ASTM C1932-23

Standard Specification for Manufacture of Reinforced Precast Concrete End Sections for Pipe

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and acceptance of reinforced precast concrete end sections for pipe, herein referred to as “end section(s),” to conform to the owner's requirements.
Note 1: End sections include but are not limited to; flared end sections; sloped end sections; parallel end sections, precast end walls; precast headwalls; etc. (see Fig. 1 for examples); or as designated by the owner.
FIG. 1 Examples of Various Precast End Sections for Pipe
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
Note 2: This specification is a purchasing, manufacturing and acceptance specification and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill or installation. Care should be taken in assuring that the installation conforms to the project construction specifications.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2023
• ICS: 23.040.50 - Pipes and fittings of other materials
• Technical Committee: C13 - Concrete Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C13.05 - Special Projects

Relations

• Refers: ASTM A1064/A1064M-24 - Standard Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM C989/C989M-24 - Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM C39/C39M-23 - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Refers: ASTM C309-19 - Standard Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2019
• Refers: ASTM C150/C150M-19 - Standard Specification for Portland Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM A1064/A1064M-18 - Standard Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2018
• Refers: ASTM C822-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2018
• Refers: ASTM C989/C989M-17 - Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Refers: ASTM C618-17 - Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2017
• Refers: ASTM C39/C39M-17b - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2017
• Refers: ASTM C595/C595M-17 - Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2017
• Refers: ASTM A1064/A1064M-17 - Standard Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM C989/C989M-16e1 - Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
• Effective Date: 15-Dec-2016
• Refers: ASTM A1064/A1064M-16b - Standard Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2016
• Refers: ASTM C39/C39M-16b - Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2016

Overview

ASTM C1932-23 establishes the standard specification for the manufacture and acceptance of reinforced precast concrete end sections for pipe installations. These structures, commonly referred to as "end sections," encompass a variety of configurations such as flared end sections, sloped end sections, parallel end sections, end walls, and headwalls. This standard is essential for ensuring that precast concrete end sections meet the required strength, durability, and dimensional tolerances specified by project owners.

This specification applies to reinforced precast concrete end sections manufactured in accordance with the owner's requirements and uses inch-pound units as the standard measurement, with SI equivalents provided for informational purposes.

Key Topics

• Product Scope: Defines reinforced precast concrete end sections for use at the inlet or outlet ends of installed pipes. The standard covers the manufacturing, materials, acceptance, and quality requirements for these components.
• Materials Requirements: Specifies acceptance criteria for cement, aggregates, water, steel reinforcement, fiber reinforcement, and admixtures.
• Manufacturing: Outlines procedures for mixing, curing (steam, water, and membrane curing), and handling reinforced concrete to produce end sections that consistently meet compressive strength expectations.
• Physical Requirements: Addresses dimensional tolerances, minimum wall thickness, compressive strength, and reinforcement details. It includes requirements for repairs, marking, and inspection.
• Basis of Acceptance: Acceptance is determined by compressive strength testing, conformance to design data, material tests, and visual inspection for defects or damage.
• Quality Assurance: Emphasizes the need for compliance with safety, health, and environmental regulations, along with project-specific installation requirements.
• International Alignment: Developed according to World Trade Organization principles to facilitate global trade compliance and harmonized construction practices.

Applications

End sections manufactured under ASTM C1932-23 are widely used in civil engineering and construction projects, particularly for stormwater management and sewer systems. Key applications include:

• Storm Drainage: Used at the entrances and exits of culverts, storm drains, and sewer pipes to control water flow, reduce erosion, and provide structural reinforcement at transition points.
• Roadway Infrastructure: Essential for highway and municipal infrastructure projects where pre-fabricated, high-strength elements are required for quick installation and lasting performance.
• Land Development: Deployed in residential, commercial, and industrial developments to manage water runoff efficiently and ensure compliance with regulatory requirements.
• Municipal Utilities: Used in wastewater, potable water, and stormwater networks to create durable connections and transitions at critical points in the pipeline system.

