ASTM D3828-12a
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester
Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Flash point measures the response of the test specimen to heat and ignition source under controlled laboratory conditions. It is only one of a number of properties that must be considered in assessing the overall flammability hazard of a material.
5.2 Flash point is used in shipping and safety regulations to define flammable and combustible materials and classify them. Consult the particular regulation involved for precise definitions of these classes.
5.3 Flash point can indicate the possible presence of highly volatile and flammable materials in a relatively nonvolatile or nonflammable material.
5.4 These test methods use a smaller sample (2 to 4 mL) and a shorter test time (1 to 2 min) than traditional test methods.
5.5 Method A, IP 524 and EN ISO 3680 are similar methods for flash no-flash tests. Method B, IP 523 and EN ISO 3679 are similar methods for flash point determination.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for flash point tests, within the range of –30 to 300°C, of petroleum products and biodiesel liquid fuels, using a small scale closed cup tester. The procedures may be used to determine, whether a product will or will not flash at a specified temperature (flash/no flash Method A) or the flash point of a sample (Method B). When used in conjunction with an electronic thermal flash detector, these test methods are also suitable for flash point tests on biodiesels such as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning statements appear throughout. See also the Material Safety Data Sheets for the product being tested.
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Designation: D3828 − 12a
StandardTest Methods for
1
Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
These small scale flash point methods are generally used for testing a sample at a specific
temperature where the specimen being tested and the air–vapor mixture above it are close to thermal
equilibrium.TestMethodD3941coversotherflashpointequipmentoperatedataspecifictemperature.
Flash point values are a function of the apparatus design, the condition of the apparatus used, and
the operational procedure carried out. Flash point can therefore only be defined in terms of a standard
test method, and no general valid correlation can be guaranteed between results obtained by different
test methods, or with test apparatus different from that specified.
1. Scope* priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Warningstatements
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for flash point
appearthroughout.SeealsotheMaterialSafetyDataSheetsfor
tests, within the range of –30 to 300°C, of petroleum products
the product being tested.
and biodiesel liquid fuels, using a small scale closed cup tester.
The procedures may be used to determine, whether a product
2. Referenced Documents
will or will not flash at a specified temperature (flash/no flash
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Method A) or the flash point of a sample (Method B). When
D3941 Test Method for Flash Point by the Equilibrium
used in conjunction with an electronic thermal flash detector,
Method With a Closed-Cup Apparatus
these test methods are also suitable for flash point tests on
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
biodiesels such as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
Petroleum Products
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Petroleum Products
only.
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
1.3 This standard should be used to measure and describe
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response
Measurement System Performance
to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
conditions. However, results of this test may be used as
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resis-
of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire
tance Thermometers
hazard of a particular end use. 3
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Guide 34 Quality Systems Guidelines for the Production of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Reference Materials
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Guide 35 Certification of Reference Materials—General and
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published February 2013. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D3828–12. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/D3828-12A. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3828 − 12a
Statistical Principles 4.3 Test Time and Specimen Volume:
EN ISO 3679 Determination of Flash Point—Rapid Equilib-
4.3.1 For all products, except biodiesel; for test tempera-
rium Closed Cup
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3828 − 12 D3828 − 12a
Standard Test Methods for
1
Flash Point by Small Scale Closed Cup Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
These small scale flash point methods are generally used for testing a sample at a specific
temperature where the specimen being tested and the air–vapor mixture above it are close to thermal
equilibrium. Test Method D3941 covers other flash point equipment operated at a specific temperature.
Flash point values are a function of the apparatus design, the condition of the apparatus used, and
the operational procedure carried out. Flash point can therefore only be defined in terms of a standard
test method, and no general valid correlation can be guaranteed between results obtained by different
test methods, or with test apparatus different from that specified.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for flash point tests, within the range of –30 to 300°C, of petroleum products and
biodiesel liquid fuels, using a small scale closed cup tester. The procedures may be used to determine, whether a product will or
will not flash at a specified temperature (flash/no flash Method A) or the flash point of a sample (Method B). When used in
conjunction with an electronic thermal flash detector, these test methods are also suitable for flash point tests on biodiesels such
as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to
heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk
of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of this test may be used as elements of a fire
risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular
end use.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Warning statements appear throughout. See also the Material Safety Data Sheets for the product being
tested.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D3941 Test Method for Flash Point by the Equilibrium Method With a Closed-Cup Apparatus
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.08
on Volatility.
Current edition approved May 15, 2012Nov. 1, 2012. Published October 2012February 2013. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 20092012
as D3828–09.–12. DOI: 10.1520/D3828-12.10.1520/D3828-12A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3828 − 12a
E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
Guide 34 Quality Systems Guidelines for the Production of Reference Materials
Guide 35 Certification of Reference
...
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