EN 17542-1:2022
(Main)Earthworks - Geotechnical laboratory tests - Part 1: Degradability test standard
Earthworks - Geotechnical laboratory tests - Part 1: Degradability test standard
This document defines the principle and the methods for the determination of the "degradability coefficient" of rocky material.
The degradability coefficient IDG distinguishes the behaviour of certain rocky material and is used to show the change in the geotechnical characteristics (particle size, clay content, plasticity, etc.) in relation to the characteristics seen immediately following excavation.
Changes in the particle size occur due to the combined action of climatic or geohydrological elements (frost, soaking-drying cycles) and mechanical stress to which it is subjected. In the case of degradable rocky material, this leads to a fairly significant and continuous reduction in the mechanical and geometric characteristics of the works in which they are used.
The two methods developed in this document for the determination of IDG are not equivalent, so any result obtained by this document can refer to the method used.
Erdarbeiten - Geotechnische Laborversuche - Teil 1: Prüfung der Abbaubarkeit
Dieses Dokument definiert die Grundlagen und die Verfahren zur Bestimmung des "Abbaubarkeits-koeffizienten" von Felsmaterial.
Der Abbaubarkeitskoeffizient IDG unterscheidet das Verhalten bestimmter Felsmaterialien und wird ver-wendet, um die Änderungen der geotechnischen Merkmale (Korngröße, Tongehalt, Plastizität usw.) im Verhältnis zu den Merkmalen darzustellen, wie sie unmittelbar nach dem Lösen erkennbar sind.
Änderungen der Korngröße treten aufgrund der kombinierten Wirkung von klimatischen und geohydro-logischen Elementen (Frost, Wässerungs-Trocknungs-Zyklen) und der mechanischen Belastung auf, denen das Material ausgesetzt wird. Bei veränderlichen Felsmaterialien führt dies zu einer recht signifikanten und kontinuierlichen Herabsetzung der mechanischen und geometrischen Merkmale der Arbeiten, bei denen diese eingesetzt werden.
Die beiden in diesem Dokument entwickelten Verfahren für die Bestimmung von IDG sind nicht äquivalent, so dass aufgrund dieses Dokuments erhaltene Ergebnisse auf das verwendete Verfahren Bezug nehmen können.
Terrassements - Essais géotechniques en laboratoire - Partie 1 : Essai de dégradabilité
Le présent document définit le principe et les méthodes de détermination du « coefficient de dégradabilité » d’un matériau rocheux.
Le coefficient de dégradabilité IDG sert à distinguer le comportement de certains matériaux rocheux et est utilisé pour apprécier l’évolution des caractéristiques géotechniques (granulométrie, teneur en argile, plasticité, etc.) par rapport aux caractéristiques observées immédiatement après l’excavation.
Des modifications de la granulométrie se produisent sous l’action combinée des éléments climatiques ou hydrogéologiques (gel, cycles d’humidification-séchage) et des contraintes mécaniques auxquelles ils sont soumis. Dans le cas de matériaux rocheux dégradables, cela conduit à une détérioration relativement importante et continue des caractéristiques mécaniques et géométriques des ouvrages dans lesquels ils sont utilisés.
Les deux méthodes décrites dans le présent document pour la détermination du coefficient IDG n’étant pas équivalentes, les résultats obtenus à partir de ce document se réfèrent à la méthode utilisée.
Zemeljska dela - Geotehnični laboratorijski preskusi - 1. del: Preskus razgradljivosti
Ta dokument določa načelo in metode za določanje »koeficienta razgradljivosti« kamninskega materiala.
Koeficient razgradljivosti IDG označuje obnašanje določenega kamninskega materiala in se uporablja za prikaz sprememb geotehničnih lastnosti (velikost delcev, vsebnost gline, plastičnost itd.) glede na lastnosti, zaznane takoj po izkopu.
Velikost delcev se spremeni zaradi skupnega delovanja podnebnih oziroma geohidroloških dejavnikov (zmrzal, cikli močenja in sušenja) in mehanskih obremenitev, katerim so izpostavljeni. To pa pri razgradljivem kamninskem materialu povzroči znatno in stalno zmanjševanje mehanskih ter geometrijskih lastnosti proizvodov, v katerih se uporabljajo.
Metodi za določanje IDG, oblikovani v tem dokumentu, nista enakovredni, zato se lahko na uporabo metode sklicuje vsak rezultat, pridobljen na podlagi tega dokumenta.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2022
Zemeljska dela - Geotehnični laboratorijski preskusi - 1. del: Preskus
razgradljivosti
Earthworks - Geotechnical laboratory tests - Part 1: Degradability test standard
Erdarbeiten - Geotechnische Laborversuche - Teil 1: Prüfung der Abbaubarkeit
Terrassements - Essais géotechniques en laboratoire - Partie 1 : Essai de dégradabilité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 17542-1:2022
ICS:
93.020 Zemeljska dela. Izkopavanja. Earthworks. Excavations.
Gradnja temeljev. Dela pod Foundation construction.
