ASTM C896-20e1

Standard Terminology Relating to Clay Products

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2019
• ICS: 01.040.91 - Construction materials and building (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C04 - Vitrified Clay Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C04.10 - Editorial

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: C896 − 20
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Clay Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially updated figure connected to the term “haunch” in December 2020.
1. Referenced Documents bell—the flared-end portion of a vitrified clay pipe or fitting,
designed to function in the joining of other such pipe.
2
1.1 ASTM Standards:
C301 Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
beveled pipe—a pipe with an end angled to mate with a
C700 Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength,
complimentary pipe end or adjust to another surface.
Standard Strength, and Perforated
blister—a convex, raised area on the pipe surface indicating an
internal separation.
2. Terminology
body—See pipe body.
approving authority—the individual official, board,
boulder—a particle of rock that will not pass a 12-in.
department, or agency established and authorized by a state,
(305-mm) square opening.
county, city, or other political subdivision, created by law to
administer and enforce specified requirements. chip—a small piece of broken-off material, or the location
where a small piece of the unit material has been broken off.
backfill—all the material used to fill the trench from bedding
to finished surface. clay—an earthy or stony mineral aggregate consisting essen-
tially of hydrous silicates of alumina, plastic when suffi-
backfill, final—material used to fill the trench from initial
ciently pulverized and wetted, rigid when dry, and vitreous
backfill to finished surface.
when fired to a sufficiently high temperature.
backfill, initial—material used to fill the trench from top of
closure—See compression joint.
bedding to a designated height over the pipe.
cobble—a particle of rock that will pass a 12-in. (305-mm)
square opening and be retained on a 3-in. (76-mm) U.S.
backfill, unconsolidated—non-compacted material in place in
standard sieve.
the trench.
compaction—densification of soil by means of mechanical
barrel—the cylindrical portion of a vitrified clay pipe exclu-
manipulation.
sive of branches, spurs, joints, and handling rings or lugs.
compression coupling—See compression joint.
bearing strength—the non-destructive limit of pipe load, as
compression disk—a disk of compressible material placed
determinedby3-edgebearingtestmethod,usedtodetermine
between the ends of adjacent pipe for the purpose of
field supporting strength.
distributing the jacking force.
bedding—the materials, their placement, consolidation, and
compression joint—a joint designed so that a sealing action is
configuration, as designed to support, and to develop field
obtained by compressing elastomeric components.
supporting strength of vitrified clay pipe.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 on
Vitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.10 on
Editorial.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020. Published January 2020. Originally
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C896 – 17a. DOI:
10.1520/C0896-20E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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C896 − 20
conduit—a pipe for conveying fluid. haunch—the areas bordered by the barrel outside diameter, the
vertical tangents from the pipe springline and the horizontal
consolidation—the gradual reduction in volume of backfill
tangents from the bottom of the pipe. See detail:
matter to achieve stability.
constant weight—the condition of a substance in which all
volatile components have been vaporized, and repeated
exposure to a specified temperature, for any period of time,
causes no change in weight.
controlled low strength material (CLSM)—flowable low
compressive strength cementitious material used in the pipe
zone as a bedding material. Also referred to as controlled
density fill, flowable fill, slurry, or lean concrete.
crack—an irregular separation with well-defined sharp edges
visible on the surface of a pipe.
deadload—the load imposed on pipe, that is determined by
depth and width of the trench at top of pipe, as well as unit
weight and character of backfill material.
haunching—utilizing a shovel, spade, or other suitable tool to
place and consolidate the bedding material in the
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C896 − 20 C896 − 20
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Clay Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Editorially updated figure connected to the term “haunch” in December 2020.
1. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 ASTM Standards:
C301 Test Methods for Vitrified Clay Pipe
C700 Specification for Vitrified Clay Pipe, Extra Strength, Standard Strength, and Perforated
2. Terminology
approving authority—the individual official, board, department, or agency established and authorized by a state, county, city,
or other political subdivision, created by law to administer and enforce specified requirements.
backfill—all the material used to fill the trench from bedding to finished surface.
backfill, final—material used to fill the trench from initial backfill to finished surface.
backfill, initial—material used to fill the trench from top of bedding to a designated height over the pipe.
backfill, unconsolidated—non-compacted material in place in the trench.
barrel—the cylindrical portion of a vitrified clay pipe exclusive of branches, spurs, joints, and handling rings or lugs.
bearing strength—the non-destructive limit of pipe load, as determined by 3-edge bearing test method, used to determine field
supporting strength.
bedding—the materials, their placement, consolidation, and configuration, as designed to support, and to develop field
supporting strength of vitrified clay pipe.
bell—the flared-end portion of a vitrified clay pipe or fitting, designed to function in the joining of other such pipe.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 on Vitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C04.10 on Editorial.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2020. Published January 2020. Originally approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C896 – 17a. DOI:
10.1520/C0896-20.10.1520/C0896-20E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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C896 − 20
beveled pipe—a pipe with an end angled to mate with a complimentary pipe end or adjust to another surface.
blister—a convex, raised area on the pipe surface indicating an internal separation.
body—See pipe body.
boulder—a particle of rock that will not pass a 12-in. (305-mm) square opening.
chip—a small piece of broken-off material, or the location where a small piece of the unit material has been broken off.
clay—an earthy or stony mineral aggregate consisting essentially of hydrous silicates of alumina, plastic when sufficiently
pulverized and wetted, rigid when dry, and vitreous when fired to a sufficiently high temperature.
closure—See compression joint.
cobble—a particle of rock that will pass a 12-in. (305-mm) square opening and be retained on a 3-in. (76-mm) U.S. standard
sieve.
compaction—densification of soil by means of mechanical manipulation.
compression coupling—See compression joint.
compression disk—a disk of compressible material placed between the ends of adjacent pipe for the purpose of distributing the
jacking force.
compression joint—a joint designed so that a sealing action is obtained by compressing elastomeric components.
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C896 − 20
conduit—a pipe for conveying fluid.
consolidation—the gradual reduction in volume of backfill matter to achieve stability.
constant weight—the condition of a substance in which all volatile components have been vaporized, and repeated exposure
to a specified temperature, for any period of time, causes no change in weight.
controlled low strength material (CLSM)—flowable low compressive strength cementitious material used in the pipe zone as
a bedding material. Also referred to as controlled density fill, flowable fill, slurry, or lean concrete.
crack—an irregular separation with well-defined sharp edges visible on the surface of a pipe.
deadload—the load imposed on pipe, that is determined by depth and
...