EN 15234-1:2011

Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 1: General requirements

This European Standard defines the procedures to fulfil the quality requirements (quality control) and describes measures to ensure adequate confidence that the biofuel specification is fulfilled (quality assurance). This European Standard covers the whole chain, from supply of raw materials to point of delivery to the end-user.
According to the mandate given for the standardisation work, the scope of the CEN/TC 335 only includes solid biofuels originating from the following sources:
-   products from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry;
-   vegetable waste from the food processing industry;
-   wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metal as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating, and which includes in particular such wood waste originated from construction and demolition waste;
   fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from the production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and heat generated is recovered;
   cork waste.
NOTE 1    The quality assurance systems applied to the operation of conversion plants fuelled by solid biofuels are outside the scope of this European Standard.
NOTE 2    Health, safety and environmental issues for solid biofuels are important and need special attention, however they are outside the scope of this European Standard.
NOTE 3    For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard. Demolition wood is defined as “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations”
(EN 14588:2010, 4.52).
NOTE 4    The biofuels covered by this European standard are identical to the fuels exempted from the Directive 2000/76/EC [Article 2.2 a) from i) to v)] on incineration of waste.
NOTE 5   Aquatic biomass is not included in the scope of this European Standard.

Feste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen

Diese Europäische Norm legt die Verfahren zur Erfüllung der Qualitätsanforderungen (Qualitätslenkung) fest und beschreibt Maßnahmen zur Sicherstellung eines angemessenen Vertrauens auf die Einhaltung der Biobrennstoffspezifikation (Qualitätssicherung). Diese Europäische Norm umfasst die gesamte Kette, von der Anlieferung der Rohstoffe bis zum Lieferort beim Endverbraucher.
Nach dem für die Normungsarbeit zugeteilten Mandat umfasst der Aufgabenbereich des CEN/TC 335 nur feste Biobrennstoffe, die aus folgenden Quellen stammen:
⎯
Produkte aus der Land- und Forstwirtschaft;
⎯
pflanzliche Abfälle aus der Land- und Forstwirtschaft;
⎯
pflanzliche Abfälle aus der Lebensmittel verarbeitenden Industrie;
⎯
Holzabfälle, mit der Ausnahme von Holzabfällen, die im Ergebnis der Behandlung mit Holzschutzmitteln oder Aufbringung von Beschichtungen halogenierte organische Verbindungen oder Schwermetalle ent-halten können, und zu denen besonders Holzabfälle gehören, die von Bau- und Abbrucharbeiten stammen;
⎯
faserige pflanzliche Abfälle aus der Herstellung von natürlichem Zellstoff und aus der Herstellung von Papier aus Zellstoff, sofern sie am Herstellungsort verbrannt werden und die erzeugte Wärme genutzt wird;
-Korkabfälle.
ANMERKUNG 1 Qualitätssicherungssysteme, die für mit festen Biobrennstoffen betriebene Konversionsanlagen gelten, fallen nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Europäischen Norm.
ANMERKUNG 2 Mit festen Biobrennstoffen verbundene Aspekte hinsichtlich Gesundheit, Sicherheit und Umwelt sind wichtig und bedürfen besonderer Aufmerksamkeit, fallen jedoch nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Europäischen Norm.
ANMERKUNG 3 Um keine Zweifel aufkommen zu lassen, fällt Abbruchholz nicht in den Anwendungsbereich dieser Europäischen Norm. Abbruchholz ist als „Gebrauchtholz, das aus dem Abriss von Gebäuden oder sonstigen Bauwerken stammt“, definiert (EN 14588:2010, 4.52).
(...)

Biocombustibles solides - Assurance de la qualité des combustibles - Partie 1: Exigences générales

