ASTM D942-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Lubricating Greases by the Oxygen Pressure Vessel Method
Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Lubricating Greases by the Oxygen Pressure Vessel Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method measures the net change in pressure resulting from consumption of oxygen by oxidation and gain in pressure due to formation of volatile oxidation by-products. This test method may be used for quality control to indicate batch-to-batch uniformity. It predicts neither the stability of greases under dynamic service conditions, nor the stability of greases stored in containers for long periods, nor the stability of films of greases on bearings and motor-parts. It should not be used to estimate the relative oxidation resistance of different grease types.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method determines resistance of lubricating greases to oxidation when stored statically in an oxygen atmosphere in a sealed system at an elevated temperature under conditions of test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Pressure measurement appears in psi with kPa provided in parentheses for information only.
1.2.2 Exception—In Fig. A1.1, all dimensions are in inches, with millimetres provided in parentheses for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Sections 6 and 7.
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Designation: D942 − 15
Designation: 142/85 (92)
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Stability of Lubricating Greases by the Oxygen
1
Pressure Vessel Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D942; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2.2 Other Standards:
3
IP Specification for Standard IP Thermometers
1.1 This test method determines resistance of lubricating
4
BS 970:1983Part I, Section S
greases to oxidation when stored statically in an oxygen
atmosphereinasealedsystematanelevatedtemperatureunder
3. Summary of Test Method
conditions of test.
3.1 The sample of grease is oxidized in a pressure vessel
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
heated to 99°C (210°F) and filled with oxygen at 110psi
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
(758kPa). Pressure is observed and recorded at stated inter-
standard.
vals. The degree of oxidation after a given period of time is
1.2.1 Exception—Pressure measurement appears in psi with
determined by the corresponding decrease in oxygen pressure.
kPa provided in parentheses for information only.
1.2.2 Exception—In Fig.A1.1, all dimensions are in inches,
NOTE 1—The pressure vessel has been referred to as “a bomb” in
with millimetres provided in parentheses for information only.
previous issues of this test method.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
NOTE 2—The accepted unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa) for ASTM
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the methods and will be parenthetically included after the conventional
pound-force per square inch (psi) value.The Energy Institute uses the bar
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
as a pressure measurement. Conversion of units may be obtained as
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
follows:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard
To convert from pound-force per square inch (psi) to pascal (Pa)
3
statements see Sections 6 and 7.
multiply by 6.894757×10 .
To convert from pound-force per square inch (psi) to bar multiply by
2. Referenced Documents
0.06894757.
5
To convert from bar to pascal (Pa) multiply by 10 .
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A240/A240MSpecification for Chromium and Chromium-
4. Significance and Use
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
Vessels and for General Applications 4.1 This test method measures the net change in pressure
D525Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-
resultingfromconsumptionofoxygenbyoxidationandgainin
duction Period Method)
pressure due to formation of volatile oxidation by-products.
E1Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
This test method may be used for quality control to indicate
batch-to-batch uniformity. It predicts neither the stability of
greases under dynamic service conditions, nor the stability of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
greases stored in containers for long periods, nor the stability
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.09.0E on Oxidation of Greases.
of films of greases on bearings and motor-parts. It should not
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization
beusedtoestimatetherelativeoxidationresistanceofdifferent
Committee. This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committee and
grease types.
acceptedbythecooperatingsocietiesinaccordancewiththeestablishedprocedures.
Current edition approved April 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally
approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D942–02 (2007).
DOI: 10.1520/D0942-15.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from British Standards Institute (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd.,
the ASTM website. London W4 4AL, U.K., http://www.bsi-global.com.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D942 − 15
5. Apparatus Use with adequate ventilation. Do not take internally.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D942 − 02 (Reapproved 2007) D942 − 15
Designation: 142/85 (92)
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation Stability of Lubricating Greases by the Oxygen
1
Pressure Vessel Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D942; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method determines resistance of lubricating greases to oxidation when stored statically in an oxygen atmosphere
in a sealed system at an elevated temperature under conditions of test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Pressure measurement appears in psi with kPa provided in parentheses for information only.
1.2.2 Exception—In Fig. A1.1, all dimensions are in inches, with millimetres provided in parentheses for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements see Sections 6 and 7.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels and
for General Applications
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
2.2 Other Standards:
3
IP Specification for Standard IP Thermometers
4
BS 970:1983 Part I, Section S
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The sample of grease is oxidized in a pressure vessel heated to 99°C (210°F)99 °C (210 °F) and filled with oxygen at 110
psi (758 kPa). 110 psi (758 kPa). Pressure is observed and recorded at stated intervals. The degree of oxidation after a given period
of time is determined by the corresponding decrease in oxygen pressure.
NOTE 1—The pressure vessel has been referred to as “a bomb” in previous issues of this test method.
NOTE 2—The accepted unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa) for ASTM methods and will be parenthetically included after the conventional pound-force
per square inch (psi) value. The Energy Institute of Petroleum uses the bar as a pressure measurement. Conversion of units may be obtained as follows:
3
To convert from pound-force per square inch (psi) to pascal (Pa) multiply by 6.894757 × 10 .
To convert from pound-force per square inch (psi) to bar multiply by 0.06894757.
5
To convert from bar to pascal (Pa) multiply by 10 .
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.09.0E on Oxidation of Greases.
In the IP, this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee. This test method has been approved by the sponsoring committee and accepted by
the cooperating societies in accordance with the established procedures.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007April 1, 2015. Published June 2007June 2015. Originally approved in 1947. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 as
D942 – 02.D942 – 02 (2007). DOI: 10.1520/D0942-02R07.10.1520/D0942-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K., http://www.energyinst.org.uk.
4
Available from British Standards Institute (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd., London W4 4AL, U.K., http://www.bsi-global.com.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D942 − 15
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method measures the net change in pressure resulting from consumption of oxygen by oxidation and gain in
pressure due to formation of volatile oxidation by-products. This test met
...
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