ASTM D6593-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to evaluate an automotive engine oil's control of engine deposits under operating conditions deliberately selected to accelerate deposit formation. This test method was correlated with field service data, determined from side-by-side comparisons of two or more oils in police, taxi fleets, and delivery van services. The same field service oils were then used in developing the operating conditions of this test procedure.
5.2 This test method, along with other test methods, defines the minimum performance level of the API Category SL (detailed information about this category is included in Specification D4485). This test method is also incorporated in automobile manufacturers' factory-fill specifications.
5.3 The basic engine used in this test method is representative of many that are in modern automobiles. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, should be considered when interpreting test results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is commonly referred to as the Sequence VG test,2 and it has been correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go service prior to 1996, particularly with regard to sludge and varnish formation.3 It is one of the test methods required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy the API SL performance category.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or specified single source equipment.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 7.7, 7.10.2.2, 8.3.4.2, 8.4.4.3, 9.2.6, 9.3.4.5, 12.1.1.7, 12.2.1.4, and Annex A5.
1.4 A Table of Contents follows:
Section
Scope
1
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Summary of Test Method
4
Significance and Use
5
Apparatus (General Description)
6
Apparatus (The Test Engine)
7
Sequence VG Test Engine
7.1
Required New Engine Parts
7.2
Reusable Engine Parts
7.3
Specially Fabricated Engine Parts
7.4
Special Engine Measurement and Assembly Equipment
7.5
Miscellaneous Engine Components-Preparation
7.6
Solvents and Cleaners Required
7.7
Assembling the Test Engine-Preparations
7.8
Assembling the Test Engine-Installations
7.9
Engine Installation on the Test Stand
7.10
Engine Fluids (Supply/Discharge Systems)
8
Intake Air
8.1
Fuel and Fuel System
8.2
Engine Oil and Engine Oil System
8.3
Coolants
8.4
Measurement Instrumentation
9
Temperatures
9.1
Pressures
9.2
Flow Rates
9.3
Fuel Consumption
9.4
Speed and Load
9.5
Exhaust Gas
9.6
Humidity
9.7
Miscellaneous Laboratory Equipment
10
Test Stand Calibration
11
Test Procedure
12
Pre-Test Procedure
12.1
Engine Operating Procedure
12.2
Periodic Measurements and Functions
12.3
Special Maintenance Procedures
12.4
Diagnostic Data Review
12.5
End of Test Procedure
12.6
Interpretation of Test Results
13
Parts Rating Area-Environment
13.1
Sludge Ratings
13.2
Varnish Ratings
13.3
Clogging
13.4
Sticking
13.5
Used Oil Analyses
13.6
Assessment of Test Validity
14
General
14.1
Used Oil Analyses-Interpretation
14.2
Blowby Flow Rate
...
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Designation: D6593 − 16
StandardTest Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of
Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion
Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-
1
Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1).
TheTMCprovidesreferenceoils,andengineeringandstatisticalservicestolaboratoriesthatdesire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
theAmericanChemistryCouncilrequirethatalaboratoryutilizetheTMCservicesaspartoftheirtest
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence theTest Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
1. Scope* 1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent
such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing
1.1 This test method covers and is commonly referred to as
2
size, or specified single source equipment.
theSequenceVGtest, andithasbeencorrelatedwithvehicles
used in stop-and-go service prior to 1996, particularly with
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3
regard to sludge and varnish formation. It is one of the test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
methods required to evaluate oils intended to satisfy the API
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
SL performance category.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
statements are given in 7.7, 7.10.2.2, 8.3.4.2, 8.4.4.3, 9.2.6,
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
9.3.4.5, 12.1.1.7, 12.2.1.4, and Annex A5.
standard.
1.4 A Table of Contents follows:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Section
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Scope 1
Subcommittee D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.
Referenced Documents 2
Current edition approved April 1, 2016. Published April 2016. Originally
Terminology 3
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D6593–15a. DOI:
Summary of Test Method 4
10.1520/D6593-16. Significance and Use 5
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center Apparatus (General Description) 6
Apparatus (The Test Engine) 7
will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information
Sequence VG Test Engine 7.1
letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave.,
Required New Engine Parts 7.2
Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates
Reusable Engine Parts 7.3
revisions in all information Letters through No. 15–1.
3
Specially Fabricated Engine Parts 7.4
Supporting data have been filed atASTM International Headquarters and may
Special Engine Measurement and Assembly Equipment 7.5
be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1472.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6593 − 16
D86Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and
Miscellaneous Engine Components-Preparation 7.6
Solvents and Cleaners Required 7.7
Liquid Fuels at Atmospheric Pressure
Assembling the Test Engine-Preparations 7.8
D235Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
Assembling the Test Engine-Installations 7.9
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
Engin
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6593 − 15a D6593 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of
Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion
Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-
1
Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6593; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Portions of this test method are written for use by laboratories that make use of ASTM Test
2
Monitoring Center (TMC) services (see Annex A1).
The TMC provides reference oils, and engineering and statistical services to laboratories that desire
to produce test results that are statistically similar to those produced by laboratories previously
calibrated by the TMC.
In general, the Test Purchaser decides if a calibrated test stand is to be used. Organizations such as
the American Chemistry Council require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services as part of their test
registration process. In addition, the American Petroleum Institute and the Gear Lubricant Review
Committee of the Lubricant Review Institute (SAE International) require that a laboratory use the
TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against their specifications.
The advantage of using the TMC services to calibrate test stands is that the test laboratory (and
hence the Test Purchaser) has an assurance that the test stand was operating at the proper level of test
severity. It should also be borne in mind that results obtained in a non-calibrated test stand may not
be the same as those obtained in a test stand participating in the ASTM TMC services process.
Laboratories that choose not to use the TMC services may simply disregard these portions.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This test method covers and is commonly referred to as the Sequence VG test, and it has been correlated with vehicles used
3
in stop-and-go service prior to 1996, particularly with regard to sludge and varnish formation. It is one of the test methods required
to evaluate oils intended to satisfy the API SL performance category.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or
specified single source equipment.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in 7.7, 7.10.2.2, 8.3.4.2, 8.4.4.3, 9.2.6, 9.3.4.5, 12.1.1.7, 12.2.1.4, and
Annex A5.
1.4 A Table of Contents follows:
Section
Scope 1
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015April 1, 2016. Published October 2015April 2016. Originally approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as
D6593 – 15.D6593 – 15a. DOI: 10.1520/D6593-15A.10.1520/D6593-16.
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information letters
may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in all
information Letters through No. 14–5.15–1.
3
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may be obtained by requesting Research Report RR:D02-1472.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6593 − 16
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Summary of Test Method 4
Significance and Use 5
Apparatus (General Description) 6
Apparatus (The Test Engine) 7
Sequence VG Test Engine 7.1
Required New Engine Parts 7.2
Reusable Engine Parts 7.3
Specially Fabricated Engine Parts 7.4
Special Engine Measurement
...
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