La présente Norme européenne définit les modes opératoires pour satisfaire aux exigences de qualité (maîtrise de la qualité) et décrit les mesures destinées à assurer une confiance adéquate en ce que la spécification du biocombustible est satisfaite (assurance de la qualité). La présente Norme européenne couvre la chaîne logistique dans son intégralité, de l’alimentation en matières premières jusqu’au point de livraison à l’utilisateur final.
Conformément au mandat donné pour les travaux de normalisation, le domaine d’application de la présente Norme européenne (CEN/TC 335) se limite aux biocombustibles solides provenant des sources suivantes :
- produits de l’agriculture et de la sylviculture,
- déchets végétaux agricoles et forestiers,
- déchets végétaux provenant du secteur de la transformation alimentaire,
- déchets de bois, à l’exception de ceux susceptibles de contenir des composés organiques halogénés ou des métaux lourds à la suite d’un traitement de préservation ou de finition, y compris en particulier, les déchets de bois de ce type provenant de déchets de construction ou de démolition,
- déchets végétaux fibreux provenant de la production de pâte vierge et de papier issu de pâte, à condition d’être co-incinérés sur le lieu de production et que la chaleur générée soit récupérée,
- déchets de liège.
NOTE 1 Les systèmes d’assurance de la qualité appliqués au fonctionnement d’usines de conversion alimentées par des biocombustibles solides ne sont pas couverts par le domaine d’application de la présente Norme européenne.
NOTE 2 Les questions de santé, de sécurité et environnementales relatives aux biocombustibles solides, sont importantes et nécessitent une attention particulière. Cependant, elles ne sont pas couvertes par le domaine d’application de la présente Norme européenne.
NOTE 3 Afin d’ôter tout doute, le bois de démolition est exclu du domaine d’application de la présente Norme européenne (...)

Trdna biogoriva - Zagotavljanje kakovosti goriv - 1. del: Splošne zahteve

Ta evropski standard določa postopke za izpolnjevanje zahtev glede kakovosti in opisuje ukrepe za zagotavljanje zadostnega zaupanja, da je specifikacija biogoriva izpolnjena. Ta evropski standard zajema celotno verigo od dobave surovih materialov do točke dostave končnemu uporabniku. V skladu s pooblastilom, podeljenim za standardizacijsko delo, področje Tehničnega odbora (TC 335) zajema samo trdna biogoriva, ki izhajajo iz virov, kot so:
proizvodi iz kmetijstva in gozdarstva; rastlinski odpadki iz kmetijstva in gozdarstva; rastlinski odpadki iz živilskopredelovalne industrije; lesni odpadki, razen lesnih odpadkov, ki zaradi obdelave z zaščitnimi sredstvi ali premazi lahko vsebujejo halogenirane organske spojine ali težke kovine in ki vključujejo zlasti take lesne odpadke, ki izvirajo iz gradbenih odpadkov in odpadkov pri rušenju objektov; odpadki iz plute; vlakneni rastlinski odpadki iz proizvodnje primarne papirne kaše in iz proizvodnje papirja iz kaše, če se sosežigajo na kraju proizvodnje in se ustvarjena toplota zajame.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 08-Mar-2011
• Withdrawal Date: 29-Sep-2011
• ICS: 75.160.10 - Solid fuels
• ICS: 75.160.40 - Biofuels
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 335 - Solid biofuels
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 335/WG 2 - Fuel specifications, classes and quality assurance
• Current Stage: 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
• Completion Date: 04-Sep-2021
• Mandate: M/298 - Mandate to CEN for standardisation in the field of solid biofuels
• Ref Project: SIST EN 15234-1:2011 - Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 1: General requirements

Relations

• Replaces: CEN/TS 15234:2006 - Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance
• Effective Date: 12-Mar-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Trdna biogoriva - Zagotavljanje kakovosti goriv - 1. del: Splošne zahteveFeste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 1: Allgemeine AnforderungenBiocombustibles solides - Assurance de la qualité des combustibles - Partie 1: Exigences généralesSolid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 1: General requirements75.160.10Trda gorivaSolid fuelsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15234-1:2011SIST EN 15234-1:2011en,fr,de01-junij-2011SIST EN 15234-1:2011SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST-TS CEN/TS 15234:20061DGRPHãþD

EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15234-1
March 2011 ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes CEN/TS 15234:2006English Version
Solid biofuels - Fuel quality assurance - Part 1: General requirements
Biocombustibles solides - Assurance de la qualité des combustibles - Partie 1: Exigences générales
Feste Biobrennstoffe - Qualitätssicherung von Brennstoffen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 January 2011.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15234-1:2011: ESIST EN 15234-1:2011

Examples of product declarations . 17Annex B (informative)
Overview of properties being specified in EN 14961-1 . 20Bibliography . 22 SIST EN 15234-1:2011

NOTE In these standards, non-industrial use means: use in smaller scale appliances, such as, in households, in small commercial and public sector buildings. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15234-1:2011

