ASTM F1476-07(2013)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Performance of Gasketed Mechanical Couplings for Use in Piping Applications
Standard Specification for Performance of Gasketed Mechanical Couplings for Use in Piping Applications
ABSTRACT
This specification provides the performance characteristics and qualification tests required for gasket mechanical couplings (GMCs) including grooved-type mechanical couplings for grooved end pipe, mechanical restraint couplings for plain end pipe and mechanical compression couplings for plain end pipe. These couplings are for use at temperatures within the recommended temperature range of their respective gaskets. The GMCs are classified into two types: Type I which are the groove mechanical couplings and Type II which are plain end mechanical couplings. Also, they can be classified into various grades based on successful completion of testing. They can also be grouped into three classes in accordance to joint characteristics: Class 1 which is rigid and restrained, Class 2 which is flexible and restrained, and Class 3 which is flexible and unrestrained. The housings of grooved GMCs shall be made from either ductile iron, aluminum alloy, or iron-chromium-nickel alloy. Bolts of these couplings shall be made from carbon steel and corrosion resistant materials. As for plain end GMCs, their housings or center sleeves shall be made from either ductile iron or steel materials. Their bolts shall be constructed with carbon steel and corrosion resistant materials. Standard qualification tests for GMC shall consist of the following: performance test, specimen examination, pneumatic proof test, vacuum test, hydrostatic proof test, flexibility test, hydrostatic burst test, rigidity test, bending moment proof test, and bending moment ultimate test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the performance characteristics and qualification tests required for gasketed mechanical couplings including grooved-type mechanical couplings for grooved end pipe, mechanical restraint couplings for plain end pipe and mechanical compression couplings for plain end pipe. These couplings are for use at temperatures within the recommended temperature range of their respective gaskets. Consult manufacturer for details.
1.2 The values stated in metric units (SI) are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses (inch/pound) are provided for information purposes.
1.3 Measuring and test equipment (M&TE) used in the performance of the tests described herein shall be calibrated using equipment which is traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) or calibrated in accordance with the requirements detailed in BS 5781 Part 1 against standards traceable to National Standards.
1.4 As this is not a dimensional standard, nor does it contain component dimensions, the intermixing of sub-components such as gaskets and housings between manufacturers is not recommended and constitutes non-conformance with this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:F1476 −07 (Reapproved 2013) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Performance of Gasketed Mechanical Couplings for Use in
Piping Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1476; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification provides the performance character-
istics and qualification tests required for gasketed mechanical A47/A47MSpecification for Ferritic Malleable Iron Cast-
ings
couplings including grooved-type mechanical couplings for
grooved end pipe, mechanical restraint couplings for plain end A53/A53MSpecification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-
pipeandmechanicalcompressioncouplingsforplainendpipe. Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
These couplings are for use at temperatures within the recom- A135Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel
mended temperature range of their respective gaskets. Consult Pipe
manufacturer for details. A153/A153MSpecification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on
Iron and Steel Hardware
1.2 The values stated in metric units (SI) are to be regarded
A183Specification for Carbon Steel Track Bolts and Nuts
as the standard. The values given in parentheses (inch/pound)
A193/A193MSpecification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless
are provided for information purposes.
Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure
1.3 Measuring and test equipment (M&TE) used in the
Service and Other Special Purpose Applications
performance of the tests described herein shall be calibrated
A194/A194MSpecification for Carbon Steel, Alloy Steel,
using equipment which is traceable to the National Institute of
and Stainless Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or
Standards and Technology (NIST) or calibrated in accordance
High Temperature Service, or Both
with the requirements detailed in BS 5781 Part 1 against
A325Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated,
standards traceable to National Standards.
120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
A395/A395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron
1.4 Asthisisnotadimensionalstandard,nordoesitcontain
component dimensions, the intermixing of sub-components Pressure-RetainingCastingsforUseatElevatedTempera-
tures
such as gaskets and housings between manufacturers is not
A536Specification for Ductile Iron Castings
recommended and constitutes non-conformance with this stan-
A563Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
dard.
