ASTM D7144-05a(2016)

Standard Practice for Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for Subsequent Metals Determination

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Human exposure to toxic metals present in surface dust can result from dermal contact with or ingestion of contaminated dust. Also, inhalation exposure can result from disturbing dust particles from contaminated surfaces. Thus, standardized methods for the collection and analysis of metals in surface dust samples are needed in order to evaluate the potential for human exposure to toxic elements.  
5.2 This practice involves the use of sampling equipment to collect surface dust samples that may contain toxic metals, and is intended for use by qualified technical professionals.  
5.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of collected metals concentrations on an area (loading) or mass concentration basis, or both.  
5.4 Because particle losses can occur due to collection of dust onto the inner surfaces of the nozzle, the length of the collection nozzle is specified in order that such losses are comparable from one sample to another.  
5.5 This practice is suitable for the collection of surface dust samples from, for example: (a) soft, porous surfaces such as carpet or upholstery; (b) hard, rough surfaces such as concrete or roughened wood; (c) confined areas that cannot be easily sampled by other means (such as wipe sampling as described in Practice D6966). A companion sampling technique that may be used for collection of surface dust from hard, smooth surfaces is wipe sampling (Practice D6966). A companion vacuum sampling technique that may be used for sampling carpets is described in Practice D5438.  
5.6 Procedures presented in this practice are intended to provide a standardized method for dust collection from surfaces that cannot be reliably sampled using wipe collection methods (for example, Practice D6966). Additionally, the procedure described uses equipment that is readily available and in common use for other environmental and occupational hygiene sampling applications.  
5.7 The entire contents of the filter holder, that is, the fil...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of surface dust for subsequent determination of metals. The primary intended application is for sampling from soft, rough, or porous surfaces.  
1.2 Micro-vacuum sampling is carried out using a collection nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette) that is connected to an air sampling pump.  
1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of metals on a loading basis (mass of metal(s) per unit area sampled), or on a concentration basis (mass of metal(s) per unit mass of sample collected), or both.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 Limitations—Due to a number of physical factors inherent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results for vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection. Indeed, dust collection will generally be biased towards smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this standard practice will generate data that are consistent and comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum collection at a variety of sampling locations and sites.2  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2016
• ICS: 71.040.99 - Other standards related to analytical chemistry
• Technical Committee: D22 - Air Quality
• Drafting Committee: D22.04 - Workplace Air Quality

