ASTM D4143-16(2022)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Testing Latex Vehicles
Standard Guide for Testing Latex Vehicles
ABSTRACT
This guide details the standard methods suitable for testing latex vehicles. Included here are methods for latex sampling, nonvolatile content, minimum film formation temperature, qualitative polymeric analysis, density, viscosity, consistency, water content, pH, and surface tension.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers methods suitable for testing latex vehicles. Certain of these methods were developed expressly for testing latex vehicles (Table 1). Others were developed for testing or analyzing formulated water- or solvent-based coatings but would be equally applicable for testing latices.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-May-2022
- Technical Committee
- D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
- Drafting Committee
- D01.33 - Polymers and Resins
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2011
- Refers
ASTM D3925-02(2010) - Standard Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings - Effective Date
- 01-Dec-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2010
Overview
ASTM D4143-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Testing Latex Vehicles provides comprehensive guidance on standardized methods for testing latex vehicles utilized across various industries. Developed by ASTM International, this guide ensures uniformity and reliability in analyzing latex vehicles by outlining procedures for latex sampling, nonvolatile content, film formation temperature, polymer analysis, density, viscosity, consistency, water content, pH, and surface tension. These testing methods facilitate quality control, formulation development, and regulatory compliance in the manufacture and application of latex-based products.
Key Topics
- Latex Sampling Methods: Procedures consistent with ASTM D3925 ensure representative and reliable sample collection from latex vehicles for subsequent testing.
- Nonvolatile Content: Techniques such as ASTM D2369 and D4758 help determine the proportion of substances in latex that remain after volatilization, supporting product performance assessments and quality specifications.
- Minimum Film Formation Temperature (MFT): Utilizing ASTM D2354, this test establishes the lowest temperature at which latex forms a continuous film, critical for application parameters and product development.
- Polymer Analysis: Qualitative identification of polymeric materials using ASTM D3168 provides insight into latex composition, supporting both quality assurance and troubleshooting.
- Density Measurement: Determined via ASTM D1475, density evaluation is essential for accurate formulation and consistency of latex vehicles.
- Viscosity and Consistency: Methods in ASTM D2196 and D562 characterize flow properties and stability, aiding in processing and application performance.
- Water Content Determination: Techniques such as ASTM D3792 (gas chromatography) and D4017 (Karl Fischer method) accurately quantify water content, ensuring product stability and shelf life.
- pH Measurement: The use of ASTM E70 allows for the assessment of latex acidity or alkalinity, influencing product stability and application behavior.
- Surface Tension: Following ASTM D1417, this property is vital for understanding latex wetting behavior and application performance.
Applications
The standardized testing methods described in ASTM D4143-16(2022) are widely applicable in:
- Paints and Coatings: Ensuring latex vehicles meet stringent quality and performance parameters in architectural, automotive, and industrial finishes.
- Adhesives and Sealants: Verifying product consistency, stability, and suitability for various substrates and environmental conditions.
- Textile and Paper Industries: Controlling formulation characteristics and surface properties for optimal application and end-use performance.
- Polymer Research and Development: Facilitating the qualitative and quantitative analysis of latex ingredients for innovative product design.
- Quality Assurance Laboratories: Establishing repeatable and reliable benchmarks for batch certification and regulatory compliance.
- Environmental and Safety Audits: Supporting safe handling, compliance with health, environmental, and technical regulations.
Related Standards
Several ASTM and related international standards are integral to the testing of latex vehicles, supporting the procedures outlined in ASTM D4143-16(2022):
- ASTM D3925: Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings
- ASTM D2369: Volatile Content of Coatings
- ASTM D2354: Minimum Film Formation Temperature
- ASTM D3168: Qualitative Identification of Polymers in Emulsion Paints
- ASTM D1475: Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
- ASTM D2196: Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational Viscometer
- ASTM D562: Consistency of Paints (Krebs Unit)
- ASTM D3792 & D4017: Water Content of Coatings
- ASTM E70: pH of Aqueous Solutions with Glass Electrode
- ASTM D1417: Rubber Latices-Synthetic (Surface Tension)
By adhering to ASTM D4143-16(2022), organizations and laboratories can ensure consistency, reproducibility, and international credibility in the testing and quality assurance of latex vehicles.
