ASTM E2756-10
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents
Standard Terminology Relating to Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents
SCOPE
1.1 The purpose of this terminology standard is to establish uniformity in terms used in the field of antimicrobial and antiviral agent testing. Terms are adapted from related fields such as regulatory terms defined by law and definitions as supported by test requirements.
1.2 The terms are appropriate to the wide range of interest related to standards developed in the area of antimicrobial and antiviral testing.
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Designation: E2756 − 10
Standard Terminology Relating to
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Antimicrobial and Antiviral Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2756; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope carrier, n—a surrogate surface or matrix that facilitates the
interaction of test microorganisms and treatment(s).
1.1 The purpose of this terminology standard is to establish
uniformity in terms used in the field of antimicrobial and
cell monolayer, n—a single layer of eukaryotic cells typically
antiviral agent testing. Terms are adapted from related fields
propogated on a glass or plastic surface to which they are
such as regulatory terms defined by law and definitions as
securely attached.
supported by test requirements.
cleansing wash, n—a procedure intended to remove soil or
1.2 The terms are appropriate to the wide range of interest
residue.
related to standards developed in the area of antimicrobial and
antiviral testing.
clastogen, n—an agent that reduces chromosomal breakage.
2. Terminology composite sample, n—a series of grab samples integrated into
a single sample or samples collected at specific times and
GENERAL ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTIVIRAL
integrated into a single sample.
TERMS
cooling system, n—equipment and coolant used for the re-
accuracy, n—a measure of the degree of conformity of a value
moval of heat from processes, equipment, or both.
generatedbyaspecificproceduretotheassumedoraccepted
true value, and includes both precision and bias. cooling water, n—any water-based solution that absorbs and
transfers heat in cooling systems.
ambient temperature, n—temperature of the environment in
which a test method is performed.
cumulative effect, n—a progressively additive reduction in the
numbers of viable microorganisms measured from an estab-
antibacterial, adj—describes an agent that kills bacteria or
lished baseline following repeated applications of a material
suppresses their growth or reproduction.
or procedure.
antimicrobial, adj—describes an agent that kills or inactivates
decontamination, n—a procedure that eliminates or reduces
microorganisms or suppresses their growth or reproduction.
contaminants. The usual reference is to reduce potentially
antiseptic, n—a material for use on living tissue that either
harmful or undesirable microorganisms.
destroys microorganisms or suppresses their growth.
disinfectant, n—a physical or chemical agent or process that
bias, n—a systematic error that contributes to the difference
destroys pathogenic or potentially pathogenic microorgan-
between the mean of a large number of test results and an
isms in/on surfaces or objects.
accepted reference value (ASTM Form and Style Manual).
D-value (decimal reduction time/log death time), n—the
DISCUSSION—A statement of bias is not possible because standard
time or radiation dose required to achieve inactivation of
reference materials are not available for most microbiological methods.
90 % of one log of a population of the test microorganism
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biofouling, n—the unwanted accumulation of organisms
under stated exposure conditions.
and/or their products on surfaces.
effectiveness, n—a measure of the performance of a product.
cleaner-sanitizer, n—a physical or chemical agent that re-
moves soil from an object and reduces numbers of microor-
efficacy, n—the proven performance of a product established
ganisms on non-food contact surfaces.
under defined conditions of testing.
envelope, n—a layer of host cell membrane-deprived lipid that
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
surrounds the capsid of some viruses.
Pesticides and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E35.15 on Antimicrobial Agents.
false negative, adj—incorrectly indicating the absence of a
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published December 2010. DOI:
10.1520/E2756–10. finding or condition.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E2756 − 10
false positive, adj—incorrectly indicating the presence of a preservative, n—chemical agent(s) added to a product to
finding or condition. reduce or prevent microbial growth.
fomite (fomes), n—an inanimate object that harbors patho-
recovery control, n—a procedure that validates that initial
genic microorganisms and may transmit infection.
population(s) meet the criterion of a method.
germ, n—microorganisms pathogenic to humans.
reference control, n—material or procedure with known
performance in a test me
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