ASTM E77-07
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
Standard Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The test method described in this standard will ensure that the thermometers listed in Specification E 1 will indicate temperatures within the maximum scale errors listed, be compatible with the apparatus, and serve the purpose for which they were designed.Fig. 1
Thermometers that do not pass the visual and dimensional inspection tests may give erroneously high or low temperature readings, or may not fit into existing equipment used in ASTM methods. If the pigment in the scale etchings washes out or fades, the thermometer will be difficult to read. Improper annealing of the bulb, as determined by the bulb stability test, will result in thermometer readings rapidly changing with time and use. For accurate temperature measurements the scale readings of the thermometer should be verified as described in this test method.
FIG. 1 Oven for Permanency of Pigment Test
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers visual and dimensional inspection, test for permanency of pigment, test for bulb stability, and test for scale accuracy to be used in the verification of liquid-in-glass thermometers as specified in Specification E 1. However, these procedures may be applied to other liquid-in-glass thermometers.
Note 1—The use of NIST SP250-23 is recommended.
1.2 Warning- Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website- http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:E77 −07
StandardTest Method for
1
Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE77;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers visual and dimensional 3.1 Definitions:
inspection, test for permanency of pigment, test for bulb 3.1.1 The definitions given in Terminology E344 apply.
stability, and test for scale accuracy to be used in the verifica- Some that are considered essential to this standard are given
tion of liquid-in-glass thermometers as specified in Specifica- below.
tion E1. However, these procedures may be applied to other 3.1.2 complete-immersion thermometer, n— a liquid-in-
2
liquid-in-glass thermometers. glass thermometer, not specified in ASTM documents, de-
signed to indicate temperature correctly when the entire
2
NOTE 1—The use of NIST SP250-23 is recommended.
thermometer is exposed to the temperature being measured.
1.2 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and
3.1.3 partial-immersion thermometer, n— a liquid-in-glass
many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause
thermometer designed to indicate temperature correctly when
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or
the bulb and a specified part of the stem are exposed to the
its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to
temperature being measured.
materials.Cautionshouldbetakenwhenhandlingmercuryand
3.1.4 total-immersion thermometer, n—a liquid-in-glass
mercury containing products. See the applicable product Ma-
thermometer designed to indicate temperature correctly when
terialSafetyDataSheet(MSDS)fordetailsandEPA’swebsite-
just that portion of the thermometer containing the liquid is
http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional informa-
exposed to the temperature being measured.
tion. Users should be aware that selling mercury and/or
mercury containing products into your state may be prohibited
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
by state law.-
3.2.1 calibration, n—the determination of the indications of
a thermometer with respect to temperatures established by a
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
standard resulting in scale corrections to be applied when
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
maximum accuracy is required.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.2 referencepoint,n—atemperatureatwhichathermom-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
eter is checked for changes in the bulb volume.
3.2.3 verification, n—the process of testing a thermometer
2. Referenced Documents
for compliance with specifications.
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.4 verification temperatures, n—the specified tempera-
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
tures at which thermometers are tested for compliance with
E344Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrom-
scale error limits.
etry
3.2.5 Other descriptions of terms relating to thermometers
are included in Sections 3 and 17 of Specification E1.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 on
Temperature Measurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.05
on Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers.
4. Significance and Use
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2007. Published January 2008. Originally
4.1 The test method described in this standard will ensure
approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E77–98(2003). DOI:
10.1520/E0077-07.
that the thermometers listed in Specification E1 will indicate
2
“Liquid-in-GlassThermometer Calibration Service,” NISTSpecial Publication
temperatures within the maximum scale errors listed, be
250-23, 1988, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
compatiblewiththeapparatus,andservethepurposeforwhich
Washington, DC 20402-9325.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or they were designed.Fig. 1
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.2 Thermometers that do not pass the visual and dimen-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. sional inspection tests may give erroneously high or low
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E77−07
FIG. 1 Oven for Permanency of Pigment Test
temperatur
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E77–98(Reapproved 2003) Designation: E 77 – 07
Standard Test Method for
1
Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE77;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers visual and dimensional inspection, test for permanency of pigment, test for bulb stability, and test
for scale accuracy to be used in the verification of liquid-in-glass thermometers as specified in Specification E1. However, these
2
procedures may be applied to other liquid-in-glass thermometers.
2
NOTE 1—The use of NIST SP250-23 is recommended.
1.2
1.2 Warning- Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central
nervous system, kidney and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet
(MSDS) for details and EPA’s website- http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional information. Users should be aware
that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 The definitions given in Terminology E344 apply. Some that are considered essential to this standard are given below.
3.1.2 complete-immersion thermometer, n— a liquid-in-glass thermometer, not specified in ASTM documents, designed to
indicate temperature correctly when the entire thermometer is exposed to the temperature being measured.
3.1.3 partial-immersion thermometer, n— a liquid-in-glass thermometer designed to indicate temperature correctly when the
bulb and a specified part of the stem are exposed to the temperature being measured.
3.1.4 total-immersion thermometer, n—a liquid-in-glass thermometer designed to indicate temperature correctly when just that
portion of the thermometer containing the liquid is exposed to the temperature being measured.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 calibration, n—the determination of the indications of a thermometer with respect to temperatures established by a
standard resulting in scale corrections to be applied when maximum accuracy is required.
3.2.2 reference point, n—a temperature at which a thermometer is checked for changes in the bulb volume.
3.2.3 verification, n—the process of testing a thermometer for compliance with specifications.
3.2.4 verification temperatures, n—thespecifiedtemperaturesatwhichthermometersaretestedforcompliancewithscaleerror
limits.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E20 on Temperature Measurement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E20.05 on
Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers.
Current edition approved Nov.Dec. 1, 2003.2007. Published November 2003.January 2008. Originally approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 19982003 as
E 77–98(2003).
2
“Liquid-in-Glass Thermometer Calibration Service,” NIST Special Publication 250-23, 1988, Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washington, DC 20402-9325.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E77–07
3.2.5 Other descriptions of terms relating to thermometers are included in Sections 3 and 17 of Specification E1.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The test method described in this standard will ensure that the thermometers listed in Specification E1 will indic
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