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D4143-16(2022) is a guide published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Guide for Testing Latex Vehicles". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This guide details the standard methods suitable for testing latex vehicles. Included here are methods for latex sampling, nonvolatile content, minimum film formation temperature, qualitative polymeric analysis, density, viscosity, consistency, water content, pH, and surface tension. SCOPE 1.1 This guide covers methods suitable for testing latex vehicles. Certain of these methods were developed expressly for testing latex vehicles (Table 1). Others were developed for testing or analyzing formulated water- or solvent-based coatings but would be equally applicable for testing latices. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This guide details the standard methods suitable for testing latex vehicles. Included here are methods for latex sampling, nonvolatile content, minimum film formation temperature, qualitative polymeric analysis, density, viscosity, consistency, water content, pH, and surface tension. SCOPE 1.1 This guide covers methods suitable for testing latex vehicles. Certain of these methods were developed expressly for testing latex vehicles (Table 1). Others were developed for testing or analyzing formulated water- or solvent-based coatings but would be equally applicable for testing latices. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D4143-16(2022) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 87.060.20 - Binders. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D4143-16(2022) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D2369-24, ASTM E70-24, ASTM D2196-18, ASTM D3792-05(2015), ASTM D2369-10(2015)e1, ASTM E70-07(2015), ASTM D562-10(2014), ASTM D1475-98(2012), ASTM D2369-10e1, ASTM D3168-85(2011), ASTM D3925-02(2010), ASTM D2354-10, ASTM D2196-10, ASTM D562-10, ASTM D2354-10e1. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D4143-16(2022) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4143 − 16 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Guide for
Testing Latex Vehicles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4143; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
D3168 Practice for Qualitative Identification of Polymers in
1.1 This guide covers methods suitable for testing latex
Emulsion Paints
vehicles. Certain of these methods were developed expressly
D3792 Test Method forWater Content of Coatings by Direct
for testing latex vehicles (Table 1). Others were developed for
Injection Into a Gas Chromatograph
testing or analyzing formulated water- or solvent-based coat-
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
ings but would be equally applicable for testing latices.
Pigmented Coatings
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D4017 Test Method for Water in Paints and Paint Materials
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
by Karl Fischer Method
standard.
D4758 Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Latexes
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(Withdrawn 2007)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Glass Electrode
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Latex Sampling Methods
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Practice D3925 describes sampling procedures for for-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
mulated (pigmented) coatings that are equally applicable to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
latex vehicles.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Nonvolatile Content
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 Test Method D2369 has been found suitable for the
determination of the volatile content of many latex vehicles.
2. Referenced Documents
Nonvolatile content is obtained by subtracting the results from
2.1 ASTM Standards:
100.
D562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring
NOTE 1—Determinations of the volatile content using a shorter bake
KrebsUnit(KU)ViscosityUsingaStormer-TypeViscom-
time than the 60 min recommended in Test Method D2369 should be
eter
noted in the report of the results.
D1417 Test Methods for Rubber Latices—Synthetic
4.2 The nonvolatile content of latexes may also be deter-
D1475 Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks,
mined for quality control purposes with Test Method D4758
and Related Products
which specifies baking at 180 °C for 20 min, conditions
D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-
selected to allow completion of testing in1hor less. For latex
Newtonian Materials by Rotational Viscometer
vehicles used in certain air-dry or low temperature bake
D2354 Test Method for Minimum Film FormationTempera-
coatings, as well as for those that contain temperature-sensitive
ture (MFFT) of Emulsion Vehicles
materials, the use of the milder test conditions of Test Method
D2369 (see 4.1) will more accurately reflect the effective
nonvolatile content.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
4.2.1 TestMethodD4758isnotintendedtobeemployedfor
Subcommittee D01.33 on Polymers and Resins.
determining the volatile organic content (VOC) of formulated
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2022.PublishedJuly2022.Originallyapproved
coatings.
in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D4143 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/
D4143-16R22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D4143 − 16 (2022)
TABLE 1 Methods for Testing Latex Vehicles
8. Viscosity
Test Method Section ASTM
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