Related Standards

The ASTM C1932-23 standard references several important ASTM standards to ensure comprehensive quality assurance in the manufacturing process, including:

• ASTM A615/A615M: Deformed and plain carbon-steel bars for concrete reinforcement
• ASTM A706/A706M: Low-alloy steel bars for concrete reinforcement
• ASTM A1064/A1064M: Carbon-steel wire and welded wire for reinforcement
• ASTM C33/C33M: Aggregates for concrete
• ASTM C150/C150M: Portland cement
• ASTM C309: Liquid membrane-forming compounds for curing concrete
• ASTM C494/C494M: Chemical admixtures for concrete
• ASTM C497/C497M: Test methods for concrete pipe and related products
• ASTM C595/C595M: Blended hydraulic cements
• ASTM D7508/D7508M: Polyolefin chopped strands for use in concrete

Practical Value

Adhering to ASTM C1932-23 ensures that reinforced precast concrete end sections are manufactured to high standards, delivering reliable, robust components for critical drainage and utility infrastructure. Precise requirements for materials, curing, reinforcement, and testing help project owners, engineers, and contractors achieve consistent quality, reduced installation times, and lower maintenance costs.

Keywords: ASTM C1932-23, reinforced precast concrete end sections, pipe end sections, flared end sections, concrete headwalls, storm drains, reinforced concrete specification, construction standards, civil engineering, pipe connections, culvert end sections, quality assurance, infrastructure.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1932 − 23
Standard Specification for
Manufacture of Reinforced Precast Concrete End Sections
for Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1932; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-
Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
1.1 This specification covers the manufacture and accep-
A820/A820M Specification for Steel Fibers for Fiber-
tance of reinforced precast concrete end sections for pipe,
Reinforced Concrete
herein referred to as “end section(s),” to conform to the
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and
owner’s requirements.
Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for
NOTE 1—End sections include but are not limited to; flared end
Concrete
sections; sloped end sections; parallel end sections, precast end walls;
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
precast headwalls; etc. (see Fig. 1 for examples); or as designated by the
C39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-
owner.
drical Concrete Specimens
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
for Concrete
and are not considered standard.
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Com-
NOTE 2—This specification is a purchasing, manufacturing and accep-
pounds for Curing Concrete
tance specification and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
or installation. Care should be taken in assuring that the installation
Concrete
conforms to the project construction specifications.
C497/C497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
Products
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Concrete and Mortars
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Use in Producing Flowing Concrete (Withdrawn 2022)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
C1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the
Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete
2. Referenced Documents
C1837 Specification for Production of Dry Cast Concrete
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Used for Manufacturing Pipe, Box, and Precast Structures
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-
D7508/D7508M Specification for Polyolefin Chopped
Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
Strands for Use in Concrete
3. Terminology
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
3.1 Definitions:
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.05 on Special
Projects. 3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2023. Published February 2023. DOI: 10.1520/
Terminology C822.
C1932-23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.ast-
the ASTM website. m.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1932 − 23
FIG. 1 Examples of Various Precast End Sections for Pipe
3.1.2 precast concrete end section, n—a reinforced precast 5.2 When mutually agreed in writing by the owner and the
concrete structure utilized at the inlet or outlet end of an manufacturer, a certification may be made on the basis of
installed pipe through the face of the slope. Reinforcement acceptance of the end section. This certification shall consist of
shall be comprised of any combination of steel wire, welded a statement by the manufacturer that the end section conforms
wire reinforcement, bars, and/or fibers of known strength. to the manufacturing design data and to this specification, and
that the concrete and materials have been sampled and tested
3.1.3 group of precast end sections, n—each day’s produc-
and conform to this specification.
tion run of precast end sections of a single concrete strength.
5.3 Age for Acceptance—End sections shall be considered
4. Basis of Acceptance of Design
ready for acceptance when they conform to the requirements of
4.1 Manufacturing Design Data—The manufacturer shall
this specification.
submit the following manufacturing data to the owner for
approval as required.
6. Material
4.1.1 End section geometry, dimensions (that is, length,
6.1 Reinforced Concrete—The reinforced concrete shall
width, height), weight and wall thickness.
consist of cementitious materials; mineral aggregates;
4.1.2 Concrete strength.
admixtures, if used; and water in which steel reinforcement
4.1.3 Steel Reinforcement:
and/or fiber reinforcement has been embedded in such a
