.3.2
2. Referenced Documents 3.3 Phenomena Resulting from Sintering, 3.3.3
3.4 Properties of Sintered Parts, 3.3.4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.5 Procedure to Evaluate Sintered Parts, 3.3.5
B331 TestMethodforCompressibilityofMetalPowdersin
2
3.6 Removal of Binders, 3.3.6
Uniaxial Compaction
3. Terminology
4. Postsinter Treatments:
4.1 Processes, 3.4.1
3.1 Powder—Terms associated with production, character-
ization, use, and testing of metal powders.
5. Miscellaneous:
5.1 Definitions, 3.5.1
3.1.1 Table of Contents
5.2 Processes, 3.5.2
1. Powders:
5.3 Materials, 3.5.3
1.0 General, 3.1.2
1.1 Processes to Produce Powder, 3.1.3
3.1.2 General:
1.2 Types of Powder, 3.1.4
1001 agglomerate, n—several particles adhering together.
1.3 Shapes of Powder Particles, 3.1.5
1002 particulate matter, n—see powder.
1.4 Additives to Powder, 3.1.6
1003 P/M, n—the acronym representing powder metallurgy.
1.5 Treatment of Powder, 3.1.7
Used as P/M Part, P/M Product, P/M Process, and so forth.
1.6 Properties of Powder, 3.1.8
1004 powder metallurgy, n—the production and utilization
1.7 Procedures to Evaluate Powder, 3.1.9
of metal powders.
1.8 Equipment to Evaluate Powder, 3.1.10
1005 powder, n—particlesthatareusuallylessthan1000µm
(1 mm) in size.
2. Forming:
1006 metal powder, n—particles of elemental metals or
2.0 General, 3.2.1
alloys, normally less than 1000 µm (1 mm) in size.
2.1 Processes for Compacting, 3.2.2
2.2 Conditions of Compacting, 3.2.3
3.1.3 Processes to Produce Powder:
2.3 Tools Used for Compacting, 3.2.4
1101 atomization, n—the dispersion of a molten metal into
2.4 Phenomena Resulting from Compaction, 3.2.5
particles by a rapidly moving gas or liquid stream or by
2.5 Properties of Compacts, 3.2.6
mechanical means.
2.6 Forging, 3.2.7
1102 granulation, n—the production of coarse metal par-
ticles by pouring the molten metal through a screen into water
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B09 on Metal
(shotting) or by violent agitation of the molten metal while
Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
solidifying.
mittee B09.01 on Nomenclature and Technical Data.
1103 classification, n—separation of a powder into fractions
Current edition approved June 10, 2003. Published July 2003. Originally
approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as B243–02b. according to particle size.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
B243–03
1104 air classification, n—the separation of powder into 1211 matrix metal, n—the continuous phase of a polyphase
particle size fractions by means of an air stream of controlled alloy or mechanical mixture; the physically continuous metal-
lic constituent in which separate particles of another constitu-
velocity.
ent are embedded.
1105 gas classification, n—the separation of powder into
1212 composite powder, n—a powder in which each particle
particle size fractions by means of a gas stream of controlled
consists of two or more distinct constituents.
velocity.
1213 spongy, n—a porous condition in metal powder par-
1106 chemical deposition, n—the precipitation of one metal
ticles usually observed in reduced oxides.
from a solution of its salts by the addition of another metal or
1214 sponge iron, n—a coherent, porous mass of substan-
reagent to the solution.
tially pure iron produced by solid-state reduction of iron oxide
1107 chemically precipitated metal powder, n—powder pro-
(for example, iron ore or mill scale).
duced by the reduction of a metal from a solution of its salts
1215 sponge iron powder, n—ground and sized sponge iron,
either by the addition of another metal higher in the electro-
which may have been purified or annealed or both.
motive series or by other reducing agent.
1216 mixed powder, n—a powder made by mixing two or
1108 reduced metal powder, n—met
...