A574SpecificationforAlloySteelSocket-HeadCapScrews
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
A743/A743MSpecification for Castings, Iron-Chromium,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Application
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
B26/B26MSpecification for Aluminum-Alloy Sand Cast-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ings
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
B88Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
B580Specification for Anodic Oxide Coatings on Alumi-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
num
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
B633SpecificationforElectrodepositedCoatingsofZincon
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Iron and Steel
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
D2000Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-
motive Applications
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F25 on Ships
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on
Machinery and Piping Systems. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1476–07. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F1476-07R13. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1476−07 (2013)
F837Specification for Stainless Steel Socket Head Cap Tubing—Type K Copper Tube per Specification B88.
Screws Other—As agreed to by GMC manufacturer and purchaser.
2.2 ANSI, ANSI/ASQC, or ANSI/AWWA Standards:
3.1.7 grooved mechanical coupling (Type I)—a device
B36.10Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
whichconsistsoftwoormorehousings,closurememberssuch
B36.19Stainless Steel Pipe
as sets of bolts and nuts or pins, and a pressure-responsive
C151/A21.51Ductile-Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast in Metal
gasket.Itisusedtomechanicallyjoinandsealgroovedpipeor
Molds or Sand-Lined Molds, for Water or Other Liquids
fitting, forming a joint. Grooves conform to ANSI/AWWA
C606Grooved and Shouldered Joints
Standard C606 – 87 as applicable. Groove dimensions for
Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by
tubing and other sizes and types of pipes shall be as specified
Attributes
by the manufacturer. See Fig. 1.
Z540.1 Calibration Laboratories in Measuring Test Equip-
3.1.7.1 grooved mechanical coupling housing—the struc-
ment
tural parts of a grooved mechanical coupling which mechani-
2.3 NFPA Standards:
cally fit into pipe or fitting grooves providing mechanical pipe
NFPA13Sprinkler Systems
or fitting restraint and enclosure of the gasket.
2.4 British Standards:
3.1.8 plain end mechanical coupling:
BS1706Method for Specifying Electro Plated Coatings of
3.1.8.1 (Type II—Classes 1 and 2)—Device consisting of
Zinc and Cadmium on Iron and Steel
gasket(s), housing(s), sleeve(s), end rings, threaded fasteners,
BS2494Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joints in
pipe or fitting anchoring (gripping) features and seal retainers
Pipework and Pipelines
as applicable. These devices are used to create a seal and
BS5781 (IEC 550) Measurement and Calibration Systems
restrain plain end pipe or fittings. See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
BS6104Mechanical Properties of Fasteners
3.1.8.2 (Type II—Class 3)—Device consisting of gasket(s),
BS6105(ISO 3506) Corrosion Resistant Stainless Steel
housing(s), sleeve, end rings and threaded fasteners as appli-
Fasteners
cable. Tightening of the fasteners compresses the gasket(s),
creating a seal on the outside of the plain end pipe. See Fig. 4.
3. Terminology
3.1.9 joint—interface formed between pipe and pipe, pipe
3.1 Definitions:
and fitting, or fitting and fitting where a GMC is used to seal
3.1.1 class—differentiates joint characteristics such as rigid,
within a specified working pressure this interface and where
flexible, restrained and unrestrained.
applicable, provide mechanical holding strength.
3.1.2 failure—any leakage or joint separation, unless other-
3.1.10 joint pressure rating—the working pressure for the
wise determined to be due to a pipe or fitting defect.
joint on the pipe or fitting material and thickness to be used in
the actual piping application.
