ASTM C118/C118M-24

Standard Specification for Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the specification for the nonreinforced concrete pipe to be used for the conveyance of irrigation water with working pressures, including hydraulic transients, and for use in drainage. The design, joint, and concrete mixture of the pipe is detailed. The acceptability of the pipe shall be determined by the results of the tests prescribed in this specification, such as external load test, absorption test, and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers nonreinforced concrete pipe to be used for the conveyance of irrigation water with working pressures, including hydraulic transients, as shown in Table 1 and for use in drainage.  
1.2 The values stated in either imperial or metric units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the metric units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values may result in nonconformance with the specification.
Note 1: This specification is for manufacturing and purchase only and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, installation, or field repairs. The owner is cautioned that he must correlate field conditions with the characteristics of the pipe specified and provide inspection during installation.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2023
• ICS: 23.040.05 - Pipeline and its parts for external sewage systems
• ICS: 23.040.50 - Pipes and fittings of other materials
• Technical Committee: C13 - Concrete Pipe
• Drafting Committee: C13.01 - Non-Reinforced Concrete Sewer, Drain and Irrigation Pipe

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C118M-19 - Standard Specification for Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage (Metric) (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 17-Jan-2024
• Replaces: ASTM C118-19 - Standard Specification for Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2024
• Refers: ASTM C989/C989M-24 - Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM C989/C989M-22 - Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2022

Overview

ASTM C118/C118M-24 – Standard Specification for Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage defines the manufacturing and acceptance criteria for nonreinforced concrete pipes used in the conveyance of irrigation water, including applications under working and transient pressures, as well as for drainage systems. This internationally recognized standard specifies requirements for design, joints, material components, physical properties, and testing, ensuring that concrete pipe products reliably meet the needs of both irrigation and drainage infrastructures.

Key objectives of ASTM C118/C118M-24 include establishing uniform criteria for pipe dimensions, material properties, quality control tests, and permissible variations-facilitating the construction of safe, durable, and efficient water management systems.

Key Topics

• Scope and Purpose

  • Specifies nonreinforced concrete pipe for both pressurized irrigation water and drainage
  • Applies to manufacturing and purchase, not installation or field repair procedures
  • Supports both imperial and metric units for international applicability

• Design and Material Requirements

  • Detailed dimensions for pipe diameters, wall thickness, and minimum strength ratings
  • Materials used must meet referenced ASTM standards for aggregates, cementitious materials, admixtures, and water
  • Joints designed for watertight continuity and structural compatibility

• Testing and Acceptance

  • Acceptance determined by three major tests:
    • Three-edge-bearing load test: Measures pipe structural strength
    • Absorption test: Ensures low water absorption for durability
    • Hydrostatic test: Confirms resistance to internal water pressure with minimal leakage
  • Pipe must also comply with inspection standards for surface quality and dimensional tolerances

• Classification and Marking

  • Products classified as standard concrete irrigation pipe, standard drainage pipe, or heavy-duty drainage pipe
  • Heavy-duty pipes are marked with the letter "H" for easy identification

Applications

ASTM C118/C118M-24-compliant concrete pipes are employed in a range of civil engineering and agricultural settings, providing key advantages for:

• Irrigation systems:

  • Transports water under steady or variable pressures across farmland
  • Designed for performance under hydraulic transients, ensuring reliability in demanding operating conditions

• Drainage infrastructure:

  • Manages stormwater and surface flows, preventing flooding and erosion
  • Used in agricultural drainage, culverts, roadway edge drains, and field tile systems

• Municipal and land development:

  • Essential in public works projects that require robust water conveyance infrastructure
  • Offers standardized, cost-effective solutions for both new construction and retrofitting

Compliance with ASTM C118/C118M-24 provides assurance of product quality and long-term performance across varying environmental and service conditions.

Related Standards

For complete design and construction, the following related ASTM standards are frequently referenced alongside ASTM C118/C118M-24:

• ASTM C33/C33M: Specification for Concrete Aggregates
• ASTM C150/C150M: Specification for Portland Cement
• ASTM C260/C260M: Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures
• ASTM C494/C494M: Specification for Chemical Admixtures
• ASTM C497/C497M: Test Methods for Concrete Pipe and Related Products
• ASTM C595/C595M: Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
• ASTM C618: Specification for Pozzolans
• ASTM C822: Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe
• ASTM C989/C989M: Specification for Slag Cement
• ASTM C1602/C1602M: Mixing Water Used in Concrete Production

