ASTM C322-09(2014)

Standard Practice for Sampling Ceramic Whiteware Clays

ABSTRACT
This practice covers procedures for sampling bulk and bagged ceramic whiteware clays. For bulk shipment consisting lumps, samples shall be taken from different parts of the rail car or truck during unloading. Sampling of hopper car or hopper truck shipments is to be done during unloading of the car or truck. For bulk shipment consisting shredded or coarsely ground clay, samples may be taken with a shovel, or with a grain sampler. For bagged lots of ground or air-floated clay, samples may be taken by a grain-sampler or similar sampling instrument. For a clay shipped in slurry form, a sample may be obtained by taking a single grab sample from any portion of the shipment except by skimming the top surface.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
2.1 Since many tests are performed using very small amounts of powder, it is most important that the test portions be obtained in a standardized manner. The practices described here take into account the possibility of segregation and variability of the ceramic powder in containers of the various sizes and numbers, both in dry and slurry forms.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling bulk and bagged shipments of ceramic whiteware clays.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2014
• ICS: 91.100.25 - Terracotta building products
• Technical Committee: C21 - Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products
• Drafting Committee: C21.04 - Raw Materials

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C322-09 - Standard Practice for Sampling Ceramic Whiteware Clays
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM C371-09(2018) - Standard Test Method for Wire-Cloth Sieve Analysis of Nonplastic Ceramic Powders
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM E2651-19 - Standard Guide for Powder Particle Size Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM C324-01(2022)e1 - Standard Test Method for Free Moisture in Ceramic Whiteware Clays
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM C323-56(2016) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Ceramic Whiteware Clays (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM C325-07(2022) - Standard Guide for Wet Sieve Analysis of Ceramic Whiteware Clays
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM C689-09(2019) - Standard Test Method for Modulus of Rupture of Unfired Clays
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014
• Referred By: ASTM E2834-12(2022) - Standard Guide for Measurement of Particle Size Distribution of Nanomaterials in Suspension by Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2014

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C322 − 09 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Sampling Ceramic Whiteware Clays
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* composite lot, by turning with a shovel on a clean floor. The
composite shall then be quartered or riffled to provide a 10-lb
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling bulk and
laboratory sample.
bagged shipments of ceramic whiteware clays.
3.2 Sampling of hopper car or hopper truck shipments is to
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
be done during unloading of the car or truck.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.3 Where a bulk shipment consists of shredded or coarsely
and are not considered standard.
ground clay, sampling shall be done at 20 points for a 30-ton
(27-Mg) unit; the samples may be taken with a shovel, or with
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
a grain sampler, if the form of the clay permits. The samples so
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
taken shall then be mixed thoroughly, and quartered or riffled
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to form a 10-lb (4.5–kg) (or proportionately larger) laboratory
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
sample.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.4 For bagged lots of ground or air-floated clay, the number
2. Significance and Use
of samples taken shall depend on the number of units in a
2.1 Since many tests are performed using very small
shipment.Agrain-sampler or similar sampling instrument shall
amounts of powder, it is most important that the test portions
be used to take samples which then shall be combined, mixed,
be obtained in a standardized manner. The practices described
and quartered or riffled to obtain a 10-lb (4.5-kg) laboratory
here take into account the possibility of segregation and
sample. Where a shipment consists of 100 bags or less, the
variability of the ceramic powder in containers of the various
number of bags sampled at random shall be not less than 5 and
sizes and numbers, both in dry and slurry forms.
preferably 10.When the number of bags is greater than 100 but
less than 500, the number of bags sampled shall not be less
3. Sampling
than 15. For lots of from 500 to 1000 bags, 20 bags shall be
3.1 Where a bulk shipment consists of lumps, a number of
sampled. For shipments of 1000 to 2000 bags, 30 bags shall be
samples shall be taken from different parts of the rail car or
sampled at random.
truck during unloading, so that the final sample will represent
3.5 When the clay is shipped in slurry form a representative
an average of all parts of the shipment from top to bottom. For
sample may be obtained by taking a single grab sample from
a 30-ton (27-Mg) unit, no less than 20 samples of approxi-
any portion of the shipment except by sk
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C322 − 09 C322 − 09 (Reapproved 2014)
Standard Practice for
Sampling Ceramic Whiteware Clays
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C322; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers procedures for sampling bulk and bagged shipments of ceramic whiteware clays.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Significance and Use
2.1 Since many tests are performed using very small amounts of powder, it is most important that the test portions be obtained
in a standardized manner. The practices described here take into account the possibility of segregation and variability of the
ceramic powder in containers of the various sizes and numbers, both in dry and slurry forms.
3. Sampling
3.1 Where a bulk shipment consists of lumps, a number of samples shall be taken from different parts of the rail car or truck
during unloading, so that the final sample will represent an average of all parts of the shipment from top to bottom. For a 30-ton
(27-Mg) unit, no less than 20 samples of approximately 10 lb (4.5 kg) each shall be taken from different parts of the rail car or
truck. This may be done by removal during loading or unloading, at spaced intervals. The lumps shall then be broken to pieces
no larger than 4 in. (102 mm), in the largest dimension, and the several samples shall be made into a composite lot, by turning
with a shovel on a clean floor. The composite shall then be quartered or riffled to provide a 10-lb laboratory sample.
3.2 Sampling of hopper car or hopper truck shipments is to be done during unloading of the car or truck.
3.3 Where a bulk shipment consists of shredded or coarsely ground clay, sampling shall be done at 20 points for a 30-ton
(27-Mg) unit; the samples may be taken with a shovel, or with a grain sampler, if the form of the clay permits. The samples so
taken shall then be mixed thoroughly, and quartered or riffled to form a 10-lb (4.5–kg) (or proportionately larger) laboratory
sample.
3.4 For bagged lots of ground or air-floated clay, the number of samples taken shall depend on the number of units in a shipment.
A grain-sampler or similar sampling instrument shall be used to take samples which then shall be combined, mixed, and quartered
or riffled to obtain a 10-lb (4.5-kg) laboratory sample. Where a shipment consists of 100 bags or less, the number of bags sampled
at ran
...