ASTM A370-12a
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The primary use of these test methods is testing to determine the specified mechanical properties of steel, stainless steel and related alloy products for the evaluation of conformance of such products to a material specification under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 and its subcommittees as designated by a purchaser in a purchase order or contract.
3.1.1 These test methods may be and are used by other ASTM Committees and other standards writing bodies for the purpose of conformance testing.
3.1.2 The material condition at the time of testing, sampling frequency, specimen location and orientation, reporting requirements, and other test parameters are contained in the pertinent material specification or in a General Requirement Specification for the particular product form.
3.1.3 Some material specifications require the use of additional test methods not described herein; in such cases, the required test method is described in that material specification or by reference to another appropriate test method standard.
3.2 These test methods are also suitable to be used for testing of steel, stainless steel and related alloy materials for other purposes, such as incoming material acceptance testing by the purchaser or evaluation of components after service exposure.
3.2.1 As with any mechanical testing, deviations from either specification limits or expected as-manufactured properties can occur for valid reasons besides deficiency of the original as-fabricated product. These reasons include, but are not limited to: subsequent service degradation from environmental exposure (for example, temperature, corrosion); static or cyclic service stress effects, mechanically-induced damage, material inhomogeneity, anisotropic structure, natural aging of select alloys, further processing not included in the specification, sampling limitations, and measuring equipment calibration uncertainty. There is statistical variation in all aspects of mechanical te...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods2 cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:
Sections
Tension
6 to 14
Bend
15
Hardness
16
Brinell
17
Rockwell
18
Portable
19
Impact
20 to 29
Keywords
30
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products are appended to these test methods as follows:
Annex
Bar Products
A1.1
Tubular Products
Annex A2
Fasteners
Annex A3
Round Wire Products
Annex A4
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing
Annex A5
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to
Equivalents for Flat Specimens
Annex A6
Testing Multi-Wire Strand
Annex A7
Rounding of Test Data
Annex A8
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars
Annex A9
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-Cycle Simulation
Annex A10
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 When this document is referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 or 8 in. may be reported in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm, respectively, as applicable. Conversely, when this document is referenced in an inch-pound product specification, the...
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Designation:A370 −12a
StandardTest Methods and Definitions for
1
Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A370; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 1.5 When this document is referenced in a metric product
2 specification,theyieldandtensilevaluesmaybedeterminedin
1.1 These test methods cover procedures and definitions
inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units.The
forthemechanicaltestingofsteels,stainlesssteels,andrelated
elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 or 8
alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used
in. may be reported in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm,
to determine properties required in the product specifications.
respectively, as applicable. Conversely, when this document is
Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard
referenced in an inch-pound product specification, the yield
methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible
and tensile values may be determined in SI units then con-
and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing
verted into inch-pound units. The elongation determined in SI
requirementsforcertainproductsareuniqueoratvariancewith
unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm may be reported in
these general procedures, the product specification testing
inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 or 8 in., respectively, as
requirements shall control.
applicable.
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:
1.6 Attention is directed to ISO/IEC 17025 when there may
Sections
be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing
Tension 6 to 14
Bend 15 laboratories.
Hardness 16
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Brinell 17
Rockwell 18
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Portable 19
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Impact 20 to 29
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Keywords 30
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products
are appended to these test methods as follows:
2. Referenced Documents
Annex
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Bar Products A1.1
Tubular Products Annex A2
A623Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Require-
Fasteners Annex A3
ments
Round Wire Products Annex A4
A623MSpecification for Tin Mill Products, General Re-
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing Annex A5
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to Annex A6
quirements [Metric]
Equivalents for Flat Specimens
A703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General
Testing Multi-Wire Strand Annex A7
Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
Rounding of Test Data Annex A8
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars Annex A9
A781/A781MSpecification for Castings, Steel and Alloy,
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-Cycle Simulation Annex A10
Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
A833Practice for Indentation Hardness of Metallic Materi-
as the standard.
als by Comparison Hardness Testers
E4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
1
These test methods and definitions are under the jurisdiction of ASTM
E8/E8MTest Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the direct
terials
responsibility of Subcommittee A01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing and
Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes.
Current edition approved October 15, 2012. Published November 2012. Origi-
3
nallyapprovedin1953.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2012asA370–12.DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/A0370-12a. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-370 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A370−12a
E10Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials inhomogeneity, anisotropic structure, natural aging of select
E18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A370 − 12 A370 − 12a
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for
1
Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A370; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 These test methods cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys.
The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations
in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable
results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general
procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:
Sections
Tension 5 to 13
Tension 6 to 14
Bend 14
Bend 15
Hardness 15
Hardness 16
Brinell 16
Brinell 17
Rockwell 17
Rockwell 18
Portable 18
Portable 19
Impact 19 to 28
Impact 20 to 29
Keywords 29
Keywords 30
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products are appended to these test methods as follows:
Annex
Bar Products A1.1
Tubular Products Annex A2
Fasteners Annex A3
Round Wire Products Annex A4
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing Annex A5
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to Annex A6
Equivalents for Flat Specimens
Testing Multi-Wire Strand Annex A7
Rounding of Test Data Annex A8
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars Annex A9
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-Cycle Simulation Annex A10
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 When this document is referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in
inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 or 8 in.
may be reported in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm, respectively, as applicable. Conversely, when this document is
referenced in an inch-pound product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in SI units then converted into
1
These test methods and definitions are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee A01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing and Processing Methods of Steel Products and Processes.
Current edition approved March 15, 2012October 15, 2012. Published March 2012November 2012. Originally approved in 1953. Last previous edition approved in
20112012 as A370 – 11a.A370 – 12. DOI: 10.1520/A0370-12.10.1520/A0370-12a.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-370 in Section II of that Code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A370 − 12a
inch-pound units. The elongation determined in SI unit gauge lengths of 50 or 200 mm may be reported in inch-pound gauge
lengths of 2 or 8 in., respectively, as applicable.
1.6 Attention is directed to ISO/IEC 17025 when there may be a need for information on criteria for evaluation of testing
laboratories.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A623 Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Requirements
A623M Specification for Tin Mill Products, General Requirements [Metric]
A703/A703M Specification for Steel Castings, General Requirements, for Pressure-Containing Parts
A781/A781M Specification for Castings, Steel and Alloy, Common Requirements, for General Industrial Use
A833 Practice for Indentation Hardness of Metallic Materials by Comparison Hardness Testers
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mecha
...
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