Using ASTM standards ensures alignment with industry best practices, quality assurance, and regulatory compliance for concrete pipe products used in irrigation and drainage applications.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C118/C118M − 24
Standard Specification for
Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C118/C118M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box
Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
1.1 This specification covers nonreinforced concrete pipe to
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
be used for the conveyance of irrigation water with working
C618 Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined
pressures, including hydraulic transients, as shown in Table 1
Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
and for use in drainage.
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related
1.2 The values stated in either imperial or metric units are to
Products
be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the metric
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in
units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system
Concrete and Mortars
are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
independently of the other. Combining values may result in 3
Use in Producing Flowing Concrete (Withdrawn 2022)
nonconformance with the specification.
C1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
C1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the
NOTE 1—This specification is for manufacturing and purchase only and
does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, installation, or field Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete
repairs. The owner is cautioned that he must correlate field conditions with
the characteristics of the pipe specified and provide inspection during
3. Terminology
installation.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete
1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-
pipe, see Terminology C822.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4. Classification
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shall
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
be known as “ASTM Standard Concrete Irrigation Pipe,”
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
“ASTM Standard Concrete Drainage Pipe,” or “ASTM Heavy-
Duty Concrete Drainage Pipe.”
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Basis of Acceptance
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
5.1 The acceptability of the pipe shall be determined by the
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
results of the tests prescribed in this specification, if and when
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures
required and by inspection to determine whether the pipe
for Concrete
conforms to this specification as to design and freedom from
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for
defects.
Concrete
C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box
6. Materials
Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
6.1 Concrete—The concrete shall consist of cementitious
materials, mineral aggregates, admixture, if used, and water.
6.2 Cementitious Materials:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on
6.2.1 Cement—Cement shall conform to the requirements
Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.01 on
Non-Reinforced Concrete Sewer, Drain and Irrigation Pipe.
for portland cement of Specification C150/C150M or shall be
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2024. Published January 2024. Originally
portland blast-furnace slag cement, portland-limestone cement,
approved in 1935. Last previous edition approved in 2019 as C118 – 19. DOI:
or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements
10.1520/C0118_C0118M-24.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C118/C118M − 24
TABLE 1 Standard Dimensions, Working Pressure, and Test
pipe as a nonstructural manufacturing material. Synthetic fibers
A
Requirements for Standard Concrete Irrigation Pipe
(Type II and Type III) and nonsynthetic fiber (Type 1) designed
Minimum Minimum
and manufactured specifically for use in concrete and conform-
Internal Thickness
Internal Three-Edge-Bearing
Working
Designated of Wall,
B ing to the requirements of Specification C1116/C1116M shall
Hydrostatic Load, lbf/linear ft
Pressure,
Diameter, in. T, in.
ft [kPa]
Test Pressure, [kN/linear m]
be accepted.
[mm] [mm]
psi [kPa]
6.6 Water—Water used in the production of concrete shall
6 [150] ⁄8 [22] 30 [90] 50 [345] 1300 [19.0]
be potable or nonpotable water that meets the requirements of
8 [200] 1 [25] 30 [90] 50 [345] 1350 [19.5]
10 [250] 1 ⁄8 [29] 30 [90] 50 [345] 1400 [20.5]
Specification C1602/C1602M.
