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ASTM D7373-07e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Predicting Biodegradability of Lubricants Using a Bio-kinetic Model

Standard Test Method for Predicting Biodegradability of Lubricants Using a Bio-kinetic Model

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This procedure is able to predict the biodegradability of lubricants within a day without dealing with microorganisms. Excellent correlation is established between the test results and the conventional biodegradation tests (see Test Method D5864 and Test Method D6731).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for predicting biodegradability of lubricants using a bio-kinetic model.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jul-2007
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.12 - Environmental Standards for Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D7373-07 - Standard Test Method for Predicting Biodegradability of Lubricants Using a Bio-kinetic Model
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D8029-18 - Standard Specification for Biodegradable, Low Aquatic Toxicity Hydraulic Fluids
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007

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ASTM D7373-07e1 - Standard Test Method for Predicting Biodegradability of Lubricants Using a Bio-kinetic ModelASTM D7373-07e1 - Standard Test Method for Predicting Biodegradability of Lubricants Using a Bio-kinetic Model
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ASTM D7373-07e1 - Standard Test Method for Predicting Biodegradability of Lubricants Using a Bio-kinetic Model
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation:D7373–07
Standard Test Method for
Predicting Biodegradability of Lubricants Using a Bio-
1
kinetic Model
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7373; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ϵ NOTE—Corrected variable t in 9.3 editorially in October 2010.
1. Scope 3.1.3 biodegradability, n—ability of a substance to be
broken down into simpler substances by bacteria.
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for predicting
3.1.4 effective composition to biodegradation (ECB),
biodegradability of lubricants using a bio-kinetic model.
n—component of material that can be biodegradable by
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
bacteria.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.4.1 Discussion—The term ECB is a part of bio-kinetic
only.
model is sum of non-aromatic components in a lubricant.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.5 nonaromatics fraction, n—portion of the sample
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
eluted with n-pentane. The nonaromatics fraction is a mixture
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of paraffinic and naphthenic hydrocarbons if sample is a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
straight-run material. If the sample is a cracked stock, the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
nonaromatics fraction will also contain aliphatic and cyclic
2. Referenced Documents
olefins.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
D2549 Test Method for Separation of Representative Aro-
4.1 A weighed amount of sample is charged to the top of a
matics and Nonaromatics Fractions of High-Boiling Oils
glass chromatographic column packed with activated bauxite
by Elution Chromatography
and silica gel. To elute the nonaromatics, n-pentane is added to
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Bio-
thecolumn.Whenallofthenonaromaticsareeluted,non-polar
degradation of Lubricants or Their Components
aromatics fraction is eluted by additions of an equal mixture of
D6731 Test Method for Determining the Aerobic, Aquatic
toluene and n-pentane. The ester fraction is eluted by additions
Biodegradability of Lubricants or Lubricant Components
of diethyl ether. Then, the polar-aromatics is eluted by chloro-
in a Closed Respirometer
form and ethyl alcohol.
3. Terminology 4.2 The solvents are completely removed by evaporation,
and the residues are weighed and calculated as the nonaromat-
3.1 Definitions:
ics, nonpolar aromatics, ester fractions, and polar aromatics of
3.1.1 aromatics fraction, n—portion of the sample desorbed
the sample.
with the polar eluants. The aromatics fraction is divided into
4.3 ECB is calculated based on the amount of nonaromatics
nonpolar and polar based. They may contain aromatics, con-
and ester fractions with their material ECB coefficients. Then,
densed naphthenic-aromatics, aromatic olefins, and com-
the biodegradability of a lubricant is calculated using the
pounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms.
bio-kinetic model.
3.1.2 bio-kinetic model, n—model that can predict the
biodegradability of a lubricant.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This procedure is able to predict the biodegradability of
3
lubricants within a day without dealing with microorganisms.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Excellent correlation is established between the test results and
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
the conventional biodegradation tests (see Test Method D5864
D02.12 on Environmental Standards for Lubricants.
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published August 2007. DOI: 10.1520/
and Test Method D6731).
D7373-07.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Rhee, In-Sik, “Development of Bio-kinetic Model for Lubricants,” NLGI
the ASTM website. Spokesman, Volume 69, 2005, pp. 22-29.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
D7373–07
FIG. 1 Test Apparatus
6. Apparatus 7.4 Cleaning Solution—Chromic-sulfuric acid.
(Warning—Causes severe burns. A recognized carcinogen,
6.1 Chromatographic Columns—as shown in Fig. 1 (see
strong oxidizer, contact with organic material may cause fire.)
Test Method D2549).
7.5 Diethy
...

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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.  
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1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.  
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1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    9 pages
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