ASTM E2670-15
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Objective Quantification of Dental Plaque Using Digital Still Cameras (Withdrawn 2018)
Standard Test Method for Objective Quantification of Dental Plaque Using Digital Still Cameras (Withdrawn 2018)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The light reflected from the teeth and emitted from the plaque on the teeth is captured by a DSC. Digital data extracted from the images can be used to discriminate and classify pixels. Monitored over time, changes in plaque coverage can be observed. An example is a clinical study of the efficacy of tooth brushes to remove dental plaque.
5.2 Assessing the quantity and coverage of dental plaque on teeth can be used to optimize the design of products and procedures intended to reduce dental plaque coverage.
5.3 Clinical assessment, for example, the modified Turesky Plaque Index,5, 6 is a subjective, non- linear, integer based scale that may require extensive examiner training and recertification. The method described here provides increased precision, repeatability, and reproducibility in comparison to other methods.
5.4 This procedure is suitable for use in research and development, marketing claims and advertising, comparative product analysis, and clinical trials.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the procedure, instrumental requirements, standardization procedures, material standards, measurement procedures, and parameters necessary to make precise measurements of dental plaque on the teeth revealed by fluorescence. In particular it is meant to measure the amount of plaque and plaque coverage on human teeth.
1.2 Digital images are used to measure the coverage of dental plaque on the teeth using discrimination analysis. All localized discoloration, such as stains, inclusions, pigmentations, etc., may be separated from the measurement and the analysis. All other non-relevant parts, such as teeth, tongue, spaces, dental restorations or prostheses, etc., must be separated from the measurement and the analysis.
Note 1: This procedure may not be applicable for all types of dental work.
1.3 The broadband reflectance factors of the teeth and surrounding tissue are measured. The colorimetric measurement is performed using an illuminator system that provides controlled illumination on the teeth and surrounding tissue. A Digital Still Camera (DSC) is used to capture the digital image.
1.4 Data acquired using this method may be used to assess personal plaque coverage for the purposes of identifying overall health status, health status at specific sites in the mouth, or to track changes in personal health status for individuals over time. Pooled data may be used to assess plaque coverage, health, disease among populations in epidemiological surveys, evaluation of comparative product efficacy, or safety and treatment response in clinical trials involving plaque coverage or disease.
1.5 The apparatus, measurement procedure, and analysis technique described herein are generic. The intent is not to exclude a specific apparatus, measurement procedure, or analysis technique.
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the procedure, instrumental requirements, standardization procedures, material standards, measurement procedures, and parameters necessary to make precise measurements of dental plaque on the teeth revealed by fluorescence. In particular it is meant to measure the amount of plaque and plaque coverage on human teeth.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E12 on Color and Appearance, this test method was withdrawn in May 2018. This standard is being withdrawn without replacement due to its limited use by industry.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E2670 −15
Standard Test Method for
Objective Quantification of Dental Plaque Using Digital Still
1
Cameras
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2670; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Dental plaque is a biofilm, which grows on teeth and surrounding tissue. In many cases, dental
plaque is the underlying cause of many oral diseases, that is, cavities and gum diseases. Thus,
controlling dental plaque through its removal and inhibition of re-growth is essential to maintaining
good oral health. Today, there are hundreds of products produced to control dental plaque. Examples
are; toothbrushes, toothpastes, floss, rinses, gums and routine dental cleanings. One universal design
objective maximizes plaque control through enhanced cleaning ability or chemistry which inhibits
plaque growth; that is, anti-bacterial agents. Often, the effectiveness of a product or procedure is
measured in a clinical trial with traditional methods of estimating plaque coverage. For example, the
modified Turesky index is often used. This index is an integer scale ranging from 0 (no plaque) to 5
(complete plaque coverage). The clinical examiner estimates the numerical value or score based on
visual observation of the plaque. Unfortunately, there are drawbacks to this approach. First, the scale
is non-linear with respect to plaque area coverage. Second, the application of the scale is subjective
by nature. Therefore, an objective method of measuring the amount of plaque on teeth represents a
significant improvement in the science of plaque measurement.
1. Scope ment is performed using an illuminator system that provides
controlled illumination on the teeth and surrounding tissue. A
1.1 This method covers the procedure, instrumental
DigitalStillCamera(DSC)isusedtocapturethedigitalimage.
requirements, standardization procedures, material standards,
measurement procedures, and parameters necessary to make
1.4 Data acquired using this method may be used to assess
precisemeasurementsofdentalplaqueontheteethrevealedby
personal plaque coverage for the purposes of identifying
fluorescence.Inparticularitismeanttomeasuretheamountof
overallhealthstatus,healthstatusatspecificsitesinthemouth,
plaque and plaque coverage on human teeth.
or to track changes in personal health status for individuals
over time. Pooled data may be used to assess plaque coverage,
1.2 Digital images are used to measure the coverage of
health, disease among populations in epidemiological surveys,
dental plaque on the teeth using discrimination analysis. All
evaluation of comparative product efficacy, or safety and
localized discoloration, such as stains, inclusions,
treatment response in clinical trials involving plaque coverage
pigmentations, etc., may be separated from the measurement
or disease.
and the analysis. All other non-relevant parts, such as teeth,
tongue, spaces, dental restorations or prostheses, etc., must be
1.5 The apparatus, measurement procedure, and analysis
separated from the measurement and the analysis.
technique described herein are generic. The intent is not to
NOTE 1—This procedure may not be applicable for all types of dental
excludeaspecificapparatus,measurementprocedure,oranaly-
work.
sis technique.
1.3 The broadband reflectance factors of the teeth and
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
surrounding tissue are measured. The colorimetric measure-
standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only.
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1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E12 on Color
andAppearanceandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeE12.06onDisplay,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Imaging and Imaging Colorimetry.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Current edition approved July 1, 2015. Published August 2015. Originally
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as E2670– 09. DOI:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
10.1520/E2670-15.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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E2670−15
2. Referenced Documents 3.2.7 disclosing agent, n—a dye which binds to, adsorbs to
2 or is physically retained in the plaque matrix.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.7.1 Discussion—Common disclosing agents are
E179Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions for
fluorescein, eryt
...
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