3.1.3 fitting—a device used to change pipe direction, size or
adapttootherjoiningmethods.Thisdeviceisusedwithpipeor
3.1.11 leakage—theescapeoffluid(gaseousorliquid)from
other fittings to create a working system. Shapes such as
any point of the specimen.
elbows, tees, crosses, reducers and special shapes are used as
3.1.12 penalty run—apenaltyrunisperformedwithpenalty
needed to fulfill system design specifications.
run specimens when the original test specimen leaks or
3.1.4 flexible—characteristic of a joint wherein there is
available limited angular and axial pipe movement.
3.1.5 gasketed mechanical coupling (GMC)—a device used
to join pipe to pipe, pipe to fitting, or fitting to fitting wherein
an elastomeric (gasket) is used to seal the joint. Coupling may
or may not provide mechanical restraint of the pipe or fitting.
3.1.6 grade—the joint working pressure as established by
tests using representative pipe or tube and the gasketed
mechanical coupling (GMC). Test pipe or tube shall be:
NPS—Standard Weight Steel Pipe per ANSI B36.10 and
Specification A53/A53M Grade B, or Specification A135
Grade B.
AWWA—Class 53 Ductile Iron Pipe per ANSI/AWWA
C151/A21.51 for 3 to 16 in. For other sizes, consult manufac-
turer.
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
Available from British Standards Institute (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd.,
London W4 4AL, U.K., http://www.bsi-global.com. FIG. 1 Type I Typical Construction
F1476−07 (2013)
capabilities; that is, additional pressure results in additional
force between the gasket and the surface to which it is sealing.
3.1.16 restrained—characteristic of the joint wherein thrust
loads generated by internal pressure or external means are
absorbed within the joint.
3.1.17 rigid—characteristic of a joint where there is essen-
tially no available free angular or axial pipe movement.
3.1.18 specimen—apreparedassemblyconsistingofthetest
joint including GMC and pipes or fittings. The specimen is
placedintoacontrolledenvironmentandtestedtodetermineif
the joint performs to the standards established by the test.
3.1.19 type—differentiation of kind of pipe or fitting which
gasketedmechanicalcouplings(GMC)areusedtojoin(thatis,
grooved or plain end).
3.1.20 unrestrained—characteristic of a joint wherein thrust
generated by internal pressure or external means is not ab-
sorbed by the joint but by other means such as pipe anchors or
thrust blocks.
FIG. 2 Type II—Class 1 Typical Construction
4. Classification
4.1 Gasketed mechanical couplings (GMC) are classified
into the following design types:
4.1.1 Type I grooved mechanical couplings.
4.1.2 Type II plain end mechanical couplings.
4.2 The gasketed mechanical couplings (GMC) are classi-
fied into various grades based on successful completion of
testing defined herein. Grades range from approximately 100
psi to 4000 psi and vary by GMC manufacturer. Consult GMC
manufacturer for specific grades available.
4.3 The gasketed mechanical couplings (GMC) are classi-
fied by the following joint characteristics:
4.3.1 Class 1—rigid and restrained.
4.3.2 Class 2—flexible and restrained.
4.3.3 Class 3—flexible and unrestrained.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Orders for GMC (Gasketed Mechanical Couplings)
FIG. 3 Type II—Class 2 Typical Construction
under this specification shall include the following:
5.1.1 ASTM designation, title, number and year of issue,
5.1.2 Quantity (number of gasketed mechanical couplings),
separates during testing as a result of any cause which is not
5.1.3 Size and appropriate suffix (examples: 8 in. NPS, 76.1
related to the design of the GMC being qualified.
mm OD),
3.1.13 penalty run specimens—additional specimen(s)
5.1.4 Type (I, II),
whicharetestedintheplaceoftheoriginalspecimen(s).These
5.1.5 Grade (consult GMC manufacturer),
additional specimen(s) are assembled using the same methods
5.1.6 Class (joint characteristic),
along with additional GMC’s of the same type, grade, class,
5.1.7 Housing material and finish,
and configuration; and additional pipes or fittings with the
5.1.8 Gasket material,
same sizes, nominal wall thickness material and material
5.1.9 Bolt (stud) and nut material and finish,
condition as the original test specimen.
