ASTM C501-84(2002)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance to Wear of Unglazed Ceramic Tile by the Taber Abraser
Standard Test Method for Relative Resistance to Wear of Unglazed Ceramic Tile by the Taber Abraser
ABSTRACT
This test method covers the establishment of an abrasive wear index by determination of the loss of weight resulting from abrasion of unglazed ceramic tile by Taber Abraser. The test method consists of mounting the tile specimens in suitable holders, attaching the mounted holders to the spindle of the Taber Abraser, and subjecting the specimens to a prescribed number of revolutions under abrasive wheels of specified coarseness and under a definite applied load. The apparatus consists of Taber abrading machine, vacuum pick-up, revolution counter, wheel refacer, and balance. The procedure of sampling and mounting the test specimen are detailed. The formula for calculating the abrasive wear index from the loss of weight due to abrasion is given.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the establishment of an abrasive wear index by determination of the loss of weight resulting from abrasion of unglazed ceramic tile. It is applicable to tile described in Definitions C 242.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:C501–84 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Relative Resistance to Wear of Unglazed Ceramic Tile by
the Taber Abraser
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C501; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope SS-T–308b Tile, Floor, Wall, and Trim Units, Ceramic
1.1 This test method covers the establishment of an abra-
3. Terminology
sivewearindexbydeterminationofthelossofweightresulting
3.1 Definitions:
from abrasion of unglazed ceramic tile. It is applicable to tile
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, see
described in Definitions C242.
Terminology C242.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Thistestmethodconsistsofmountingthetilespecimens
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
in suitable holders, attaching the mounted holders to the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
spindle of the Taber Abraser, and subjecting the specimens to
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a prescribed number of revolutions under abrasive wheels of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specified coarseness and under a definite applied load. From
the loss of weight due to abrasion, the abrasive wear index is
2. Referenced Documents
calculated by a given formula.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and Related
5. Apparatus
Products
5.1 Taber Abrading Machine, equipped with replaceable
2.2 Federal Specification:
hard abrasive H-22 Calibrade wheels, which can be loaded by
weights.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-21 on
5.2 Vacuum Pick-Up, to remove the abraded material while
Ceramic Whitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of
the machine is in operation.
Subcommittee C21.06 on Ceramic Tile.
5.3 Revolution Counter.
Current edition approved Dec. 28, 1984. Published February 1985. Originally
published as C501 – 62. Last previous edition C501 – 80. DOI: 10.1520/C0501- 5.4 Wheel Refacer.
84R02.
5.5 Balance, having a sensitivity of 0.05 g.
This test method is basically the same as the abrasion test given in Federal
Specification SS-T-308b, except two minor changes have been made:
6. Sampling
(1) The number of specimens required by the test is changed from three to four,
so that the condition of the abrasive wheels used can be specified as new and once
6.1 Four tile specimens 4 in. (102 mm) square or larger, or
dressed. The diameters of wheels redressed more than once vary greatly and
if ceramic mosaic tile, sufficient tile for four specimen assem-
nonuniformly, introducing an unnecessary variation in test results.
blies 4 in. square shall constitute a sample and shall be chosen
(2) The bulk specific gravity of the tile tested has been eliminated from
fromthelottobetested.Onlytilethatshownovisiblewarpage
calculation of the wear index. The probable resulting maximum error of 2 ⁄2 %in
the wear-index value, when an average is assumed, does not justify the cumbersome
when checked with a straightedge shall be used.
determinations of bulk specific gravity of the specimen. Measurements of bulk
specific gravities of twenty different unglazed tile from eight different manufactur-
7. Test Specimen
ers, including quarry tile, porcelain tile, natural clay tile and conductive tile showed
a range of bulk specific gravity from 2.34 to 2.47, except for that of conductive tile 7.1 The test specimen shall be 4 in. (102 mm) square and in
which was as high as 2.98. The average of 2.40 was selected as a constant to be
one piece, if possible. If larger, it should be trimmed down to
substituted for G in the SS-T-308b formula to obtain the formula in this test method.
the desired size by removing equal amounts on opposite sides.
Therefore, to obtain the value 88, the constant of 36.75 in the SS-T-308b test has
been multipled by 2.40 to keep the wear indexes of both tests on the same numerical
scale.
3 4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The Tabor Abraser and the Model 200 wheel refacer are available from
the ASTM website. Teledyne Taber Instrument Corp., 17 Goundry St., North Tonawanda, NY 14150.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C501–84 (2002)
In case of ceramic mosaic tile where several small units m
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