12 [300] 1 ⁄4 [32] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1500 [22.0]
14 [350] 1 ⁄8 [35] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1600 [23.5]
7. Design
15 [375] 1 ⁄2 [38] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1650 [24.0]
16 [400] 1 ⁄2 [38] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1700 [25.0]
7.1 Design Tables—Design requirements shall be in accor-
18 [450] 1 ⁄4 [44] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1800 [26.5]
dance with Table 1 for standard concrete irrigation pipe or with
20 [500] 2 [50] 25 [75] 40 [275] 1850 [27.0]
21 [525] 2 ⁄8 [54] 25 [75] 40 [275] 1900 [27.5]
the applicable part of Table 2 for concrete drainage pipe. Wall
24 [600] 2 ⁄4 [57] 25 [75] 40 [275] 2000 [29.0]
thicknesses used shall be not less than the values shown, except
A
For hydrostatic test requirements, refer to 10.5.
as affected by the tolerances herein specified and by the
B
Higher working pressures are not prohibited up to a maximum of 40 ft [120 kPa]
provision for alternative design.
for 6-in. [150-mm] through 8-in. [200-mm] diameters, 35 ft [105 kPa] for 10-in.
[250-mm] through 12-in. [300-mm] diameters, and 30 ft [90 kPa] for 14-in.
7.2 Modified Design—Manufacturers shall submit to the
[350-mm] through 24-in. [600-mm] diameters. In these cases, the strength of the
owner for approval prior to manufacture, wall thicknesses
pipe shall be increased to give a minimum of at least four times the design working
pressure when tested as specified in 10.5.
other than those shown in Table 1 or Table 2. Such pipe shall
meet all of the test and performance requirements specified by
the owner in accordance with Section 10.
of Specification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan con-
7.3 Laying Lengths—Unless otherwise specified by the
stituent in the Type IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be fly
owner when calling for bids, maximum lengths of individual
ash.
units of drainage pipe shall not exceed 30 in. [750 mm] for
6.2.2 Fly Ash—Fly ash shall conform to the requirements of
sizes 4 in. [100 mm] through 6 in. [150 mm], 36 in. [900 mm]
Specification C618, Class F or Class C.
for sizes 8 in. [200 mm] through 15 in. [375 mm], and 48 in.
6.2.3 Slag Cement—Slag cement shall conform to the re-
[1200 mm] for larger sizes.
quirements of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.
6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious Materials— 8. Joints
The combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete
8.1 The joints of both irrigation and drainage pipe shall be
shall be one of the following:
of such design and the ends of the concrete pipe sections so
6.2.4.1 Portland cement only;
formed that the pipe can be laid together to make a continuous
6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only;
line of pipe compatible with the permissible variations given in
6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only;
Section 11.
6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only;
8.1.1 The joints of concrete drain tile shall conform to 8.1
6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-
without the use of mortar or other jointing material and allow
limestone cement and fly ash;
water to enter without permitting the entrance of deleterious
6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-
amounts of solids.
limestone cement and slag cement;
6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-
TABLE 2 Physical Test Requirements for Standard and Heavy-
limestone cement, fly ash and slag cement; or A
Duty Concrete Drainage Pipe
6.2.4.8 A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and fly
Standard Drainage Pipe Heavy-Duty Drainage Pipe
ash.
Minimum Minimum
Internal
Thickness Three-Edge- Thickness Three-Edge-
Designate Diameter,
6.3 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the require-
of Wall, Bearing Load, lbf/ of Wall, Bearin Load,
in. [mm]
ments of Specification C33/C33M, except that the require-
in. [mm] linear ft [kN/linear in. [mm] lbf/linear ft [kN/
m] linear m]
ments for gradation shall not apply.
3 3
4 [100] ⁄4 [19] 1200 [17.5] ⁄4 [19] 1400 [20.5]
6.4 Admixtures—The following admixtures and blends are
3 3
5 [125] ⁄4 [19] 1250 [18.0] ⁄4 [19] 1400 [20.5]
7 7
allowable: 6 [150] ⁄8 [22] 1300 [19.0] ⁄8 [22] 1400 [20.5]
8 [200] 1 [25] 1350 [19.5] 1 [25] 1500 [22.0]
6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to Specification
1 1
10 [250] 1 ⁄8 [29] 1400 [20.5] 1 ⁄8 [29] 1550 [22.5]
C260/C260M.
1 1
12 [300] 1 ⁄4 [32] 1500 [22.0] 1 ⁄4 [32] 1700 [25.0]
3 1
6.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to Specification
14 [350] 1 ⁄8 [35] 1600 [23.5] 1 ⁄2 [38] 1850 [27.0]
1 1
15 [375] 1 ⁄2 [38] 1650 [24.0] 1 ⁄2 [38] 1980 [29.0]
C494/C494M;
1 5
16 [400] 1 ⁄2 [38] 1700 [25.0] 1 ⁄8 [41] 2100 [30.5]
