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ASTM E1300-12ae1

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings

Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is used to determine the LR of specified glass types and constructions exposed to uniform lateral loads.  
5.2 Use of this practice assumes:  
5.2.1 The glass is free of edge damage and is properly glazed,  
5.2.2 The glass has not been subjected to abuse,  
5.2.3 The surface condition of the glass is typical of glass that has been in service for several years, and is weaker than freshly manufactured glass due to minor abrasions on exposed surfaces,  
5.2.4 The glass edge support system is sufficiently stiff to limit the lateral deflections of the supported glass edges to no more than 1/175 of their lengths. The specified design load shall be used for this calculation.  
5.2.5 The center of glass deflection will not result in loss of edge support.Note 1—This practice does not address aesthetic issues caused by glass deflection.  
5.3 Many other factors shall be considered in glass type and thickness selection. These factors include but are not limited to: thermal stresses, spontaneous breakage of tempered glass, the effects of windborne debris, excessive deflections, behavior of glass fragments after breakage, seismic effects, heat flow, edge bite, noise abatement, potential post-breakage consequences, and so forth. In addition, considerations set forth in building codes along with criteria presented in safety glazing standards and site specific concerns may control the ultimate glass type and thickness selection.  
5.4 For situations not specifically addressed in this standard, the design professional shall use engineering analysis and judgment to determine the LR of glass in buildings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures to determine the load resistance (LR) of specified glass types, including combinations of glass types used in a sealed insulating glass (IG) unit, exposed to a uniform lateral load of short or long duration, for a specified probability of breakage.  
1.2 This practice applies to vertical and sloped glazing in buildings for which the specified design loads consist of wind load, snow load and self-weight with a total combined magnitude less than or equal to 15 kPa (315 psf). This practice shall not apply to other applications including, but not limited to, balustrades, glass floor panels, aquariums, structural glass members, and glass shelves.  
1.3 This practice applies only to monolithic and laminated glass constructions of rectangular shape with continuous lateral support along one, two, three, or four edges. This practice assumes that (1) the supported glass edges for two, three, and four-sided support conditions are simply supported and free to slip in plane; (2) glass supported on two sides acts as a simply supported beam; and (3) glass supported on one side acts as a cantilever. For insulating glass units, this practice only applies to insulating glass units with four-sided edge support.  
1.4 This practice does not apply to any form of wired, patterned, etched, sandblasted, drilled, notched, or grooved glass with surface and edge treatments that alter the glass strength.  
1.5 This practice addresses only the determination of the resistance of glass to uniform lateral loads. The final thickness and type of glass selected also depends upon a variety of other factors (see 5.3).  
1.6 Charts in this practice provide a means to determine approximate maximum lateral glass deflection. Appendix X1 provides additional procedures to determine maximum lateral deflection for glass simply supported on four sides.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.8 Appendix X2 lists the key variables used in calculating the mandatory type factors in Tables 1-3 and comments on their conservative values. TABLE 1 Glass Type Factors (GTF) for a Single Lite of Mo...

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2012
ICS
81.040.30 - Glass products
Technical Committee
E06 - Performance of Buildings
Drafting Committee
E06.52 - Glass Use in Buildings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM E1300-12a - Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Referred By
ASTM C1401-23 - Standard Guide for Structural Sealant Glazing
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Referred By
ASTM E1233/E1233M-14(2021) - Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights, and Curtain Walls by Cyclic Air Pressure Differential
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Referred By
ASTM E2461-22 - Standard Practice for Determining the Thickness of Glass in Airport Traffic Control Tower Cabs
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Referred By
ASTM C1048-18 - Standard Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tempered Flat Glass
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Referred By
ASTM E330/E330M-14(2021) - Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Referred By
ASTM F2248-19 - Standard Practice for Specifying an Equivalent 3-Second Duration Design Loading for Blast Resistant Glazing Fabricated with Laminated Glass
Effective Date
01-May-2012
Referred By
ASTM E997-15(2021) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Glass Breakage Probability Under the Influence of Uniform Static Loads by Proof Load Testing
Effective Date
01-May-2012