5.1.10 Supplementary requirements, if any,
3.1.14 pipe—hollow tubular products conforming to ANSI 5.1.11 Other requirements agreed to between purchaser and
B36.10 and B36.19, ANSI/AWWA C151/A21.51 Nominal GMC manufacturer.
Dimensions, or O.D. tube sizes.
5.2 Optional Ordering Requirements:
3.1.15 pressure responsive gasket—gasket design such that 5.2.1 Certification requirements,
applicationofapressureloadtothegasketenhancesitssealing
5.2.2 Special marking requirements.
F1476−07 (2013)
FIG. 4 Type II—Class 3 Typical Construction
6. Materials and Manufacture accordance with Specification A194/A194M, Grade 2. Finish
shallbeblackoratthepurchaser’soption,zincelectroplatedto
6.1 Type I—Grooved Mechanical Coupling:
Specification B633.
6.1.1 Grooved Mechanical Coupling Housings:
6.1.3.2 Corrosion Resistant Material—Bolts shall be in
6.1.1.1 Ferrous Materials—Housings shall be constructed
of ductile iron in accordance with Specification A395/A395M accordance with Specification A193/A193M, Grade B8, Class
Grade 60–40–18 or 65–45–15, Specification A536, Grade 2(AISIType304)orSpecificationA193/A193M,GradeB8M,
65-45-12 or malleable iron in accordance with Specification
Class 2 (AISI Type 316). Nuts shall be in accordance with
A47/A47M, Grade 32510 or 35018.
Specification A194/A194M Grade 8.
6.1.1.2 Grooved mechanical coupling housings shall be
6.2 Type II—Plain End Mechanical Coupling:
coated with the manufacturer’s standard preparation and paint,
6.2.1 Plain End Mechanical Coupling Housings or Center
or at the purchaser’s option, hot-dip galvanized in accordance
Sleeves:
with Specification A153/A153M, or other finish as agreed
upon between purchaser and manufacturer.
6.2.1.1 Cast Ferrous Materials—Cast housings or center
6.1.1.3 Aluminum Alloy Materials—Housings shall be con- sleeves shall be constructed of ductile iron in accordance with
structed of aluminum alloy in accordance with Specification
Specification A395/A395M Grade 60–40–18 or 65–45–15,
B26/B26M, Grade 356-T6 or A356-T6.
Specification A536, Grade 65-45-12 or malleable iron in
6.1.1.4 Finish for aluminum alloy housings shall be bare,
accordance with Specification A47/A47M, Grade 32510 or
anodized in accordance with Specification B580 or as other-
35018.
wise agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.
6.2.1.2 Steel Materials—End rings and sleeves made from
6.1.1.5 Iron-chromium-nickel, corrosion resistant material:
carbon or stainless steel shall be made from material with a
Housingsshallbeconstructedofiron-chromium-nickelalloyin
minimum yield strength of 172 MPa (25,000 PSI).
accordance with Specification A743/A743M, Grade CF-8 or
6.2.1.3 Plain end mechanical couplings shall be coated with
Grade CF-8M.
the manufacturer’s standard preparation and paint or other
6.1.1.6 Finish for iron-chromium-nickel shall be bare or
finishasagreeduponbetweenthepurchaserandmanufacturer.
otherwise agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.
Fi
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1476 − 07 (Reapproved 2013) F1476 − 07 (Reapproved 2013)An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Performance of Gasketed Mechanical Couplings for Use in
Piping Applications
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1476; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification provides the performance characteristics and qualification tests required for gasketed mechanical
couplings including grooved-type mechanical couplings for grooved end pipe, mechanical restraint couplings for plain end pipe
and mechanical compression couplings for plain end pipe. These couplings are for use at temperatures within the recommended
temperature range of their respective gaskets. Consult manufacturer for details.
1.2 The values stated in metric units (SI) are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses (inch/pound) are
provided for information purposes.
