ASTM D7483-21

Standard Test Method for Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic Viscosity of Liquids by Oscillating Piston Viscometer

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many petroleum products, as well as non-petroleum materials, are used as lubricants for bearings, gears, compressor cylinders, hydraulic equipment, etc. Proper operation of this equipment depends upon the viscosity of these liquids.  
5.2 Oscillating piston viscometers allow viscosity measurement of a broad range of materials including transparent, translucent and opaque liquids. The measurement principle and stainless steel construction makes the Oscillating Piston Viscometer resistant to damage and suitable for portable operations. The measurement itself is automatic and does not require an operator to time the oscillation of the piston. The electromagnetically driven piston mixes the sample while under test. The instrument requires a sample volume of less than 5 mL and typical solvent volume of less than 10 mL which minimizes cleanup effort and waste.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dynamic viscosity and derivation of kinematic viscosity of liquids, such as new and in-service lubricating oils, by means of an oscillating piston viscometer.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids; however the precision statement was developed using Newtonian liquids.  
1.3 The range of dynamic viscosity covered by this test method is from 0.2 mPa·s to 20 000 mPa·s (which is approximately the kinematic viscosity range of 0.2 mm2/s to 22 000 mm2/s for new oils) in the temperature range between –40 °C to 190 °C; however the precision has been determined only for new and used oils in the range of 34 mPa·s to 1150 mPa·s at 40 °C, 5.7 mPa·s to 131 mPa·s at 100 °C, and 46.5 mm2/s to 436 mm2/s at 40 °C.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2020
• ICS: 17.060 - Measurement of volume, mass, density, viscosity
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7483 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic
1
Viscosity of Liquids by Oscillating Piston Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7483; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dynamic
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
viscosity and derivation of kinematic viscosity of liquids, such
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
as new and in-service lubricating oils, by means of an
ity)
oscillating piston viscometer.
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers
1.2 This test method is applicable to Newtonian and non-
and Viscosity Oil Standards
Newtonian liquids; however the precision statement was de-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
veloped using Newtonian liquids.
Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.3 The range of dynamic viscosity covered by this test
Petroleum Products
method is from 0.2 mPa·s to 20 000 mPa·s (which is approxi-
2
D5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in
mately the kinematic viscosity range of 0.2 mm /s to
2
T-8 Diesel Engine
22 000 mm /s for new oils) in the temperature range between
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
–40 °C to 190 °C; however the precision has been determined
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products,
only for new and used oils in the range of 34 mPa·s to
Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
1150 mPa·s at 40 °C, 5.7 mPa·s to 131 mPa·s at 100 °C, and
2 2
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
46.5 mm /s to 436 mm /s at 40 °C.
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petro-
standard.
leum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing
Laboratories
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ISO/EC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4
2.3 NIST Standard:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
Expressing the Uncertainty of NISTMeasurement Results
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3. Terminology
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1 Definitions:
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.1.1 density, n—mass per unit volume.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of the ASTM website.
3
Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published January 2021. Originally la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D7483 – 20a. DOI: www.iso.ch.
4
10.1520/D7483-21. Available from http://physics.nist.gov/ccu/Uncertainty/index.html.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7483 − 21
FIG. 1 Viscometer with Electronics
3.1.2 dynamic viscosity (η), n—theratiobetweentheapplied travel times. This information is then applied to a calibration
shear stress and rate of shear of a liquid at a given temperature. curveusingliquidsofknownviscositytocalculatethedynamic
3.1.2.
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7483 − 20a D7483 − 21
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Dynamic Viscosity and Derived Kinematic
1
Viscosity of Liquids by Oscillating Piston Viscometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7483; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of dynamic viscosity and derivation of kinematic viscosity of liquids, such as new
and in-service lubricating oils, by means of an oscillating piston viscometer.
1.2 This test method is applicable to Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids; however the precision statement was developed using
Newtonian liquids.
1.3 The range of dynamic viscosity covered by this test method is from 0.2 mPa·s to 20 000 mPa·s (which is approximately the
2 2
kinematic viscosity range of 0.2 mm /s to 22 000 mm /s for new oils) in the temperature range between –40 °C to 190 °C; however
the precision has been determined only for new and used oils in the range of 34 mPa·s to 1150 mPa·s at 40 °C, 5.7 mPa·s to
2 2
131 mPa·s at 100 °C, and 46.5 mm /s to 436 mm /s at 40 °C.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D2162 Practice for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and
Lubricants
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2020Jan. 1, 2021. Published October 2020January 2021. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as
D7483 – 20.D7483 – 20a. DOI: 10.1520/D7483-20A.10.1520/D7483-21.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7483 − 21
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO/EC 17025 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories
4
2.3 NIST Standard:
NIST Technical Note 1297 Guideline for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 density, n—mass per unit volume at a specified temperature.volume.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
For common fuel and lubricant applications, density at atmospheric pressure is assumed. However, high pressure can impact
density.
3.1.2 dynamic viscosity (η), n—the ratio between the applied shear stress and rate of shear of a liquid at a given temperature.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—
It is sometimes c
...