ASTM F2349-04
(Practice)Standard Practice for Operation and Maintenance of Integrated Natural Gas Pipelines and Optical Fiber Systems
Standard Practice for Operation and Maintenance of Integrated Natural Gas Pipelines and Optical Fiber Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice is intended to assist optical fiber cable owners and pipeline operators in developing operating and maintenance procedures and practices for the secondary use of gas pipelines as conduits for optical fiber cables. It must be kept in mind that the primary use of gas pipelines is for transportation of natural gas and any secondary use of the system must not materially impact the primary function. It is the responsibility of the optical fiber cable owner and pipeline operator to decide how best to integrate operating and maintenance procedures for the pipeline, the optical fiber system, and the optical fiber cable so that safety is not compromised, customers are served in the best way possible, and incremental costs are minimized.
Since the practice of integrating gas pipeline facilities and fiber optics for telecommunications purposes is a new and emerging activity, this standard will help establish guidelines for its rapid and safe deployment and will ensure that the facilities installed are maintained to operate on a long-term basis.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the operation and maintenance of natural gas distribution and service pipelines containing optical fiber cable and the operation and maintenance of the optical fiber system.
1.2 This practice applies to distribution and service lines used to transport natural gas.
1.3 This practice does not apply to natural gas transmission lines.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation:F2349–04
Standard Practice for
Operation and Maintenance of Integrated Natural Gas
Pipelines and Optical Fiber Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2349; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This practice covers the operation and maintenance of 3.1 Definitions:
natural gas distribution and service pipelines containing optical 3.1.1 CFR—United States Code of Federal Regulations.
fiber cable and the operation and maintenance of the optical 3.1.2 class location—the specific criteria for Class Loca-
fiber system. tions 1, 2, 3, and 4 as defined in CFR 192.5.
1.2 This practice applies to distribution and service lines 3.1.3 conduit—plastic tubing used to house optical fiber
used to transport natural gas. cable that is connected to, but not inside of, a pipeline.
1.3 This practice does not apply to natural gas transmission 3.1.4 confined space—an enclosed area that is large enough
lines. and so configured that a person can bodily enter and has the
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the following characteristics: (1) its primary function is something
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the other than human occupancy, and (2) has restricted entry and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- exit. (Restricted entry and exit is a physical configuration
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- which requires the use of hands or contortion of the body to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. enter into or exit from a confined space.)
3.1.5 covered tasks—as defined in CFR 192.801 (b): “an
2. Referenced Documents
activity, identified by the operator, that is performed on a
2.1 Referenced Documents:
pipeline; is an operations and maintenance task; is performed
Federal Code of Regulations Title 49, Part 192 as a requirement of this part and affects operation or integrity
IEC 60825-1 Ed. 1.2 en 2001 Safety of Laser Products—
of the pipeline.”
Part 1: Equipment Classification, Requirements and Us-
3.1.6 designatedcontrolpoint(DCP)—specificdocumented
er’s Guide locations in the pipeline system where the operations plan
IEC 60050-731 Electrotechnical Vocabulary: Optical Fiber
designates the control of gas.
Communications 3.1.7 distribution lines—a pipeline other than a gathering or
ANSI Z 117.1-2003 Safety Requirements for Confined
transmission line.
Spaces 3.1.8 emergency incident—an emergency incident may in-
OSHA Regulation 29 CFR Part 1910.146 Permit-Required
volve fire, damage to underground facilities, explosion, gas
Confined Spaces leak, injury, death, gas outage, district pressure problems,
hazardousortoxicmaterialspills,orresponsebyfire,police,or
other agencies.
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F36 on Technology
3.1.9 hot tapping—a procedure for cutting or tapping into a
and Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.10
gas pipeline under pressure.
on Optical Fiber Systems within Existing Infrastructure.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2004. Published February 2004. DOI: 10.1520/
3.1.10 innerduct—plastic tubing used to house optical fiber
F2349-04.
cable inside a natural gas pipeline.
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
3.1.11 operator—a person who engages in the transporta-
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401.
tion of gas.
Available from the International Electrochemical Commission (IEC), 3, rue de
Varembé P.O. Box 131 CH - 1211 GENEVA 20 Switzerland.