Figure 1—Solid biofuel supply chain The objective of this European Standard is to serve as a tool to enable the efficient trading of biofuels. Thereby: a) end-user can find a biofuel that corresponds to its needs; b) producer/supplier can produce a biofuel with defined and consistent properties and describe the biofuel to the customers. Quality assurance measures shall establish confidence in the biofuel through systems that are simple to operate and do not cause undue bureaucracy. Solid biofuels are specified according to EN 14961 series — Solid biofuels  Fuel specifications and classes.
According to the terminology of EN ISO 9001:2008 [1], a Quality Management system generally consists of quality planning, quality control, quality assurance and quality improvement. This European Standard covers fuel quality assurance (part of quality management, focused on providing confidence that the quality requirements will be fulfilled) and quality control (part of quality management, focused on fulfilling the quality requirements). The users of this European Standard may integrate EN 15234-1 in their general quality assurance scheme, e.g. the EN ISO 9000 series [1, 2, 3]. If the company does not have a quality management system, this European Standard can be used on its own to help the supplier in documenting fuel quality and creating adequate confidence between the supplier and the end-user.
NOTE This European Standard for fuel quality assurance is only concerned with the fuel part. To ensure the efficient use of solid biofuels, the relationship between the fuel and the combustion unit is also important to consider. It is recommended that the end-users ensure that the combustion technology used and the solid biofuels are compatible to achieve an optimised burning process. In addition to high efficiency, the environmental impact is reduced when the combustion process is optimised (e.g. unburnt carbon in the ash will be reduced; the emissions from the flue gases are reduced, etc.). Raw materialIdentification
and collection ofraw materialProduction/ preparation ofsolid biofuelsTrade and delivery of
solid biofuelsReception ofsolid biofuelby end-userSupply chain activities covered by this European Standard End-user Combustion unit
or other conversion unit SIST EN 15234-1:2011

According to the mandate given for the standardisation work, the scope of the CEN/TC 335 only includes solid biofuels originating from the following sources:  products from agriculture and forestry;  vegetable waste from agriculture and forestry;  vegetable waste from the food processing industry;  wood waste, with the exception of wood waste which may contain halogenated organic compounds or heavy metal as a result of treatment with wood preservatives or coating, and which includes in particular such wood waste originated from construction and demolition waste;  fibrous vegetable waste from virgin pulp production and from the production of paper from pulp, if it is co-incinerated at the place of production and heat generated is recovered;  cork waste. NOTE 1
The quality assurance systems applied to the operation of conversion plants fuelled by solid biofuels are outside the scope of this European Standard. NOTE 2
Health, safety and environmental issues for solid biofuels are important and need special attention, however they are outside the scope of this European Standard. NOTE 3
For the avoidance of doubt, demolition wood is not included in the scope of this European Standard. Demolition wood is defined as “used wood arising from demolition of buildings or civil engineering installations”
(EN 14588:2010, 4.52). NOTE 4
The biofuels covered by this European standard are identical to the fuels exempted from the Directive 2000/76/EC [Article 2.2 a) from i) to v)] on incineration of waste. NOTE 5 Aquatic biomass is not included in the scope of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 14588:2010, Solid biofuels  Terminology, definitions and descriptions EN 14961-1:2010, Solid biofuels  Fuel specifications and classes  Part 1: General requirements NOTE In EN 14961-1, there is a list of Normative references of the European Standards for sampling, sample reduction and determination of solid biofuel properties. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14588:2010 apply. SIST EN 15234-1:2011

dry (dry basis) daf dry, ash-free ar as received w-% weight-percentage A designation for ash content Ad (w-% of dry basis) 1) BD
designation for bulk density as received [kg/m3] 1) DE designation for particle density as received [kg/dm3] 1) D designation for diameter as received [mm] 1) DU designation for mechanical durability as received [w-%]1) E designation for energy density as received Ear [MJ/m3 or MWh/m3 loose or stacked volume] amount of
energy/volume unit) 1) F designation for amount of fines [w-%, particles less than 3,15 mm] 1) L designation for length as received [mm] 1) M designation for moisture content as received on wet basis, Mar [w-%] 1) P designation for particle size distribution 1) qV,gr, d gross calorific value at constant volume on dry basis [MJ/kg]
qp,net,d net calorific value at constant pressure on dry basis [MJ/kg] Q designation for net calorific value as received, qp,net,ar [MJ/kg or kWh/kg or MWh/t] at constant
pressure1) NOTE 1 MJ/kg equals 0,2778 kWh/kg (1 kWh/kg equals 1 MWh/t and 1 MWh/t is 3,6 MJ/kg). 1 g/cm3 equals 1 kg/dm3.
1) Designation symbols are used in combination with a number to specify property levels in Table 3 to Table 15 and in informative Annex A in EN 14961-1:2010. For designation of chemical properties chemical symbols like S (sulphur), Cl (chlorine), N (nitrogen) are used and the value is added at the end of the symbol. SIST EN 15234-1:2011
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