ASTM D2711-01
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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An American National Standard
Designation: D 2711 – 01
Standard Test Method for
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Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2711; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping
and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability
of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for
5. Apparatus
use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
4
5.1 Stirrer, constructed from parts shown in Fig. 1 and Fig.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
2.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
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5.2 Special Graduated Separatory Funnel, as shown in
only.
Fig. 3.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.3 Heating Bath, sufficiently large and deep to permit the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
immersion of at least two test separatory funnels in the bath
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
liquid up to their 500-mL graduation mark. The bath shall be
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
capable of maintaining a temperature of 82 6 1°C (180 6 2°F)
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and shall be so equipped to hold the separatory funnels
2. Referenced Documents securely in a position so that the vertical axis of the stirrer
corresponds to the center line of the separatory funnel during
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2 the mixing of the oil and water.
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.4 Centrifuge, as described in Test Method D 1796.
D 1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
3 5.5 Centrifuge Tubes, long-form, 195 to 203 mm (8 in.) as
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
described in Fig. 1 of Test Method D 1796.
3. Summary of Test Method
6. Materials
3.1 For Oils That Do Not Contain Extreme Pressure (EP)
6.1 Cleaning Solvent—Any suitable solvent capable of
Additives—A 405-mL sample of the oil and 45 mL of distilled
cleaning and effectively removing any oil or fluid from the
water are stirred together for 5 min at 82°C (180°F) in a special
stirrer and graduated cylinder. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane has been
graduated separatory funnel. After a 5-h settling period follow-
found suitable for use in this test method. (Warning—
ing the stirring, a percentage of the water in the oil and the
1,1,1–Trichloroethane, Harmful if inhaled or swallowed. Eye
volumes of water and emulsion separating from the oil are
irritant. High concentration can cause unconsciousness or
measured and recorded.
death.)
3.2 For Oils That Contain Extreme Pressure (EP)
Additives—A 360-mL sample of the oil and 90 mL of distilled
NOTE 1—In cases in which the use of 1,1,1 trichloroethane is unac-
water are stirred together for 5 min at 82 °C (180 °F) in a
ceptable, some laboratories are using heptane or mineral spirits as
alternative solvents. The effect on the precision of this test method when
special graduated separatory funnel. After a 5-h settling period
using an alternate solvent has not been determined.
following the stirring, percentage of water in the oil and the
volumes of water and emulsion separating from the oil are
6.2 Water—Type II reagent grade water conforming to
measured and recorded.
Specification D 1193.
4. Significance and Use
7. Preparation of Apparatus
4.1 This test provides a guide for determining the demulsi-
7.1 Clean the graduated cylinder by removing any film of
bility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water
oil with cleaning solvent followed by a wash first with acetone
(Warning—Extremely flammable vapors may cause flash
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on fires.) and then with tap water. Rinse thoroughly with tap water
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
and then with reagent grade water.
D02.L on Industrial Lubricants.
Current edition approved August 10, 2001. Published September 2001. Origi-
nally published as D 2711 – 68 T. Last previous edition D 2711 – 99.
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01. Available from Research Appliance Co., Moose Lodge Rd., Dept. T, Cam-
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01. bridge, MD 21613.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 2711
FIG. 1 Stirrer
7.2 Clean the stirr
...
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