6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowing
18 [450] 1 ⁄4 [44] 1800 [26.5] 2 [50] 2340 [34.0]
concrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and 20 [500] 2 [50] 1850 [27.0] 2 ⁄4 [57] 2500 [36.5]
1 1
21 [525] 2 ⁄8 [54] 1900 [27.5] 2 ⁄4 [57] 2680 [39.0]
6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.
1 1
24 [600] 2 ⁄4 [57] 2000 [29.0] 2 ⁄2 [63] 3000 [44.0]
6.5 Fibers—Synthetic fibers and nonsynthetic fibers shall
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C118 − 19 C118/C118M − 24
Standard Specification for
Concrete Pipe for Irrigation or Drainage
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C118;C118/C118M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*Scope
1.1 This specification covers nonreinforced concrete pipe to be used for the conveyance of irrigation water with working pressures,
including hydraulic transients, as shown in Table 1 and for use in drainage.
1.2 A complete SI companion to SpecificationThe values stated in either imperial or metric units are to be C118 has been
developed—regarded separately as standard.C118M; therefore, no SI equivalents are presented in this specification. Within the text
the metric units are shown in brackets. The
NOTE 1—This specification is for manufacturing and purchase only and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, installation, or field repairs.
The owner is cautioned that he must correlate field conditions with the characteristics of the pipe specified and provide inspection during
installation.values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other.
Combining values may result in nonconformance with the specification.
NOTE 1—This specification is for manufacturing and purchase only and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, installation, or field repairs.
The owner is cautioned that he must correlate field conditions with the characteristics of the pipe specified and provide inspection during installation.
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C497 Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile
C497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.01 on Non-Reinforced
Concrete Sewer, Drain and Irrigation Pipe.
Current edition approved July 15, 2019Jan. 1, 2024. Published July 2019January 2024. Originally approved in 1935. Last previous edition approved in 20152019 as
C118 – 15.C118 – 19. DOI: 10.1520/C0118-19.10.1520/C0118_C0118M-24.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C118/C118M − 24
TABLE 1 Standard Dimensions, Working Pressure, and Test
A
Requirements for Standard Concrete Irrigation Pipe
Minimum Minimum
Internal Thickness
Internal Three-Edge-Bearing
Working
Designated of Wall,
B
Hydrostatic Load, lbf/linear ft
Pressure,
Diameter, in. T, in.
ft [kPa] Test Pressure, [kN/linear m]
[mm] [mm]
psi [kPa]
6 [150] ⁄8 [22] 30 [90] 50 [345] 1300 [19.0]
8 [200] 1 [25] 30 [90] 50 [345] 1350 [19.5]
10 [250] 1 ⁄8 [29] 30 [90] 50 [345] 1400 [20.5]
12 [300] 1 ⁄4 [32] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1500 [22.0]
14 [350] 1 ⁄8 [35] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1600 [23.5]
15 [375] 1 ⁄2 [38] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1650 [24.0]
16 [400] 1 ⁄2 [38] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1700 [25.0]
18 [450] 1 ⁄4 [44] 25 [75] 45 [310] 1800 [26.5]
20 [500] 2 [50] 25 [75] 40 [275] 1850 [27.0]
21 [525] 2 ⁄8 [54] 25 [75] 40 [275] 1900 [27.5]
24 [600] 2 ⁄4 [57] 25 [75] 40 [275] 2000 [29.0]
A
For hydrostatic test requirements, refer to 10.5.
B
Higher working pressures are not prohibited up to a maximum of 40 ft for 6
through 8-in. [120 kPa] for 6-in. [150-mm] through 8-in. [200-mm] diameters, 35 ft
for 10 through 12-in. [105 kPa] for 10-in. [250-mm] through 12-in. [300-mm]
diameters, and 30 ft [90 kPa] for 14-in. [350-mm] through 24-in. [600-mm]
diameters. In these cases, the strength of the pipe shall be increased to give a
minimum of at least four times the design working pressure when tested as
specified in 10.5.
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing Concrete (Withdrawn 2022)
C1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
C1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. Classification
4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shall be known as “ASTM Standard Concrete Irrigation Pipe,” “ASTM
Standard Concrete Drainage Pipe,” or “ASTM Heavy-Duty Concrete Drainage Pipe.”
5. Basis of Acceptance
5.1 The acceptability of the pipe shall be determined by the results of the tests prescribed in this specification, if and when required
and by inspection to determine whether the pipe conforms to this specification as to design and freedom from defects.
6. Materials
6.1 Concrete—The concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, admixture, if used, and water.