zemljo Underground works
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN 17542-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 93.020
English Version
Earthworks - Geotechnical laboratory tests - Part 1:
Degradability test standard
Terrassements - Essais géotechniques en laboratoire - Erdarbeiten - Geotechnische Laborversuche - Teil 1:
Partie 1 : Essai de dégradabilité Prüfung der Abbaubarkeit
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 April 2022.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 17542-1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 5
5 Method A . 6
5.1 Test principle . 6
5.2 Equipment and test material . 6
5.3 Preparing samples . 6
5.4 Testing . 6
5.5 Calculation and expression of results . 7
5.6 Test report . 7
6 Method B . 8
6.1 Test principle . 8
6.2 Equipment and test material . 8
6.3 Operating procedure . 9
6.3.1 Sample sizes . 9
6.3.2 Sample preparation . 10
6.3.3 Conduct of the test . 11
6.3.4 Quantitative examination . 11
6.3.5 Qualitative examination . 11
6.4 Test report . 12
Annex A (informative) Example of Test report Degradability coefficient of rocky material
according to EN 17842-1: Method A . 13
Annex B (informative) Example of Test report Degradability coefficient of rocky material
according to EN 17842-1: Method B . 15
Annex C (informative) Alternative size fractions for method A . 17
Bibliography . 18
European foreword
This document (EN 17542-1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 396
“Earthworks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2022, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by December 2022.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North
Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
Introduction
The degradability coefficient I is an identification parameter adopted in the classification of materials
DG
for earthworks (EN 16907-2). This document refers to two methods to define the degradability
behaviour, designated as French and Spanish methods in EN 16907-2. Those two methods are described
as Method A and Method B, respectively.
1 Scope
This document defines the principle and the methods for the determination of the “degradability
coefficient” of rocky material.
The degradability coefficient I distinguishes the behaviour of certain rocky material and is used to show
DG
the change in the geotechnical characteristics (particle size, clay content, plasticity, etc.) in relation to the
characteristics seen immediately following excavation.
Changes in the particle size occur due to the combined action of climatic or geohydrological elements
(frost, soaking-drying cycles) and mechanical stress to which it is subjected. In the case of degradable
rocky material, this leads to a fairly significant and continuous reduction in the mechanical and geometric
characteristics of the works in which they are used.
The two methods developed in this document for the determination of I are not equivalent. The results
DG
obtained by this document refer to the method used.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 16907-2, Earthworks — Part 2: Classification of materials
ISO 3310-1, Test sieves — Technical requirements and testing — Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth
ISO 3310-2, Test sieves — Technical requirements and testing — Part 2: Test sieves of perforated metal
plate
EN ISO 17892-4, Geotechnical investigation and testing — Laboratory testing of soil — Part 4:
Determination of particle size distribution
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
4 Symbols and abbreviated terms
I Degradability coefficient of a rocky material (in percent) obtained by method A (French
DGa
test)
I Degradability coefficient of a rocky material (in percent) obtained by method B (Spanish
DGb
test)
D Particle size (in millimeter) below which 10 % of the mass of a grainy material are found
d/D Ratio reflecting material fraction retained by a sieve of mesh size d over material fraction
passed through a sieve of a mesh size D
D D value of the material before the first soaking-drying cycle (in millimeter)
10 bef 10
D D value of the material after the soaking-drying cycles (in millimeter)
10 aft 10
5 Method A
5.1 Test principle
The test is conducted by estimating changes in the D value of a sample of a given granularity d/D
subjected to four conventional soaking-drying cycles.
The degradability coefficient I is expressed as the ratio of the D values before and after the soaking-
DG 10
drying cycles.
5.2 Equipment and test material
— Test sieves conforming to ISO 3310-1 or ISO 3310-2, together with appropriate receivers. The
number of sieves used and their aperture sizes shall be sufficient to ensure that any discontinuities
in the grading curve are detected. The inclusion of sieves: 10 mm, 16 mm, 20 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm or
63 mm, and 80 mm is necessary as these represent the boundary sizes of the testing.
— An adjustable thermostat oven with forced air circulation devices capable of maintaining a uniform
temperature of (105 ± 5) °C throughout the drying chamber.
— Flat metal tray, minimum dimensions (H × L × W): 0,1 m × 0,3 m × 0,5 m.
— Flat tray, minimum dimensions (H × L × W): 0,25 m × 0,5 m × 0,75 m.
— Balance, with a maximum permissible measurement error less than 0,2 % of the weighed mass.
5.3 Preparing samples
Take a sample that is representative of the nature of the rocky material to be tested either by extracting
a core sample, or by using a hydraulic shovel, or by cropping the surface, or by taking the sample directly
from the excavation site. Then prepare the d/D fraction to be tested.
The d/D fraction is obtained by crushing the sample with a hammer (if required), then by sifting it
through the following sieves :
— 10 mm and 20 mm for material derived from weak clay rocks such as marl, shale, pelite, etc.
— 40 mm and 80 mm for material derived from strong clay rocks such as sedimentary schist, and
degraded magmatic and metamorphic rocks.
The oversize particles from the 20 mm and 80 mm sieves which respectively correspond to the
dimensions D of the two particle size fractions tested may be returned to the sample after they have been
crushed with a hammer and sifted once more through the 10/20 mm and 40/80 mm sieves respectively.
Alternative size fractions are given in Annex C for the preparation of the test sample. Testing other size
fractions may produce results different from those obtained using the reference size fractions. The size
fraction used and the reference to Annex C should then be given in the test report.
The sample shall weigh at least 2 kg.
5.4 Testing
ln order to draw the initial three point granulometric curve, sift the 10/20 mm or 40/80 mm fraction
(prepared earlier) through 16 mm and 50 mm or 63 mm sieves respectively, then weigh and note down
the oversize particles from these sieves.
Mix all sample fractions and homogenize the d/D fraction after sifting and spread it over the metal tray.
Immerse this tray into the large tray then place it in the oven at (105 ± 5) °C. The soaking-drying cycle is
carried out four times in succession.
The 1st cycle starts with a soaking acti
...
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