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ASTM D6186-08(2013)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)

Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Oxidation induction time, as determined under the conditions of this test method, may be used as an indication of oxidation stability.2 This test method is faster than other oil oxidation tests and requires a very small amount of sample. It may be used for research and development, quality control, and specification purposes. However, no correlation has been established between the results of this test method and service performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oxidation induction time of lubricating oils subjected to oxygen at 3.5 MPa (500 psig) and temperatures between 130 and 210°C.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—Pressure measurement appears in MPa with psig provided in parentheses for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2013
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.09.0D - Oxidation of Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D6186-08 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2013
Replaced By
ASTM D6186-19 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)
Effective Date
01-Jul-2019
Referred By
ASTM D7155-20 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Turbine Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
01-Dec-2013
Referred By
ASTM E2046-19 - Standard Test Method for Reaction Induction Time by Thermal Analysis
Effective Date
01-Dec-2013
Referred By
ASTM E2070-13(2018) - Standard Test Methods for Kinetic Parameters by Differential Scanning Calorimetry Using Isothermal Methods
Effective Date
01-Dec-2013
Referred By
ASTM E2744-21 - Standard Test Method for Pressure Calibration of Thermal Analyzers
Effective Date
01-Dec-2013
Referred By
ASTM E1858-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Oxidation Induction Time of Hydrocarbons by Differential Scanning Calorimetry
Effective Date
01-Dec-2013

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ASTM D6186-08(2013) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)ASTM D6186-08(2013) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)
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ASTM D6186-08(2013) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6186 − 08 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Induction Time of Lubricating Oils by Pressure
1
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (PDSC)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6186; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope reported as the oxidation induction time for the lubricating oil
at the specified test temperature.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of oxidation
induction time of lubricating oils subjected to oxygen at 3.5
4. Significance and Use
MPa (500 psig) and temperatures between 130 and 210°C.
4.1 Oxidation induction time, as determined under the
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
conditions of this test method, may be used as an indication of
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
2
oxidation stability. This test method is faster than other oil
standard.
oxidation tests and requires a very small amount of sample. It
1.2.1 Exception—Pressure measurement appears in MPa
maybeusedforresearchanddevelopment,qualitycontrol,and
with psig provided in parentheses for information only.
specification purposes. However, no correlation has been
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
established between the results of this test method and service
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
performance.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5. Apparatus
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimeter (PDSC),
equipped with the following items:
2. Terminology
5.1.1 Sample Enclosure, with capability to 3.5 6 0.2 MPa
2.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
(500 6 25 psig) at 210°C and pressure gauge graduated at
2.1.1 extrapolated onset time, n—a time determined on a
intervals of 200 KPa (28.6 psig) or less.
thermal curve, as the intersection of the extrapolated baseline
5.1.2 Thermal Analyzer.
and a line tangent to the oxidation exotherm constructed at its
5.1.3 Aluminum Solid Fat Index (SFI) Sample Pan—See
maximum rate.
Note 1.
2.1.2 oxidation induction time, (OIT), n— a period of time
5.1.4 Oxidation Stability Software.
during which the oxidation rate accelerates from zero to a
5.1.5 Calibration Software.
maximum and which corresponds to the extrapolated onset
5.1.6 Calibrated Flowmeter, with a capacity of at least 200
time.
mL/min and graduated in intervals of 5 mL or less.
5.1.7 Sample Encapsulation Press.
2.1.3 thermal curve, n—a graph of sample heat flow versus
time.
NOTE 1—It has been found that when oil samples are prepared with SFI
pans which have more consistent surface areas than standard flat bottom
3. Summary of Test Method
pans, reproducibility is improved.
NOTE 2—Stainless steel or copper tubing is compatible with oxygen.
3.1 Asmall quantity of oil is weighed into a sample pan and
NOTE 3—See Fig. 1 for a diagram of a typical test unit.
placed in a test cell. The cell is heated to a specified
temperature and then pressurized with oxygen. The cell is held
6. Reagents and Materials
at a regulated temperature and pressure until an exothermic
6.1 Oxygen, a minimum purity of 99.5 % oxygen by vol-
reaction occurs. The extrapolated onset time is measured and
ume. (Warning—Oxidizer. Gas under pressure. )
6.2 Indium, of not less than 99.9 % indium by mass.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.09.0D on Oxidation of Lubricants.
2
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2013. Published December 2013. Originally Rhee, In-Sik, “Development of New Oxidation Stability Test Method for
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6186 – 08. DOI: Lubricating Oils Using a Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimeter (PDSC),”
10.1520/D6186-08R13. NLGI Spokesman, Vol 65, No. 3, June 2001, pp. 16–23.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6186 − 08 (2013)
FIG. 1 PDSC Test Unit
7. Calibration
FIG. 2 Calibration Curve for PDSC
7.1 Sample Temperature Calibration:
7.1.1 Weigh approximately 10 mg of indium into an alumi-
num sample pan, insert a lid and crimp the lid to the pan using
ment does not have this function, the control calibration shall
the encapsulation press. Place the crimped pan onto the sample
be followed according to the equipment manufacturer’s
...

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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    9 pages
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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    8 pages
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  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
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