6.2 Cementitious Materials:
6.2.1 Cement—Cement shall conform to the requirements for portland cement of Specification C150/C150M or shall be portland
blast-furnace slag cement, portland-limestone cement, or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements of
Specification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.
6.2.2 Fly Ash—Fly ash shall conform to the requirements of Specification C618, Class F or Class C.
6.2.3 Slag Cement—Slag cement shall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
C118/C118M − 24
6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious Materials—The combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall
be one of the following:
6.2.4.1 Portland cement only;
6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only;
6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only;
6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only;
6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and fly ash;
6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and slag cement;
6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement, fly ash and slag cement; or
6.2.4.8 A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and fly ash.
6.3 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the requirements of Specification C33/C33M, except that the requirements for
gradation shall not apply.
6.4 Admixtures—The following admixtures and blends are allowable:
6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to Specification C260/C260M.
6.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to Specification C494/C494M;
6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowing concrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and
6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.
6.5 Fibers—Synthetic fibers and nonsynthetic fibers shall be allowed to be used, at the manufacturer’s option, in concrete pipe as
a nonstructural manufacturing material. Synthetic fibers (Type II and Type III) and nonsynthetic fiber (Type 1) designed and
manufactured specifically for use in concrete and conforming to the requirements of Specification C1116/C1116M shall be
accepted.
6.6 Water—Water used in the production of concrete shall be potable or nonpotable water that meets the requirements of
Specification C1602/C1602M.
7. Design
7.1 Design Tables—Design requirements shall be in accordance with Table 1 for standard concrete irrigation pipe or with the
applicable part of Table 2 for concrete drainage pipe. Wall thicknesses used shall be not less than the values shown, except as
affected by the tolerances herein specified and by the provision for alternative design.
7.2 Modified Design—Manufacturers shall submit to the owner for approval prior to manufacture, wall thicknesses other than
those shown in Table 1 or Table 2. Such pipe shall meet all of the test and performance requirements specified by the owner in
accordance with Section 10.
7.3 Laying Lengths—Unless otherwise specified by the owner when calling for bids, maximum lengths of individual units of
drainage pipe shall not exceed 30 in. [750 mm] for sizes 4 in. [100 mm] through 6 in., in. [150 mm], 36 in. [900 mm] for sizes
8 in. [200 mm] through 15 in., in. [375 mm], and 48 in. [1200 mm] for larger sizes.
C118/C118M − 24
TABLE 2 Physical Test Requirements for Standard and Heavy-
A
Duty Concrete Drainage Pipe
Standard Drainage Pipe Heavy-Duty Drainage Pipe
Internal
Minimum Minimum
Thickness Thickness
Designated Diameter,
Three-Edge- Three-Edge-
of Wall, of Wall,
in.
Bearing Load, lbf/ Bearing Load,
in. in.
linear ft lbf/linear ft
3 3
4 ⁄4 1200 ⁄4 1400
3 3
5 ⁄4 1250 ⁄4 1400
7 7
6 ⁄8 1300 ⁄8 1400
8 1 1350 1 1500
1 1
10 1 ⁄8 1400 1 ⁄8 1550
1 1
12 1 ⁄4 1500 1 ⁄4 1700
3 1
14 1 ⁄8 1600 1 ⁄2 1850
1 1
15 1 ⁄2 1650 1 ⁄2 1980
1 5
16 1 ⁄2 1700 1 ⁄8 2100
18 1 ⁄4 1800 2 2340
20 2 1850 2 ⁄4 2500
1 1
21 2 ⁄8 1900 2 ⁄4 2680
1 1
24 2 ⁄4 2000 2 ⁄2 3000
TABLE 2 Physical Test Requirements for Standard and Heavy-
A
Duty Concrete Drainage Pipe
Standard Drainage Pipe Heavy-Duty Drainage Pipe
Minimum Minimum
Internal
Thickness Three-Edge- Thickness Three-Edge-
Designate Diameter,
of Wall, Bearing Load, lbf/ of Wall, Bearin Load,
in. [mm]
in. [mm] linear ft [kN/linear in. [mm] lbf/linear ft [kN/
m] linear m]
3 3
4 [100] ⁄4 [19] 1200 [17.5] ⁄4 [19] 1400 [20.5]
3 3
5 [125] ⁄4 [19] 1250 [18.0] ⁄4 [19] 1400 [20.5]
7 7
6 [150] ⁄8 [22] 1300 [19.0] ⁄8 [22] 1400 [20.5]
8 [200] 1 [25] 1350 [19.5] 1 [25] 1500 [22.0]
1 1
10 [250] 1 ⁄8 [29] 1400 [20.5] 1 ⁄8 [29] 1550 [22.5]
1 1
12 [300] 1 ⁄4 [32] 1500 [22.0] 1 ⁄4 [32] 1700 [25.0]
3 1
14 [350] 1 ⁄8 [35] 1600 [23.5] 1 ⁄2 [38] 1850 [27.0]
1 1
15 [375] 1 ⁄2 [38] 1650 [24.0] 1 ⁄2 [38] 1980 [29.0]
1 5
16 [400] 1 ⁄2 [38] 1700 [25.0] 1 ⁄8 [41] 2100 [30.5]
18 [450] 1 ⁄4
...