1.3 Measuring and test equipment (M&TE) used in the performance of the tests described herein shall be calibrated using
equipment which is traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) or calibrated in accordance with the
requirements detailed in BS 5781 Part 1 against standards traceable to National Standards.
1.4 As this is not a dimensional standard, nor does it contain component dimensions, the intermixing of sub-components such
as gaskets and housings between manufacturers is not recommended and constitutes non-conformance with this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A47/A47M Specification for Ferritic Malleable Iron Castings
A53/A53M Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless
A135 Specification for Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe
A153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware
A183 Specification for Carbon Steel Track Bolts and Nuts
A193/A193M Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting for High Temperature or High Pressure Service and Other
Special Purpose Applications
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature Service, or Both
A325 Specification for Structural Bolts, Steel, Heat Treated, 120/105 ksi Minimum Tensile Strength
A395/A395M Specification for Ferritic Ductile Iron Pressure-Retaining Castings for Use at Elevated Temperatures
A536 Specification for Ductile Iron Castings
A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
A574 Specification for Alloy Steel Socket-Head Cap Screws
A743/A743M Specification for Castings, Iron-Chromium, Iron-Chromium-Nickel, Corrosion Resistant, for General Application
B26/B26M Specification for Aluminum-Alloy Sand Castings
B88 Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube
B580 Specification for Anodic Oxide Coatings on Aluminum
B633 Specification for Electrodeposited Coatings of Zinc on Iron and Steel
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.11 on
Machinery and Piping Systems.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originally approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1476 – 07. DOI:
10.1520/F1476-07R13.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1476 − 07 (2013)
D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive Applications
F837 Specification for Stainless Steel Socket Head Cap Screws
2.2 ANSI, ANSI/ASQC, or ANSI/AWWA Standards:
B 36.10 —Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
B 36.19 —Stainless Steel Pipe
C151/A21.51C151/A21.51 —Ductile-Iron Pipe, Centrifugally Cast in Metal Molds or Sand-Lined Molds, for Water or Other
Liquids
C606 —Grooved and Shouldered Joints
Z 1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes
Z 540.1 Calibration Laboratories in Measuring Test Equipment
2.3 NFPA Standards:
NFPA 13 —Sprinkler Systems
2.4 British Standards:
BS 1706 Method for Specifying Electro Plated Coatings of Zinc and Cadmium on Iron and Steel
BS 2494 Specification for Elastomeric Seals for Joints in Pipework and Pipelines
BS 5781 (IEC 550) Measurement and Calibration Systems
BS 6104 Mechanical Properties of Fasteners
BS 6105 (ISO 3506) Corrosion Resistant Stainless Steel Fasteners
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 class—differentiates joint characteristics such as rigid, flexible, restrained and unrestrained.
3.1.2 failure—any leakage or joint separation, unless otherwise determined to be due to a pipe or fitting defect.
3.1.3 fitting—a device used to change pipe direction, size or adapt to other joining methods. This device is used with pipe or
other fittings to create a working system. Shapes such as elbows, tees, crosses, reducers and special shapes are used as needed to
fulfill system design specifications.
3.1.4 flexible—characteristic of a joint wherein there is available limited angular and axial pipe movement.
3.1.5 gasketed mechanical coupling (GMC)—a device used to join pipe to pipe, pipe to fitting, or fitting to fitting wherein an
elastomeric (gasket) is used to seal the joint. Coupling may or may not provide mechanical restraint of the pipe or fitting.
3.1.6 grade—the joint working pressure as established by tests using representative pipe or tube and the gasketed mechanical
coupling (GMC). Test pipe or tube shall be:
NPS—Standard Weight Steel Pipe per ANSI B 36.10 and Specification A53/A53M Grade B, or Specification A135 Grade B.
AWWA—Class 53 Ductile Iron Pipe per ANSI/AWWA C151/A21.51C151/A21.51 for 3 to 16 in. For other sizes, consult
manufacturer.
