ASTM A491-11(2022)

Standard Specification for Aluminum-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence Fabric

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the basic physical requirements for steel chain-link fence fabric that are aluminum-coated before weaving. Fabrics conforming to this specification shall meet specified requirements for weave form and typical diamond count, size of mesh, size of wire, height of fabric, selvage, weight of aluminum coating, breaking strength, workmanship and finish, and standard length of rolls.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers aluminum-coated steel chain-link fence fabric, aluminum-coated before weaving.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2022
• ICS: 77.140.65 - Steel wire, wire ropes and link chains
• Technical Committee: F14 - Fences
• Drafting Committee: F14.40 - Chain Link Fence and Wire Accessories

Relations

• Refers: ASTM A370-24 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2024
• Refers: ASTM A700-14(2019) - Standard Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2019
• Refers: ASTM A370-19 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM A370-17a - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM A370-17 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2017
• Refers: ASTM A370-15 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2015
• Refers: ASTM A700-14 - Standard Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods for Steel Products for Shipment
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2014
• Refers: ASTM A370-14 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-May-2014
• Refers: ASTM A370-13 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2013
• Refers: ASTM A370-12a - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2012
• Refers: ASTM A370-12 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Mar-2012
• Refers: ASTM A370-11a - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2011
• Refers: ASTM A370-10 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2010
• Refers: ASTM A370-09ae1 - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2009
• Refers: ASTM A370-09a - Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A491 −11 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Specification for
Aluminum-Coated Steel Chain-Link Fence Fabric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A491; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification covers aluminum-coated steel chain- 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
link fence fabric, aluminum-coated before weaving. 3.1.1 chain link fence fabric—a fencing material made from
steel wire helically wound and interwoven in such a manner as
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
to provide a continuous mesh without knots or ties except in
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
the form of knuckling or of twisting the ends of the wires to
information only.
form the selvage of the fabric.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 diamond count—the number of diamond openings
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
from one edge of the fabric to the other. The diamond count of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a given fabric shall begin at the first completed diamond at one
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
edge and continue to the unfinished ( ⁄2 ) or full opening at the
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
other edge.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.3 knuckling—a term used to describe the type of selvage
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the obtained by interlocking adjacent pairs of wire ends and then
bending the wire ends back into a loop. The loop shall be
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical closedornearlyclosedtoameasurementlessthanthediameter
of the wire.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.4 twisting—a term used to describe the type of selvage
2. Referenced Documents
obtained by twisting adjacent pairs of wire ends together in a
2.1 ASTM Standards:
close helix of 1 ⁄2 machine turns, which is equivalent to 3 full
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
twists, and cutting the wire ends at an angle. The wire ends
of Steel Products
beyond the twist shall be at least ⁄4 in. (6.4 mm) long. This
A700 Guide for Packaging, Marking, and Loading Methods
type of selvage is not used on fabric with a mesh size of less
for Steel Products for Shipment
than 2 in. (50.8 mm).
A817 Specification for Metallic-Coated Steel Wire for
Chain-Link Fence Fabric and Marcelled Tension Wire
4. Ordering Information
2.2 Federal Standard:
4.1 Orders for chain-link fence fabric purchased to this
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment, Civil Agencies
specification shall include the following information:
2.3 Military Standards:
4.1.1 Quantity (Section 14),
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
4.1.2 Size of mesh (Section 7),
MIL-STD-163 Steel Mill Products, Preparation for Ship-
