ASTM D4092-07
(Terminology)Standard Terminology: Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
Standard Terminology: Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions and descriptions of technical terms used in dynamic mechanical property measurements on polymeric materials, including solutions, melts, and solids. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or sources identified.
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in notes. It is reviewed every five years and the year of the last review or revision is appended.
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the abbreviation of the name of the organization or the ASTM committee.
1.4 Descriptions of terms specific to dynamic mechanical measurements are identified with an italicized introductory phrase. This terminology standard is similar to ISO 6721-1 however, the ISO document cites fewer terms.
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Designation: D4092 − 07
StandardTerminology for
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Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4092; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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1. Scope* 2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 472:1988 (E/F) Definitions
1.1 This terminology is a compilation of definitions and
ISO 6721–11994 (E) Plastics-Determination of Dynamic
descriptions of technical terms used in dynamic mechanical
Mechanical Properties, Part 1, General Principles
property measurements on polymeric materials, including
solutions, melts, and solids. Terms that are generally under-
3. Terminology Definitions and Descriptions
stood or defined adequately in other readily available sources
alpha (α) loss peak (in dynamic mechanical measurement)—
are either not included or sources identified.
the first peak in the damping curve below the melt, in order
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional infor-
of decreasing temperature or increasing frequency. (1981)
mation included in notes. It is reviewed every five years and
the year of the last review or revision is appended.
beta (β) loss peak (indynamicmechanicalmeasurement)—the
second peak in the damping curve below the melt, in order
1.3 Definitions identical to those published by another
of decreasing temperature or increasing frequency. (1981)
standards organization orASTM committee are identified with
the abbreviation of the name of the organization or theASTM
complex modulus, E*, K*, or G*—the ratio of the stress to
committee.
strain where each is a vector that may be represented by a
complex number.
1.4 Descriptions of terms specific to dynamic mechanical
E*= E`+ iE"
measurements are identified with an italicized introductory
G*= G`+ iG"
phrase.
K*= K`+ iK"
NOTE 1—This terminology standard is similar to ISO 6721–1 however,
where:
the ISO document cites fewer terms.
E* = complex modulus, measured in tension or flexure,
E8 = storage modulus, measured in tension or flexure,
2. Referenced Documents
E9 = loss modulus, measured in tension or flexure,
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
G* = complex modulus, measured in shear,
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
G8 = storage modulus, measured in shear,
Fluids
G9 = loss modulus, measured in shear,
D883Terminology Relating to Plastics
K* = complex modulus, measured in compression,
D2231Practice for Rubber Properties in Forced Vibration
K8 = storage modulus, measured in compression
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(Withdrawn 1998)
K9 = loss modulus, measured in compression, and
i 5 21 , measured in compression.
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
œ
DISCUSSION—The complex modulus may be measured in tension
1 (E*), compression (K*), flexure (E*), or in shear (G*). (1981)
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.
complex shear compliance, J *—the reciprocal of complex
Current edition approved March 1, 2007. Published March 2007. Originally
shear modulus. (1981)
approved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D4092-01. DOI:
10.1520/D4092-07.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
J* 5
G*
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
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The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
www.astm.org. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4092 − 07
brittleness undergo rapid changes in this temperature region, but other
complex tensile compliance, D*—the reciprocal of complex
properties, such as coefficient of thermal expansion and specific heat,
tensile modulus. (1981)
also change rapidly. This phenomenon has been called second-order
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transition, rubber transition, and rubbery transition. The word transfor-
D* 5
E* mation has also been used instead of transition. When more than one
amorphous transition occurs in a polymer, the one associated with
critical damping (indynamicmechanicalmeasurement)—that
segmental motions of the polymer backbone chain, or accompanied by
damping required for the borderline condition between
...
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