3.1.12 operator qualification program—the minimum re-
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
quirements for operator qualification of individuals performing
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
covered tasks on a pipeline. The general requirements are
Available from Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), 200
Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20210, described in CFR 49, Section 192.801.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F2349–04
3.1.13 optical fiber cable—a cable formed of one or more 4.1.4 Routine optical fiber system operations and mainte-
strands of optical fiber for transmission of data, video, audio, nance activities;
voice, or other information. 4.1.5 Cable and conduit marking; and
4.1.6 Operator qualification.
3.1.14 optical fiber cable owner—the entity holding legal
rights to, and responsible for the operation and maintenance of,
5. Significance and Use
the optical fiber cable. The owner is also responsible for
5.1 This practice is intended to assist optical fiber cable
operation and maintenance of any components associated with
the optical fiber system that are not part of the pipeline as owners and pipeline operators in developing operating and
maintenance procedures and practices for the secondary use of
defined in this standard.
gas pipelines as conduits for optical fiber cables. It must be
3.1.15 optical fiber system—a group of components that
kept in mind that the primary use of gas pipelines is for
comprisetheelementsnecessarytoenableopticalfibercableto
transportation of natural gas and any secondary use of the
be installed, maintained, and operated inside a natural gas
system must not materially impact the primary function. It is
pipeline. The optical fiber system owner and pipeline operator
the responsibility of the optical fiber cable owner and pipeline
are typically one and the same entity.
operator to decide how best to integrate operating and main-
3.1.16 pipeline—all parts of those physical facilities
tenance procedures for the pipeline, the optical fiber system,
through which gas moves in transportation, including pipe,
and the optical fiber cable so that safety is not compromised,
valves, and other appurtenance attached to pipe, compressor
customers are served in the best way possible, and incremental
units, metering stations, regulator stations, delivery stations,
costs are minimized.
holders, and fabricated assemblies.
5.2 Since the practice of integrating gas pipeline facilities
3.1.17 service line—a distribution line that transports gas
and fiber optics for telecommunications purposes is a new and
fromacommonsourceofsupplyto(1)acustomermeterorthe
emerging activity, this standard will help establish guidelines
connection to a customer’s piping, whichever is farther down-
for its rapid and safe deployment and will ensure that the
stream, or (2) the connection to a customer’s piping if there is
facilities installed are maintained to operate on a long-term
no customer meter.
basis.
3.1.18 transmission line—a pipeline, other than a gathering
line, that (1) transports gas from a gathering line or storage
6. Operations and Maintenance
facility to a distribution center, storage facility, or (2) large
6.1 General Safety Considerations:
volume customer that is not downstream from a distribution
6.1.1 Employ proper grounding procedures when working
center, or operates at a hoop stress of 20 percent or more of
on or near gas pipelines.
specified minimum yield strength.
6.1.2 Take necessary steps to prevent buildup of static
3.1.19 vault—amanhole,handhole,orotherenclosureused
electricity during fiber cable system operations near gas
to store slack-loops of cable or fiber cable splice location, or
pipelines. This includes operations involving pulling innerduct
both.
or optical fiber cable into the gas pipeline.
6.1.3 When working with optical fiber cables, care must be
4. Summary of Practice
taken to avoid fiber penetration through the skin or laser-
4.1 A gas pipeline containing optical fiber systems must be
induced eye damage. For specific guidelines, refer to
operated and maintained in a cost-effective manner with no
IEC 60825-1, Ed. 1.2, en 2001.
significant negative impacts on gas customer service while
6.1.4 Always check for the presence of gas prior to and
maintaining or improving pipeline integrity and safety to
during work on optical fiber systems or optical fiber cable that
employees, customers, and the public. In addition, the opera-
are connected to, contiguous with, or in the vicinity of gas
tion and maintenance of the optical fiber system and optical
pipelines.
fiber cable must be accomplished with minimal impact on
6.2 Mapping and Record-Keeping:
customers using the optical fibers for communication purposes
6.2.1 Each pipeline operator must keep adequate records of
and at an acceptable cost. In order to meet these criteria, the
the type and location of all parts of the optical fiber system that
fittings, tools, and practices used to deploy and maintain an
are part of the pipeline.The operator should consider recording
optical fiber system in gas pipelines must be well designed and
high consequence areas (per 49CFR192) where optical fiber
employees responsible for implementation effectively trained
systems are located.
to perform the required tasks. The areas specifically addressed
6.2.2 Records may be in the form of maps, drawings, notes,
in this standard practice are:
or any combination thereof.
4.1.1 General safety considerations;
6.2.3 The records must be available to the local operating
4.1.2 Emergency response procedures, including gas con-
personnel responsible for the pipeline where the optical fiber
trol, emergency pipe repair, and communication procedures;
system is deployed.
