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ASTM D2711-01a(2007)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils

Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Jul-2007
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.L0.01 - Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2711-01a - Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Replaced By
ASTM D2711-01a(2007)e1 - Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D1401-21 - Standard Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids
Effective Date
15-Jul-2007

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ASTM D2711-01a(2007) - Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating OilsASTM D2711-01a(2007) - Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
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ASTM D2711-01a(2007) - Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D2711–01a (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
1
Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2711; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability 4.1 This test provides a guide for determining the demulsi-
of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for bility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water
use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils. contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5. Apparatus
only.
3
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 5.1 Stirrer, constructedfrompartsshowninFig.1andFig.
2.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 5.2 Special Graduated Separatory Funnel, as shown in
Fig. 3.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 5.3 Heating Bath, sufficiently large and deep to permit the
immersion of at least two test separatory funnels in the bath
2. Referenced Documents
liquid up to their 500-mL graduation mark. The bath shall be
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: capable of maintaining a temperature of 82 6 1°C (180 6 2°F)
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water and shall be so equipped to hold the separatory funnels
D 1796 TestMethodforWaterandSedimentinFuelOilsby securely in a position so that the vertical axis of the stirrer
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure) corresponds to the center line of the separatory funnel during
the mixing of the oil and water.
3. Summary of Test Method
5.4 Centrifuge, as described in Test Method D 1796.
3.1 For Oils That Do Not Contain Extreme Pressure (EP) 5.5 Centrifuge Tubes, long-form, 195 to 203 mm (8 in.) as
Additives—A405-mL sample of the oil and 45 mL of distilled described in Fig. 1 of Test Method D 1796.
waterarestirredtogetherfor5minat82°C(180°F)inaspecial
6. Materials
graduated separatory funnel.After a 5-h settling period follow-
ing the stirring, a percentage of the water in the oil and the 6.1 Cleaning Solvent—Any suitable solvent capable of
volumes of water and emulsion separating from the oil are cleaning and effectively removing any oil or fluid from the
measured and recorded. stirrer and graduated cylinder. 1,1,1-Trichloroethane has been
3.2 For Oils That Contain Extreme Pressure (EP) found suitable for use in this test method. (Warning—
Additives—A360-mL sample of the oil and 90 mL of distilled 1,1,1–Trichloroethane, Harmful if inhaled or swallowed. Eye
waterarestirredtogetherfor5minat82°C(180°F)inaspecial irritant. High concentration can cause unconsciousness or
graduated separatory funnel.After a 5-h settling period follow- death.)
ing the stirring, percentage of water in the oil and the volumes
NOTE 1—In cases in which the use of 1,1,1 trichloroethane is unac-
ofwaterandemulsionseparatingfromtheoilaremeasuredand
ceptable, some laboratories are using heptane or mineral spirits as
recorded.
alternative solvents. The effect on the precision of this test method when
using an alternate solvent has not been determined.
1 6.2 Water—Type II reagent grade water conforming to
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Specification D 1193.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally
3
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D 2711–01a. The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or is Research Appliance Co., Moose Lodge Rd., Dept. T, Cambridge, MD 21613. If
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
1
the ASTM website. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Cons
...

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1.1 This practice covers the requirements for the effective monitoring of mineral oil and phosphate ester fluid lubricating oils in service auxiliary (non-turbine) equipment used for power generation. Auxiliary equipment covered includes gears, hydraulic systems, diesel engines, pumps, compressors, and electrohydraulic control (EHC) systems. It includes sampling and testing schedules and recommended action steps, as well as information on how oils degrade.
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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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1.3 Spectra and distribution profiles presented herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as representing or establishing lubricant or machinery guidelines.  
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1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines (detailed in Annex A1) and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method.
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SCOPE
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1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    8 pages
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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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    9 pages
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off