ASTM G105-16

Standard Test Method for Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The severity of abrasive wear in any system will depend upon the abrasive particle size, shape and hardness, the magnitude of the stress imposed by the particle, and the frequency of contact of the abrasive particle. In this test method these conditions are standardized to develop a uniform condition of wear which has been referred to as scratching abrasion (1 and 2). Since the test method does not attempt to duplicate all of the process conditions (abrasive size, shape, pressure, impact or corrosive elements), it should not be used to predict the exact resistance of a given material in a specific environment. The value of the test method lies in predicting the ranking of materials in a similar relative order of merit as would occur in an abrasive environment. Volume loss data obtained from test materials whose lives are unknown in a specific abrasive environment may, however, be compared with test data obtained from a material whose life is known in the same environment. The comparison will provide a general indication of the worth of the unknown materials if abrasion is the predominant factor causing deterioration of the materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching abrasion by means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It is the intent of this procedure to provide data that will reproducibly rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specified set of conditions.  
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in cubic millimetres. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will have a lower volume loss.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2016
• ICS: 83.160.01 - Tyres in general
• Technical Committee: G02 - Wear and Erosion
• Drafting Committee: G02.30 - Abrasive Wear

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G105 − 16
Standard Test Method for
1
Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope G40Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
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2.2 SAE Standard:
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for de-
SAE J200Classification System for Rubber Materials
termining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching
abrasion by means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It is the
3. Terminology
intent of this procedure to provide data that will reproducibly
rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under
3.1 Definitions:
a specified set of conditions.
3.1.1 abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard
protuberancesforcedagainstandmovingalongasolidsurface.
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in
3.1.1.1 Discussion—This definition covers several different
cubic millimetres. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will
wear modes or mechanisms that fall under the abrasive wear
have a lower volume loss.
category. These modes may degrade a surface by scratching,
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 4
cutting, deformation, or gouging (1 and 2). G40
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The wet sand/rubber wheel abrasion test (Fig. 1) in-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
volves the abrading of a standard test specimen with a slurry
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
containing grit of controlled size and composition. The abra-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
sive is introduced between the test specimen and a rotating
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
wheel with a neoprene rubber tire or rim of a specified
hardness. The test specimen is pressed against the rotating
2. Referenced Documents
wheel at a specified force by means of a lever arm while the
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
grit abrades the test surface. The rotation of the wheel is such
D2000Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-
that stirring paddles on both sides agitate the abrasive slurry
motive Applications
through which it passes to provide grit particles to be carried
D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHard-
across the contact face in the direction of wheel rotation.
ness
4.2 Three wheels are required with nominal Shore A
E11Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest
Durometer hardnesses of 50, 60, and 70, with a hardness
Sieves
toleranceof 62.0.Arun-inisconductedwiththe50Durometer
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
wheel, followed by the test with 50, 60, and 70 Durometer
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
wheelsinorderofincreasinghardness.Specimensareweighed
Lot or Process
before and after each run and the loss in mass recorded. The
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
logarithms of mass loss are plotted as a function of measured
ASTM Test Methods
rubber wheel hardness and a test value is determined from a
least square line as the mass loss at 60.0 Durometer. It is
necessary to convert the mass loss to volume loss, due to wide
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear
differences in density of materials, in order to obtain a ranking
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive
Wear. of materials.Abrasion is then reported as volume loss in cubic
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally
millimetres.
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as G105–02 (2007)
which was withdrawn January 2016 and reinstated in June 2016. DOI: 10.1520/
G0105-16.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
the ASTM website. this standard.
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G105 − 16
FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of the Wear Test Apparatus
5. Significance and Use (1-7)
5.1 Theseverityofabrasivewearinanysystemwilld
...