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ASTM E1300-12ae1 - Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: E1300 − 12a
StandardPractice for
1
Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1300; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Figures A1.13 and A1.14 and Appendix 8 were corrected editorially in October 2012.
1. Scope 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareformathematical
1.1 Thispracticedescribesprocedurestodeterminetheload
conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-
resistance (LR) of specified glass types, including combina-
tion only and are not considered standard.
tions of glass types used in a sealed insulating glass (IG) unit,
exposed to a uniform lateral load of short or long duration, for
1.8 Appendix X2 lists the key variables used in calculating
a specified probability of breakage.
the mandatory type factors in Tables 1-3 and comments on
their conservative values.
1.2 This practice applies to vertical and sloped glazing in
buildings for which the specified design loads consist of wind
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
load, snow load and self-weight with a total combined magni-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
tude less than or equal to 15 kPa (315 psf). This practice shall
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
not apply to other applications including, but not limited to,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
balustrades, glass floor panels, aquariums, structural glass
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
members, and glass shelves.
2. Referenced Documents
1.3 This practice applies only to monolithic and laminated
2
glassconstructionsofrectangularshapewithcontinuouslateral
2.1 ASTM Standards:
support along one, two, three, or four edges. This practice
C1036Specification for Flat Glass
assumes that (1) the supported glass edges for two, three, and
C1048Specification for Heat-Strengthened and Fully Tem-
four-sided support conditions are simply supported and free to
pered Flat Glass
slip in plane; (2) glass supported on two sides acts as a simply
C1172Specification for Laminated Architectural Flat Glass
supported beam; and (3) glass supported on one side acts as a
D4065Practice for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Proper-
cantilever. For insulating glass units, this practice only applies
ties: Determination and Report of Procedures
to insulating glass units with four-sided edge support.
E631Terminology of Building Constructions
1.4 This practice does not apply to any form of wired,
3. Terminology
patterned, etched, sandblasted, drilled, notched, or grooved
glass with surface and edge treatments that alter the glass
3.1 Definitions:
strength.
3.1.1 Refer to Terminology E631 for additional terms used
1.5 This practice addresses only the determination of the in this practice.
resistance of glass to uniform lateral loads. The final thickness 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and type of glass selected also depends upon a variety of other
3.2.1 aspect ratio (AR), n—for glass simply supported on
factors (see 5.3).
four sides, the ratio of the long dimension of the glass to the
short dimension of the glass is always equal to or greater than
1.6 Charts in this practice provide a means to determine
1.0. For glass simply supported on three sides, the ratio of the
approximate maximum lateral glass deflection. Appendix X1
length of one of the supported edges perpendicular to the free
provides additional procedures to determine maximum lateral
edge, to the length of the free edge, is equal to or greater than
deflection for glass simply supported on four sides.
0.5.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on Perfor-
mance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.52 on
2
Glass Use in Buildings. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as E1300–12. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/E1300-12A. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
E1300 − 12a
TABLE 1 Glass Type Factors (GTF) for a Single Lite of Monolithic
(1)Add the minimum thicknesses of the
...

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Standard Practice for Determining Load Resistance of Glass in Buildings