Tubing—Type K Copper Tube per Specification B88.
Other—As agreed to by GMC manufacturer and purchaser.
3.1.7 grooved mechanical coupling (Type I)—a device which consists of two or more housings, closure members such as sets
of bolts and nuts or pins, and a pressure-responsive gasket. It is used to mechanically join and seal grooved pipe or fitting, forming
a joint. Grooves conform to ANSI/AWWA Standard C606–87 C606 – 87 as applicable. Groove dimensions for tubing and other
sizes and types of pipes shall be as specified by the manufacturer. See Fig. 1.
3.1.7.1 grooved mechanical coupling housing—the structural parts of a grooved mechanical coupling which mechanically fit
into pipe or fitting grooves providing mechanical pipe or fitting restraint and enclosure of the gasket.
3.1.8 plain end mechanical coupling:
3.1.8.1 (Type II—Classes 1 and 2)—Device consisting of gasket(s), housing(s), sleeve(s), end rings, threaded fasteners, pipe or
fitting anchoring (gripping) features and seal retainers as applicable. These devices are used to create a seal and restrain plain end
pipe or fittings. See Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
3.1.8.2 (Type II—Class 3)—Device consisting of gasket(s), housing(s), sleeve, end rings and threaded fasteners as applicable.
Tightening of the fasteners compresses the gasket(s), creating a seal on the outside of the plain end pipe. See Fig. 4.
3.1.9 joint—interface formed between pipe and pipe, pipe and fitting, or fitting and fitting where a GMC is used to seal within
a specified working pressure this interface and where applicable, provide mechanical holding strength.
3.1.10 joint pressure rating—the working pressure for the joint on the pipe or fitting material and thickness to be used in the
actual piping application.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471, http://www.nfpa.org.
Available from British Standards Institute (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd., London W4 4AL, U.K., http://www.bsi-global.com.
F1476 − 07 (2013)
FIG. 1 Type I Typical Construction
FIG. 2 Type II—Class 1 Typical Construction
3.1.11 leakage—the escape of fluid (gaseous or liquid) from any point of the specimen.
3.1.12 penalty run—a penalty run is performed with penalty run specimens when the original test specimen leaks or separates
during testing as a result of any cause which is not related to the design of the GMC being qualified.
3.1.13 penalty run specimens—additional specimen(s) which are tested in the place of the original specimen(s). These additional
specimen(s) are assembled using the same methods along with additional GMC’s of the same type, grade, class, and configuration;
and additional pipes or fittings with the same sizes, nominal wall thickness material and material condition as the original test
specimen.
3.1.14 pipe—hollow tubular products conforming to ANSI B 36.10 and B 36.19, ANSI/AWWA C151/A21.51C151/A21.51
Nominal Dimensions, or O.D. tube sizes.
3.1.15 pressure responsive gasket—gasket design such that application of a pressure load to the gasket enhances its sealing
capabilities; that is, additional pressure results in additional force between the gasket and the surface to which it is sealing.
3.1.16 restrained—characteristic of the joint wherein thrust loads generated by internal pressure or external means are absorbed
within the joint.
3.1.17 rigid—characteristic of a joint where there is essentially no available free angular or axial pipe movement.
F1476 − 07 (2013)
FIG. 3 Type II—Class 2 Typical Construction
3.1.18 specimen—a prepared assembly consisting of the test joint including GMC and pipes or fittings. The specimen is placed
into a controlled environment and tested to determine if the joint performs to the standards established by the test.
3.1.19 type—differentiation of kind of pipe or fitting which gasketed mechanical couplings (GMC) are used to join (that is,
grooved or plain end).
3.1.20 unrestrained—characteristic of a joint wherein thrust generated by internal pressure or external means is not absorbed
by the joint but by other means such as pipe anchors or thrust blocks.