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7144 − 05a (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Practice for
Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for
1
Subsequent Metals Determination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
surface dust for subsequent determination of metals. The
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of
primary intended application is for sampling from soft, rough,
Atmospheres
or porous surfaces.
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
1.2 Micro-vacuumsamplingiscarriedoutusingacollection
D5438 Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical
nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette) that is
Analysis
connected to an air sampling pump.
D6966 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples
1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of
Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determi-
metals on a loading basis (mass of metal(s) per unit area
nation of Metals
sampled),oronaconcentrationbasis(massofmetal(s)perunit
4
2.2 ISO Standard:
mass of sample collected), or both.
ISO 15202-1 Workplace air—Determination of metals and
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
metalloids in airborne particulate matter by inductively
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry—Part 1:
standard.
Sampling
1.5 Limitations—Due to a number of physical factors inher-
ent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results
for vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust
3. Terminology
contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to sam-
Indeed, dust collection will generally be biased towards
pling and analysis of dust not given here, refer to Terminology
smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this
D1356.
standard practice will generate data that are consistent and
comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum col- 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
2
lection at a variety of sampling locations and sites.
3.2.1 air sampling pump—a portable pump that is used to
draw air through a filter holder/collection nozzle assembly for
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
micro-vacuum collection of surface dust. An example would
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
include a personal sampling pump. D1356
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.2 batch—a group of field or quality control samples, or
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
both, that are collected together in a similar environment and
are processed together using the same reagents and equipment.
3.2.3 collection nozzle—apieceofflexibleplastictubingcut
at a 45º angle at the inlet end, and connected at the outlet end
to the inlet orifice of a filter holder (sampling cassette).
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on WorkplaceAir Quality.
3
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2016. Published October 2016. Originally For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7144 – 05a (2011). contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
DOI: 10.1520/D7144-05AR16. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
2
Reynolds, S. J., et al.,“Laboratory Comparison of Vacuum, OSHA, and HUD the ASTM website.
4
Sampling Methods for Lead in Household Dust,” American Industrial Hygiene Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Association Journal, Vol. 58, 1997, pp. 439–446. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7144 − 05a (2016)
3.2.4 field blank—a sample that is handled in exactly the
same way that field samples are collected, except that no air is
drawn through it.
3.2.5 filter holder—an apparatus that supports and contains
the filter medium upon which dust is collected. It is also often
referred to as a sampling cassette.
3.2.6 internal capsule—a devi
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7144 − 05a (Reapproved 2011) D7144 − 05a (Reapproved 2016)
Standard Practice for
Collection of Surface Dust by Micro-vacuum Sampling for
1
Subsequent Metals Determination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7144; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the micro-vacuum collection of surface dust for subsequent determination of metals. The primary
intended application is for sampling from soft, rough, or porous surfaces.
1.2 Micro-vacuum sampling is carried out using a collection nozzle attached to a filter holder (sampling cassette) that is
connected to an air sampling pump.
1.3 This practice allows for the subsequent determination of metals on a loading basis (mass of metal(s) per unit area sampled),
or on a concentration basis (mass of metal(s) per unit mass of sample collected), or both.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 Limitations—Due to a number of physical factors inherent in the micro-vacuum sampling method, analytical results for
vacuum dust samples are not likely to reflect the total dust contained within the sampling area prior to sample collection. Indeed,
dust collection will generally be biased towards smaller, less dense dust particles. Nevertheless, the use of this standard practice
will generate data that are consistent and comparable between operators performing micro-vacuum collection at a variety of
2
sampling locations and sites.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.04 on Workplace Air Quality.
Current edition approved March 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2016. Published March 2011October 2016. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20052011 as
D7144 – 05a.D7144 – 05a (2011). DOI: 10.1520/D7144-05AR11.10.1520/D7144-05AR16.
2
Reynolds, S. J., et al., “Laboratory comparison of vacuum, OSHA, and HUD sampling methods for lead in household dust.” American Industrial Hygiene Association
Journal, Vol. 58, pp. 439-446 (1997).Reynolds, S. J., et al.,“Laboratory Comparison of Vacuum, OSHA, and HUD Sampling Methods for Lead in Household Dust,” American
Industrial Hygiene Association Journal, Vol. 58, 1997, pp. 439–446.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7144 − 05a (2016)
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
D4840 Guide for Sample Chain-of-Custody Procedures
D5438 Practice for Collection of Floor Dust for Chemical Analysis
D6966 Practice for Collection of Settled Dust Samples Using Wipe Sampling Methods for Subsequent Determination of Metals
4
2.2 ISO Standard:
ISO 15202-1 Workplace air—Determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by inductively coupled
plasma atomic emission spectrometry—Part 1: Sampling
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to sampling and analysis of dust not given here, refer to Terminology D1356.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 air sampling pump—a portable pump that is used to draw air through a filter holder/collection nozzle assembly for
micro-vacuum collection of surface dust. An example would include a personal sampling pump (pump.D1356). D1356
3.2.2 batch—a group of field or quality control samples, or both, that are collected together in a similar environment and are
processed together using the same reagents and equipment.
3.2.3 collection nozzle—a piece of flexible plastic tubing cut at a 45º angle at the inlet end, and connected at the outlet end to
the inlet orifice of a filter holder (sampling cassette).
3.2.4 field blank—a sample that is handled in exactly the same way that field samples are collected, except that no
...