4.1.3 Size of wire (Section 8),
ment and Storage
4.1.4 Height of fabric (Section 9),
4.1.5 Diamond count, if specified (Section 6),
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F14 on Fences
4.1.6 Type of selvage (Section 10),
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F14.40 on Chain Link Fence and
4.1.7 Certification if required (Section 17), and
Wire Accessories.
4.1.8 ASTM designation and year of issue.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally
approvedin1963.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2017asA491 – 11(2017).DOI:
4.2 All rolls of fencing accepted by the purchaser shall be
10.1520/A0491-11R22.
2 billed on the basis of the original footage of the rolls before
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM sampling, unless changed by contractual arrangement.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
NOTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows: 25 rolls, 50 ft
the ASTM website.
AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg.4SectionD,700 each,chain-linkfencefabric,aluminum-coated,2in.mesh.0.148in.wire,
Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS. 60 in. high, knuckled both selvages, to ASTM A491–XX.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
A491 − 11 (2022)
5. Materials in. (25 mm) and over and 6 ⁄2 in. (613 mm) for all fabric with
mesh sizes less than 1 in. (25 mm).
5.1 The wire from which the fabric is woven shall conform
to all requirements of Specification A817 for Type I coating.
10. Selvage
6. Weave
10.1 Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, fabrics
with 2- or 2 ⁄8-in. (50- or 54-mm) mesh, in heights 60 in. (1520
6.1 The wire shall be woven throughout in the form of
mm) and under shall be knuckled at both selvages. Fabric 72
approximately uniform square mesh, having parallel sides and
in. (1830 mm) high and over shall be knuckled at one selvage
horizontal and vertical diagonals of approximately uniform
and twisted at the other.
dimensions.The top and bottom of the fabric shall be knuckled
or twisted as specified in Section 10.
10.2 The selvages of fabrics with meshes of less than 2 in.
(50 mm) shall be knuckled.
6.2 Typical diamond count for each standard height is
shown in Table 1. Other diamond counts are permissible
NOTE 2—Caution:Twisted selvages for fence fabric under 72 in. (1830
provided that they are consistent within a lot. The purchaser
mm) in height are not recommended because of consumer safety consid-
has the option to specify the diamond count (4.1.5). erations.
7. Size of Mesh
11. Weight of Aluminum Coating
7.1 The size of mesh shall be as indicated in Table 2 (see
11.1 The weight of aluminum coating on the wire in the
Fig. 1).
fabric shall be as specified in Specification A817, for the wire
diameter used (see Table 3).
7.2 The permissible variation from the specified size of
mesh shall be 6 ⁄8 in. (63.2 mm) for all mesh sizes over 1 in.
1 12. Breaking Strength
(25mm),and 6 ⁄16 in.(61.6mm)forallmeshsizes1in.(25.4
mm) and under.
12.1 Wire constituting the fabric shall meet the minimum
breaking strength listed in the Breaking Strength Table of
7.3 The size of mesh shall be determined by measuring the
Specification A817 (see Table 4) when tested in accordance
minimum clear distance between the wires forming the parallel
with Test Methods and Definitions A370. Specimens used to
sides of the mesh, and determined as the average of two
establish conformance with this requirement shall consist of
readings taken at right angles to each other.
individual pickets from a section of the fence fabric. The
8. Size of Wire
specimen shall be of sufficient length so as to be firmly gripped
in the testing machine after straightening. The actual gage
8.1 Chain-link fabric shall be fabricated from wire diam-
length(distancebetweenjaws)ofthespecimenshallbelimited
eters as listed in Specification A817, with a permissible
to the undeformed length of wire between two adjacent
variation from the specified diameter of the coated wire of
straightened bends.
60.005 in. (60.13 mm).
9. Height of Fabric 13. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9.1 Chain-link fabric shall be furnished in the standard 13.1 Chain-link fence fabric shall be produced by methods
heights shown in Table 2. Custom order fabric is available in recognized as good commercial practices. The aluminized
heights to and including 20 ft. (6.56 m). The height of fabric before-weaving fabric shall be woven using proven industry
shall be the overall dimension from ends of twists or knuckles. procedures to ensure a smooth consistent surface without
Thepermissiblevariationfromthespecifiedheightshallbe 61 penetrating to the substrate, except at the selvage cut ends, see
in. (625 mm) for standard selvage on fabric with mesh sizes 1 Note 3.
A
TABLE 1 Typical Diamond Count
NOTE 1—Other diamond counts are permitted (see 6.2).
NOTE 2— For fabric heights over 144 in., see Section 9.
Height of Fence Fabric, in.
Nominal Diameter Coated Size of
Wire, in. Mesh, in.
36 42 48 60 72 84 96 108 120 144
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
0.192 2
...