4.1.3.1 Applicable steel reinforcement specification(s),
manner that the reinforcement and concrete act together.
4.1.3.2 Design yield strength(s),
6.2 Cementitious Material:
4.1.3.3 Placement and design concrete cover,
6.2.1 Cement—Cement shall conform to the requirements
4.1.3.4 Cross-sectional diameters,
4.1.3.5 Spacing, for portland cement of Specification C150/C150M or shall be
Portland-blast-furnace slag cement, Portland-limestone
4.1.3.6 Cross-sectional area,
4.1.3.7 Description of longitudinal members. cement, or Portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the re-
quirements of Specification C595/C595M, except that the
4.1.4 Fiber Reinforcement:
4.1.4.1 Type, pozzolan constituent in the Type IP Portland-pozzolan cement
shall be fly ash.
4.1.4.2 Applicable reinforcement specification(s),
4.1.4.3 Grade 6.2.2 Slag Cement—Slag cement shall conform to the re-
4.1.4.4 Amount of fiber used in pounds per cubic yard. quirements of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.
4.1.5 Joint information if provided.
6.2.3 Fly Ash—Fly ash shall conform to the requirements of
4.1.6 Manufacturing and curing process. Specification C618, Class F or Class C.
6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious Materials—
4.2 Minimum End Section Requirements:
The combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete
(a) Minimum concrete compressive strength, f’ = 4,000
c
shall be one of the following:
psi. (27.6 MPa).
6.2.4.1 Portland cement only.
(b) Minimum reinforcement for temperature and shrinkage.
6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only.
(c) Minimum reinforcement to safely handle at least 2
6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only.
times the end section weight.
6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only,
5. Basis of Acceptance of Precast Concrete End Sections
6.2.4.5 A combination of Portland cement or Portland-
limestone cement and slag cement.
5.1 Acceptance of end sections shall be on the basis of
6.2.4.6 A combination of Portland cement or Portland-
concrete compression tests, materials tests, conformance to the
manufacturing design data, conformance to this specification, limestone cement and fly ash.
owner’s requirements and visual inspection of manufactured 6.2.4.7 A combination of Portland cement or Portland-
end sections for defects and imperfections. limestone cement, slag cement, and fly ash, or
C1932 − 23
6.2.4.8 A combination of Portland-pozzolan cement and fly 8.2.2 Water Curing—End sections may be water-cured by
ash. covering with water saturated material or by a system of
perforated pipes, mechanical sprinklers, porous hose, or by any
6.3 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the require-
other approved method that will keep the end sections moist
ments of Specification C33/C33M, except that the requirement
during the specified curing period.
for gradation shall not apply.
8.2.3 Membrane Curing—A sealing membrane conforming
6.4 Admixtures—The following admixtures and blends are
to the requirements of Specification C309 may be applied and
allowable:
should be left intact until the required concrete compressive
6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to Specification
strength is obtained. The concrete at the time of application
C260/C260M;
shall be within 10°F (–12.2°C) of the atmospheric temperature.
6.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to Specification
All surfaces shall be kept moist prior to the application of the
C494/C494M;
compounds and shall be damp when the membrane is applied.
6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowing
8.2.4 The manufacturer is not prohibited from combining
concrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and
the methods described in 8.2.1 and 8.2.3 provided the specified
6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.
strength is attained.
6.5 Steel Reinforcement—Steel reinforcement shall consist
8.3 Forms—The forms used in manufacture shall be suffi-
of wire and welded wire conforming to Specification A1064/
ciently rigid and accurate to maintain the end section dimen-
A1064M; or of bars conforming to Specifications A615/
sions within the permissible variations given in Section 11. All
A615M, Grade 40 [280] or 60 [420], or A706/A706M, Grade
casting surfaces shall be smooth and nonporous.
60 [420]; or combination thereof.
8.4 Handling—Handling devices, inserts, anchors or holes
6.6 Fiber Reinforcement—Fiber reinforcement shall consist
are permitted in each precast section for the purpose of
of synthetic fibers conforming to D7508/D7508M; or non-
handling and installing.
synthetic fiber conforming to A820/A820M; or combination
thereof.
9. Reinforcement
6.7 Water—Water used in the production of concrete shall
9.1 Reinforcement for end sections shall consist of steel
be potable or non-potable water that meets the requirements of
reinforcement or fiber reinforcement or combination thereof.
Specification C1602/C1602M.
9.2 Steel Reinforcement:
9.2.1 This section presents requirements for reinforcement
7. Joints and Connections
cover, continuity, laps, welds and splices. Other reinforcement
7.1 The joint or connection of the end section shall be
requirements are presented in Section 6.
compatible with the pipe system. The joint or connection of the
9.2.2 Cover—The exposure of the ends of reinforcement,
end section shall be designed and formed within the permis-
ties, chairs or spacers used to position the steel reinforcement
sible variation given in Section 11 so that the end section can
during placement of the concrete shall not be a cause of
be installed or connected to the pipe.
rejection.
9.2.3 Reinforcement placement and concrete cover from the
8. Manufacture
inner or outer surface shall conform to the approved manuf
...