4.1.3 Routine pipeline operation and maintenance activities, 6.2.4 Records should be employed by the pipeline operator
including service and main connections, pipe repair, leak to minimize the possibility that the optical fiber system is
detection, and leak inspection; inadvertently damaged by pipeline operator activities.
F2349–04
6.3 Emergency Response Procedures Involving Pipeline 6.3.6). If it does, control gas in the innerduct using procedures
Facilities and Optical Fiber Systems: developed or approved by the operator.
6.3.4 Notification and Communication between Pipeline
6.3.1 Standard Requirements—The pipeline operator must
Operator and Optical Fiber Cable Owner:
adhere to emergency procedures as required by CFR 49,
6.3.4.1 Notification Contacts—The pipeline operator and
Subpart F, Section 192.615. These procedures must be modi-
fied to account for any special conditions or tools needed to optical fiber cable owner or designee will notify each respec-
tive party of emergency incidents related to natural gas,
deal with emergency responses to pipelines containing optical
fiber cable. pipeline facilities, or the optical fiber system. Usually, the
pipeline operator will become aware of a gas facility-related
6.3.2 On-Site Management Control—For emergency inci-
emergency incident first and should notify the optical fiber
dents where there is a possibility of an unsafe condition
cable owner representative in a manner covered in a written
involving natural gas or natural gas facilities, the pipeline
agreement between the parties. Likewise, if the optical fiber
operator employee on site must control all activities related to
cable owner detects an optical fiber cable or innerduct break
the incident and is required to follow their written emergency
located in a gas pipeline through its monitoring equipment, it
procedures. This means that any optical fiber cable owner
shall immediately notify the pipeline operator.
representative present at the emergency site must consult with
6.3.4.2 Conditions for Notification—If possible, the pipe-
and defer to the pipeline operator regarding any proposed
line operator will contact the optical fiber cable owner prior to
activity at or near the site.The pipeline operator will take steps
action being taken if:
to stabilize the emergency incident to eliminate any related
(1) The pipeline operator must take action on the gas
safety issues as quickly as possible so that the optical fiber
pipeline that may damage the optical fiber system,
cable owner may take necessary steps to deal with any fiber
cable issues, including installation of a temporary cable bypass (2) The damaged gas line contains optical fiber cable, and
connection in or near the emergency incident location. (3) There is a possibility that assistance by the optical fiber
cable owner may be required, but no immediate action is
6.3.3 Incorporating Optical Fiber System Design into
necessary.
Emergency Response Procedures:
6.3.4.3 Documentation of Communication Protocol—A
6.3.3.1 Use of Designated Control Points (DCP)—An op-
written guideline should be developed and kept on file with
tical fiber system should be designed such that fiber cable exit
both the pipeline operator and the optical fiber cable owner
and re-entry points afford an adequate space on the pipe to
containing the following information:
install one or more gas stopping fittings or to pinch close the
(1) Pipeline operator contact information for emergency
pipe.At such locations, between exit and re-entry points in the
response,
pipe, fiber cable is not present and any conventional method of
(2) Optical fiber cable owner contact information for
gas control is acceptable.
emergency response,
NOTE 1—Polyethylene pipe used in natural gas pipelines is generally
(3) Criteria for an event to trigger emergency response
designed to allow pinching only once at a given location.
notification, and
6.3.3.2 Design Distance Between DCPs—The recom- (4) Agreement on hierarchy of notification and target time
mended maximum distance between pairs of exit and re-entry
for notification after incident occurs.
fittings should be chosen to minimize the requirements to
6.3.5 Damage to Gas Pipeline and Optical Fiber System:
control gas within the span length during emergency incidents.
6.3.5.1 Response—Control of gas being released to the
The pipeline operator should attempt to control gas at these
atmosphere, whether coming from the pipeline or the optical
designated fitting exit and re-entry locations during an emer-
fiber system, is performed by the pipeline operator.
gency incident to avoid optical fiber cable damage. In many
6.3.5.2 Controlling an Unsafe Situation—The pipeline op-
cases, effective control of a pipeline can be achieved without
erator must act in a manner consistent with its emergency
cable damage if the exit and re-entry fitting pairs are located no
response plan to control an unsafe situation. In most cases,
more than 1500 feet apart. In some cases, the pipeline operator
controlling leaking or blowing gas can be achieved safely by
may choose to reduce th
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