ASTM D7391-20
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Categorization and Quantification of Airborne Fungal Structures in an Inertial Impaction Sample by Optical Microscopy
Standard Test Method for Categorization and Quantification of Airborne Fungal Structures in an Inertial Impaction Sample by Optical Microscopy
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to estimate and categorize the number and type of fungal structures present on an inertial impactor sample.
5.2 Fungal structures are identified and quantified regardless of whether they would or would not grow in culture.
5.3 It must be emphasized that the detector in this test method is the analyst, and therefore results are subjective, depending on the experience, training, qualification, and mental and optical fatigue of the analyst.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a procedure that uses direct microscopy to analyze the deposit on an inertial impaction sample.
1.2 This test method describes procedures for categorizing and enumerating fungal structures by morphological type. Typically, categories may be as small as genus (for example, Cladosporium) or as large as phylum (for example, basidiospores).
1.3 This test method contains two procedures for enumerating fungal structures: one for slit impaction samples and one for circular impaction samples. This test method is applicable for impaction air samples, for which a known volume of air (at a rate as recommended by the manufacturer) has been drawn, and is also applicable for blank impaction samples.
1.4 Enumeration results are presented in fungal structures/sample (fs/sample) and fungal structures/m3 (fs/m3).
1.5 The range of enumeration results that can be determined with this test method depends on the size of the spores on the sample trace, the amount of particulate matter on the sample trace, the percentage of the sample trace counted, and the volume of air sampled.
1.6 This test method addresses only the analysis of samples. The sampling process and interpretation of results is outside the scope of this test method.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:D7391 −20
Standard Test Method for
Categorization and Quantification of Airborne Fungal
Structures in an Inertial Impaction Sample by Optical
1
Microscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7391; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.1 This test method is a procedure that uses direct micros-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
copy to analyze the deposit on an inertial impaction sample.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.2 This test method describes procedures for categorizing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
and enumerating fungal structures by morphological type.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Typically, categories may be as small as genus (for example,
Cladosporium) or as large as phylum (for example, basidi-
2. Referenced Documents
ospores).
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 This test method contains two procedures for enumer-
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
ating fungal structures: one for slit impaction samples and one
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
for circular impaction samples. This test method is applicable
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
forimpactionairsamples,forwhichaknownvolumeofair(at
a rate as recommended by the manufacturer) has been drawn,
3. Terminology
and is also applicable for blank impaction samples.
3.1 ASTM Definitions (see the ASTM Online Dictionary of
3
1.4 Enumeration results are presented in fungal structures/
Engineering Science and Technology ):
3 3
sample (fs/sample) and fungal structures/m (fs/m ).
3.1.1 numerical aperture.
1.5 Therangeofenumerationresultsthatcanbedetermined
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
with this test method depends on the size of the spores on the
3.2.1 circular impaction sample, n—a sample of airborne
sample trace, the amount of particulate matter on the sample
particulatemattercollectedbymeansofadevicethatdrawsair
trace, the percentage of the sample trace counted, and the
through a round aperture at a specified rate, impacting the
volume of air sampled.
particles suspended in the air onto an adhesive medium,
resulting in a circular area of deposition.Acircular impaction
1.6 Thistestmethodaddressesonlytheanalysisofsamples.
The sampling process and interpretation of results is outside sample may be collected by means of a cassette manufactured
forthatpurpose,orbymeansofasamplingdevicethatrequires
the scope of this test method.
slides to be pre-coated with impaction medium.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2.2 debris rating, n—a distinct value assigned to an
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
impactor sample based on the percentage of the sample area
standard.
potentially obscured by particulate matter, and ranging from 0
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to 5.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.3 field blank, n—asampleslideorcassettecarriedtothe
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sampling site, exposed to sampling conditions (for example,
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.08 on Assessment, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Sampling, and Analysis of Microorganisms. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved March 15, 2020. Published April 2020. Originally ASTM Online Dictionary of Engineering Science and Technology (Stock #:
ɛ1
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D7391 – 17 . DOI: DEFONLINE) is available on theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM
10.1520/D7391-20. Customer Service at service@astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7391−20
seals opened), returned to the laboratory, treated as a
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7391 − 17 D7391 − 20
Standard Test Method for
Categorization and Quantification of Airborne Fungal
Structures in an Inertial Impaction Sample by Optical
1
Microscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7391; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Research report information added editorially in May 2017.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is a procedure that uses direct microscopy to analyze the deposit on an inertial impaction sample.
1.2 This test method describes procedures for categorizing and enumerating fungal structures by morphological type. Typically,
categories may be as small as genus (for example, Cladosporium) or as large as phylum (for example, basidiospores).
1.3 This test method contains two procedures for enumerating fungal structures: one for slit impaction samples and one for
circular impaction samples. This test method is applicable for impaction air samples, for which a known volume of air (at a rate
as recommended by the manufacturer) has been drawn, and is also applicable for blank impaction samples.
3 3
1.4 Enumeration results are presented in fungal structures/sample (fs/sample) and fungal structures/m (fs/m ).
1.5 The range of enumeration results that can be determined with this test method depends on the size of the spores on the
sample trace, the amount of particulate matter on the sample trace, the percentage of the sample trace counted, and the volume
of air sampled.
1.6 This test method addresses only the analysis of samples. The sampling process and interpretation of results is outside the
scope of this test method.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology
3
3.1 ASTM Definitions (see the ASTM Online Dictionary of Engineering Science and Technology ):
3.1.1 numerical aperture.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Air Quality and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.08 on Sampling Assessment,
Sampling, and Analysis of MoldMicroorganisms.
Current edition approved March 15, 2017March 15, 2020. Published April 2017April 2020. Originally approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 20092017 as
ɛ1
D7391 – 09.17 . DOI: 10.1520/D7391-17E01.10.1520/D7391-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
ASTM Online Dictionary of Engineering Science and Technology (Stock #: DEFONLINE) is available on the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer
Service at service@astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7391 − 20
3.2.1 circular impaction sample, n—a sample of airborne particulate matter collected by means of a device that draws air
through a round aperture at a specified rate, impacting the particles suspended in the air onto an adhesive medium, resulting in a
circular area of deposition. A circular impaction sample may be collected by means of a cassette manufactured for that purpose,
or by means of a sampling device that requires slides to be pre-coated with impaction medium.
3.2.2 debris ratin
...
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