ASTM F2333-04(2011)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Traction Characteristics of the Athletic Shoe–Sports Surface Interface
Standard Test Method for Traction Characteristics of the Athletic Shoe–Sports Surface Interface
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method will be used by athletic footwear manufacturers to characterize the traction of the athletic shoe-sports surface interface, and as a tool for development of athletic shoe outsoles.
This test method will be used by researchers to determine the effect of sport surface conditions (for example, moisture, grass species, turf density, soil texture, soil composition, and so forth) on traction characteristics of the athletic shoe-sports surface interface.
This test method will be used by sports surface manufacturers to characterize the traction of the athletic shoe-sports surface interface, and as a tool for development of sports surfaces.
Careful adherence to the requirements and recommendations of this test method will provide results that compare with results from different laboratory sources.
The method will be used to research relationships between traction at athletic shoe-sports surface interfaces and athletic performance or injury. This research may lead to recommendations for appropriate levels of traction.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers specifications for the performance of sports shoe-surface traction measuring devices, but does not require a specific device or mechanism to be used. Figs. 1 and 2 show schematic diagrams of generic apparatus.
1.2 This test method is appropriate for measuring the effects of athletic shoe outsole design and materials on traction at the shoe-surface interface.
1.3 This test method is appropriate for measuring the effects of sport surface design and materials on traction at the shoe-surface interface.
1.4 This test method specifies test procedures that are appropriate for both field and laboratory testing.
1.5 Traction characteristics measured by this test method encompass friction forces developed between shoe outsoles and playing surfaces.
1.6 Traction characteristics measured by this test method encompass traction achieved by penetration of cleats or studs into playing surfaces.
1.7 This test method specifies test procedures for the measurement of traction during linear translational motion and rotational motion, but not simultaneous combinations of linear and translational motion.
1.8 The loads and load rates specified in this test method are specific to sports activities. The test method is not intended for measurement of slip resistance or traction of pedestrian footwear.
1.9 Test results obtained by this method shall be qualified by the characteristics of the specimen.
1.9.1 Comparative tests of surfaces shall be qualified by the characteristics of the shoes used to test the surfaces, including the cushioning, outsole material, and sole design.
1.9.2 Comparative tests of shoes shall be qualified by the pertinent characteristics of the surfaces on which shoes are tested, including the surface type, material, condition, and temperature.
1.10 This test method does not establish performance or safety criteria. The level of traction required between a sport shoe and surface varies with the level of performance and from individual to individual. The extent to which particular levels of traction contribute to individual athletic performance and risk of injury is not known.
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.12 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
A. Shoe under test, mounted on a footform.
B. Surface under test.
C. Guide rails with linear bearings or other means of maintaining rectilinear motion.
D, E. Vertical shaft and bearing mounted carriage or other means of maintaining motion parallel to the plane of the shoe-surface interface.
F. Weight...
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: F2333 − 04 (Reapproved 2011) An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Traction Characteristics of the Athletic Shoe–Sports Surface
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Interface
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2333; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.9.2 Comparative tests of shoes shall be qualified by the
pertinent characteristics of the surfaces on which shoes are
1.1 This test method covers specifications for the perfor-
tested, including the surface type, material, condition, and
mance of sports shoe-surface traction measuring devices, but
temperature.
does not require a specific device or mechanism to be used.
1.10 This test method does not establish performance or
Figs. 1 and 2 show schematic diagrams of generic apparatus.
safety criteria. The level of traction required between a sport
1.2 This test method is appropriate for measuring the effects
shoe and surface varies with the level of performance and from
of athletic shoe outsole design and materials on traction at the
individual to individual. The extent to which particular levels
shoe-surface interface.
of traction contribute to individual athletic performance and
1.3 This test method is appropriate for measuring the effects
risk of injury is not known.
of sport surface design and materials on traction at the
1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
shoe-surface interface.
standard.
1.4 This test method specifies test procedures that are
1.12 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
appropriate for both field and laboratory testing.
tions and equipment. This standard does not purport to address
1.5 Traction characteristics measured by this test method all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
encompass friction forces developed between shoe outsoles
and playing surfaces. appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 Traction characteristics measured by this test method
encompass traction achieved by penetration of cleats or studs
2. Referenced Documents
into playing surfaces.
2.1 SAE Standard:
1.7 This test method specifies test procedures for the mea-
SAE J211 Recommended Practice for Instrumentation for
surement of traction during linear translational motion and
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Impact Tests
rotational motion, but not simultaneous combinations of linear
and translational motion.
3. Terminology
1.8 Theloadsandloadratesspecifiedinthistestmethodare
3.1 Definitions:
specific to sports activities. The test method is not intended for
3.1.1 footform—a rigid form approximating the shape of a
measurement of slip resistance or traction of pedestrian foot-
foot or shoe last to which the shoe under test may be tightly
wear.
fitted and through which the loads required by this test method
may be transmitted.
1.9 Testresultsobtainedbythismethodshallbequalifiedby
the characteristics of the specimen.
3.1.2 traction—resistance to relative motion between a shoe
1.9.1 Comparative tests of surfaces shall be qualified by the
outsole and a sports surface that does not necessarily obey
characteristics of the shoes used to test the surfaces, including
classical laws of friction.
the cushioning, outsole material, and sole design.
3.1.2.1 dynamic traction—traction measured during relative
sliding motion between the shoe and the surface.
3.1.2.2 lineartraction—tractionrelatedtorectilinearmotion
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports
parallel to the surface.
Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F08.54 on Athletic Footwear.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2011. Published February 2012. Originally
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approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2333 – 04. DOI: Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
10.1520/F2333-04R11. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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F2333 − 04 (2011)
A. Shoe under test, mounted on a footform.
B. Surface under test.
C. Guide rails with linear bearings or other means of maintaining rectilinear motion.
D, E. Vertical shaft and bearing mounted carriage or other means of maintaining motion parallel to the plane of the shoe-surface interface.
F. Weights, actuator or other means of applying a downward vertical force.
G. Actuator or other means of a
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