4. Classification
4.1 Gasketed mechanical couplings (GMC) are classified into the following design types:
4.1.1 Type I grooved mechanical couplings.
4.1.2 Type II plain end mechanical couplings.
4.2 The gasketed mechanical couplings (GMC) are classified into various grades based on successful completion of testing
defined herein. Grades range from approximately 100 psi to 4000 psi and vary by GMC manufacturer. Consult GMC manufacturer
for specific grades available.
4.3 The gasketed mechanical couplings (GMC) are classified by the following joint characteristics:
4.3.1 Class 1—rigid and restrained.
4.3.2 Class 2—flexible and restrained.
4.3.3 Class 3—flexible and unrestrained.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 Orders for GMC (Gasketed Mechanical Couplings) under this specification shall include the following:
5.1.1 ASTM designation, title, number and year of issue,
5.1.2 Quantity (number of gasketed mechanical couplings),
5.1.3 Size and appropriate suffix (examples: 8 in. NPS, 76.1 mm OD),
5.1.4 Type (I, II),
5.1.5 Grade (consult GMC manufacturer),
5.1.6 Class (joint characteristic),
5.1.7 Housing material and finish,
5.1.8 Gasket material,
5.1.9 Bolt (stud) and nut material and finish,
5.1.10 Supplementary requirements, if any,
5.1.11 Other requirements agreed to between purchaser and GMC manufacturer.
5.2 Optional Ordering Requirements:
5.2.1 Certification requirements,
5.2.2 Special marking requirements.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Type I—Grooved Mechanical Coupling:
6.1.1 Grooved Mechanical Coupling Housings:
F1476 − 07 (2013)
FIG. 4 Type II—Class 3 Typical Construction
6.1.1.1 Ferrous Materials—Housings shall be constructed of ductile iron in accordance with Specification A395/A395M Grade
60–40–18 or 65–45–15, Specification A536, Grade 65-45-12 or malleable iron in accordance with Specification A47/A47M, Grade
32510 or 35018.
6.1.1.2 Grooved mechanical coupling housings shall be coated with the manufacturer’s standard preparation and paint, or at the
purchaser’s option, hot-dip galvanized in accordance with Specification A153/A153M, or other finish as agreed upon between
purchaser and manufacturer.
6.1.1.3 Aluminum Alloy Materials—Housings shall be constructed of aluminum alloy in accordance with Specification
B26/B26M, Grade 356-T6 or A 356-T6.
6.1.1.4 Finish for aluminum alloy housings shall be bare, anodized in accordance with Specification B580 or as otherwise
agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.
6.1.1.5 Iron-chromium-nickel, corrosion resistant material: Housings shall be constructed of iron-chromium-nickel alloy in
accordance with Specification A743/A743M, Grade CF-8 or Grade CF-8M.
6.1.1.6 Finish for iron-chromium-nickel shall be bare or otherwise agreed between purchaser and manufacturer.
6.1.2 Grooved Mechanical Coupling—Gaskets shall be of materials suitable for the intended service. Elastomers shall comply
with Classification System D2000.
6.1.3 Grooved Mechanical Coupling—Bolting:
6.1.3.1 Carbon Steel Material—Bolts shall be in accordance with Specification A183, Grade 2, Oval Neck. Nuts shall be in
accordance with Specification A194/A194M, Grade 2. Finish shall be black or at the purchaser’s option, zinc electroplated to
Specification B633.
6.1.3.2 Corrosion Resistant Material—Bolts shall be in accordance with Specification A193/A193M, Grade B8, Class 2 (AISI
Type 304) or Specification A193/A193M, Grade B8M, Class 2 (AISI Type 316). Nuts shall be in accordance with Specification
A194/A194M Grade 8.
6.2 Type II—Plain End Mechanical Coupling:
6.2.1 Plain End Mechanical Coupling Housings or Center Sleeves:
6.2.1.1 Cast Ferrous Materials—Cast housings or center sleeves shall be constructed o
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