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This practice is used to determine the LR of specified glass types and constructions exposed to uniform lateral loads.  
5.2 Use of this practice assumes:  
5.2.1 The glass is free of edge damage and is properly glazed,  
5.2.2 The glass has not been subjected to abuse,  
5.2.3 The surface condition of the glass is typical of glass that has been in service for several years, and is weaker than freshly manufactured glass due to minor abrasions on exposed surfaces,  
5.2.4 The glass edge support system is sufficiently stiff to limit the lateral deflections of the supported glass edges to no more than 1/175 of their lengths. The specified design load shall be used for this calculation.  
5.2.5 The deflection of glass or support system, or both, shall not result in loss of glass edge support.
Note 1: Glass deflections are to be reviewed. This practice does not address aesthetic issues caused by glass deflection.
Note 2: This practice does not consider the effects of deflection on insulating glass unit seal performance.  
5.3 Many other factors shall be considered in glass type and thickness selection. These factors include but are not limited to: thermal stresses, spontaneous breakage of tempered glass, the effects of windborne debris, excessive deflections, behavior of glass fragments after breakage, blast, seismic effects, building movement, heat flow, edge bite, noise abatement, and potential post-breakage consequences. In addition, considerations set forth in building codes along with criteria presented in safety-glazing standards and site-specific concerns may control the ultimate glass type and thickness selection.  
5.4 For situations not specifically addressed in this standard, the design professional shall use engineering analysis and judgment to determine the LR of glass in buildings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures to determine the load resistance (LR) of specified glass types, including combinations of glass types used in a sealed insulating glass (IG) unit, exposed to a uniform lateral load of short or long duration, for a specified probability of breakage.  
1.2 This practice applies to vertical and sloped glazing in buildings for which the specified design loads consist of wind load, snow load and self-weight with a total combined magnitude less than or equal to 15 kPa (315 psf). This practice shall not apply to other applications including, but not limited to, balustrades, glass floor panels, aquariums, structural glass members, and glass shelves.  
1.3 This practice applies only to monolithic and laminated glass constructions of rectangular shape with continuous lateral support along one, two, three, or four edges. This practice assumes that (1) the supported glass edges for two, three, and four-sided support conditions are simply supported and free to slip in plane; (2) glass supported on two sides acts as a simply supported beam; and (3) glass supported on one side acts as a cantilever. For insulating glass units, this practice only applies to insulating glass units with four-sided edge support.  
1.4 This practice does not apply to any form of wired, patterned, sandblasted, drilled, notched, or grooved glass. This practice does not apply to glass with surface or edge treatments that reduce the glass strength.  
1.5 This practice addresses only the determination of the resistance of glass to uniform lateral loads. The final thickness and type of glass selected also depends upon a variety of other factors (see 5.3).  
1.6 Charts in this practice provide a means to determine approximate maximum lateral glass deflection. Appendix X1 provides additional procedures to determine maximum lateral deflection for glass simply supported on four sides.  
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This specification covers performance requirements to ensure the use of safety glass when employed as an unenclosed horizontal surface under 44 in. (1118 mm) in height in a desk or table. It is intended to minimize the likelihood of serious cutting and piercing injuries that may occur due to the breakage of glass used as a horizontal surface in desks and dining, coffee, end, display, mobile, outdoor, and other types of tables. Glass shall be laminated safety glass or tempered safety glass that complies with the following: performance criteria of ANSI Z97.1-2009 and the use of monolithic annealed, monolithic chemically strengthened or monolithic wired glass shall not be permitted with the exception of glass fully-supported by and bonded to a non-glass material and glass surfaces incorporating or constituting display screens.
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ASTM C1648-12(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Choosing a Method for Determining the Index of Refraction and Dispersion of Glass

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Measurement—The refractive index at any wavelength of a piece of homogeneous glass is a function, primarily, of its composition, and secondarily, of its state of annealing. The index of a glass can be altered over a range of up to 1×10-4 (that is, 1 in the fourth decimal place) by the changing of an annealing schedule. This is a critical consideration for optical glasses, that is, glasses intended for use in high performance optical instruments where the required value of an index can be as exact as 1×10-6. Compensation for minor variations of composition are made by controlled rates of annealing for such optical glasses; therefore, the ability to measure index to six decimal places can be a necessity; however, for most commercial and experimental glasses, standard annealing schedules appropriate to each are used to limit internal stress and less rigorous methods of test for refractive index are usually adequate. The refractive indices of glass ophthalmic lens pressings are held to 5×10-4 because the tools used for generating the figures of ophthalmic lenses are made to produce curvatures that are related to specific indices of refraction of the lens materials.  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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1.2 The practice specifically excludes fluorescent and iridescent samples.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1914-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Bake and Boil Testing of Laminated Glass

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 It is generally recognized that excess moisture and air within an interlayer will cause bubble formation in a laminate when exposed to heat or UV radiation, or both. These may be caused by initial moisture and air in the interlayer and be generated by thermal exposure. The purpose of this test method is to measure quantitatively the laminate stability under controlled conditions, specifically in relation to the formation of bubbles in the body of the laminate.  
5.2 Subjecting the laminated glazing to extended heat at a controlled temperature and time provides the excess moisture and air which are forced into the interlayer during processing to surface as bubbles. This occurs only if there are excess moisture and air trapped in between the glass. Therefore, making these thermal tests efficient to determine proper de-airing of laminated glass products.  
5.3 This test method provides a means to visually determine if discoloration has or is occurring and serves as a pass/fail test for some aspects of lamination quality.  
5.4 This test method can be performed after natural or accelerated exposure to determine if there are changes to the polymer such as the stability with high temperature which is useful for understanding the visual stability of installed glazing.  
5.5 This test method does not provide an indication of laminated glass capability for impact resistance, glass shard retention on breakage or edge stability of laminated glass.
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this test method is to measure quantitatively the laminate stability under controlled conditions, specifically in relation to the formation of bubbles in a laminate with heat exposure.  
1.2 This test method can be performed on laminates which have been exposed to weathering or as manufactured samples to determine the amount of excess air dissolved in the interlayer.  
1.3 This test method determines the stability of laminated glass when subjected to high heat environments.  
1.4 This test method outlines a procedure to be used on laminated glass with two or more layers of glass bonded by an interlayer.  
1.5 This test method covers visual rating of tested specimens.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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