ASTM D2692/D2692M-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, Tire Cord Fabrics, Tire Cord, and Yarns
Standard Test Method for Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, Tire Cord Fabrics, Tire Cord, and Yarns
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is considered satisfactory for the acceptance testing of commercial shipments of tire fabrics since this test method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. This test method is also considered satisfactory for quality control.
In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories may be compared using appropriate statistical analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consideration to the known bias.
This test method is applicable for testing the air permeability of any fabric that is embedded in a rubber compound, but is particularly useful when testing chafer fabrics to be used in a tubeless tire construction. In tubeless tires, chafer fabric yarns that are not wick proof represent potential channels for air to pass through, and thus, this test method provides a prediction of chafer permeability.
Evaluation of air wicking in other fabric and cord components in such products as tires, rubber brake diaphragms, and pneumatic hoses, is useful.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of longitudinal air permeability for tire fabrics, tire cord fabrics, tire cords, or yarns embedded in cured rubber compound. This test method is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of fabric treatments intended to prevent air permeability. This test method is applicable to fabrics made from all types of fibers with all types of rubber compound.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See the Note in 11.1.
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Designation: D2692/D2692M − 10
StandardTest Method for
Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, Tire Cord Fabrics, Tire Cord,
1
and Yarns
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2692/D2692M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsrelatingtotirecord,beadwire,
hose wire, and tire cord fabrics, refer to Terminology D6477.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of longitudi-
3.1.1.1 Thefollowingtermsarerelevanttothisstandard:air
nalairpermeabilityfortirefabrics,tirecordfabrics,tirecords,
wicking, chafer fabric, test panel, in air wicking test, tire cord,
or yarns embedded in cured rubber compound. This test
tire cord fabric, tire fabric, vulcanization, wickproof, in tire
method is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of fabric
fabric, tire cord fabric, tire cord, or yarn.
treatments intended to prevent air permeability. This test
3.1.2 For definitions of other terms related to textiles, refer
method is applicable to fabrics made from all types of fibers
to Terminology D123.
with all types of rubber compound.
3.1.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard:
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
skein and yarn.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
4. Summary of Test Method
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
4.1 Fabric specimens are embedded in a rubber compound
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
and air pressure is applied to freshly exposed yarn ends.
with the standard.
Detergent solution is applied to the opposite end of the yarns
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
whichhavealsobeenfreshlyexposed.Airwickingisindicated
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
by continuous formation of air bubbles in the detergent
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
solution due to air passing along the axis of a yarn.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See the Note in
5. Significance and Use
11.1.
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for the
2. Referenced Documents
acceptance testing of commercial shipments of tire fabrics
2
sincethistestmethodhasbeenusedextensivelyinthetradefor
2.1 ASTM Standards:
acceptance testing. This test method is also considered satis-
D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
factory for quality control.
D3182PracticeforRubber—Materials,Equipment,andPro-
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in
cedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Preparing
reportedtestresultswhenusingthistestmethodforacceptance
Standard Vulcanized Sheets
testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the sup-
D6477TerminologyRelatingtoTireCord,BeadWire,Hose
plier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is
Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statis-
3. Terminology
tical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias.
As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test
3.1 Definitions:
specimens that are as homogeneous as possible and that are
from a lot of material of the type in question. The test
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
specimensshouldthenberandomlyassignedinequalnumbers
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Industrial Fibers and
toeachlaboratoryfortesting.Theaverageresultsfromthetwo
Metallic Reinforcements.
laboratories may be compared using appropriate statistical
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published January 2010. Originally
analysis and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D2692–07. DOI:
10.1520/D2692-10.
parties before the testing is begun. If a bias is found, either its
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
supplier must agree to interpret future test results with consid-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. eration to the known bias.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2692/D2692M − 10
DIMENSIONS
a bcd e f g
Inches 3.0 1.5 3.5 0.5 0.25 0.75 2.25
M
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2692–07 Designation:D2692/D2692M–10
Standard Test Method for
Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, Tire Cord Fabrics, Tire Cord,
1
and Yarns
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2692/D2692M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of longitudinal air permeability for tire fabrics, tire cord fabrics, tire cords, or
yarns embedded in cured rubber compound. This test method is designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of fabric treatments
intendedtopreventairpermeability.Thistestmethodisapplicabletofabricsmadefromalltypesoffiberswithalltypesofrubber
compound.
1.2This test method is written in SI units. The inch pound units which are provided are not necessarily exact equivalents of the
SI units. Either system of units may be used in this test method.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. See the Note in 11.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
D3182 Practice for RubberMaterials, Equipment, and Procedures for Mixing Standard Compounds and Preparing Standard
Vulcanized Sheets
D6477 Terminology Relating to Tire Cord, Bead Wire, Hose Reinforcing Wire, and Fabrics
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to tire cord, bead wire, hose wire, and tire cord fabrics, refer to Terminology D6477.
3.1.1.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: air wicking, chafer fabric, test panel, in air wicking test, tire cord, tire
cord fabric, tire fabric, vulcanization, wickproof, in tire fabric, tire cord fabric, tire cord, or yarn.
3.1.2 For definitions of other terms related to textiles, refer to Terminology D123.
3.1.2.1 The following terms are relevant to this standard: skein and yarn.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Fabric specimens are embedded in a rubber compound and air pressure is applied to freshly exposed yarn ends. Detergent
solution is applied to the opposite end of the yarns which have also been freshly exposed.Air wicking is indicated by continuous
formation of air bubbles in the detergent solution due to air passing along the axis of a yarn.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method is considered satisfactory for the acceptance testing of commercial shipments of tire fabrics since this test
method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. This test method is also considered satisfactory for quality
control.
5.1.1 In case of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using this test method for acceptance testing of
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.19 on Tire Cord and Fabrics.
CurrenteditionapprovedDec.Jan.1,2007.2010.PublishedJanuary2008.2010.Originallyapprovedin1968.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin20042007asD2692–047.
DOI: 10.1520/D2692-07.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2692/D2692M–10
DIMENSIONS
a bcd e f g
Inches 3.0 1.5 3.5 0.5 0.25 0.75 2.25
Millimetres 76 38 89 12.6 6.4 19 57
NOTE 1—Lower case letters refer to dimensions. Capital letters refer to pieces prepared as outlined in 10.2.
FIG. 1 Test Panel
commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias
between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended
...
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