EN ISO 6165:2022

Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and vocabulary (ISO 6165:2022)

This document provides vocabulary and an identification structure for classifying earth-moving machinery designed to perform the following operations:
—    excavation;
—    loading;
—    transportation;
—    drilling, spreading, compacting or trenching of earth, rock and other materials, during work, for example, on roads and dams, in quarries and mines and on building sites.
The purpose of this document is to provide a clear means to identify earth-moving machinery according to its function and design configurations which can include additional classifications according to its operating mass and control operator configuration.
Annex A provides a procedure based on the identification structure used by this document to classify the machinery and introduce detailed identifications consistent with the logic implied by the structure.
Annex B provides a hierarchy of the operator control configurations for earth-moving machinery.

Erdbaumaschinen - Grundtypen - Identifizierung und Begriffe (ISO 6165:2022)

Dieses Dokument enthält Begriffe sowie eine Identifizierungsstruktur zur Klassifizierung von Erdbaumaschinen, die für die Ausführung der folgenden Arbeiten ausgelegt sind:
—   Graben;
—   Laden;
—   Transportieren;
—   Bohren, Verteilen, Verdichten oder Fräsen von Erde, Gestein und anderen Materialien, z. B. während Straßen- und Dammarbeiten, in Steinbrüchen und Bergbaubetrieben sowie bei Arbeiten auf Baustellen.
Das Ziel dieses Dokuments ist, ein eindeutiges Hilfsmittel zur Identifizierung von Erdbaumaschinen nach ihrer Funktion und Bauart bereitzustellen; dies kann zusätzliche Klassifizierungen nach ihrer Betriebsmasse und Art der Steuerung beinhalten.
Anhang A enthält ein Verfahren, das auf der in diesem Dokument angewendeten Identifizierungsstruktur basiert, um die Maschinen zu klassifizieren und detaillierte Identifizierungen entsprechend der dieser Struktur impliziten Logik einzuführen.
Anhang B enthält eine Einordnung von Erdbaumaschinen nach der Art der Steuerung.

Engins de terrassement - Principaux types - Identification et vocabulaire (ISO 6165:2022)

Le présent document fournit le vocabulaire et une structure d’identification pour la classification des engins de terrassement conçus pour effectuer les opérations suivantes:
creusement;
chargement;
transport;
forage, épandage, compactage ou tranchage de matériaux terreux ou autres, par exemple lors de la construction de routes ou de barrages, dans les mines et carrières et sur les chantiers de construction.
Le présent document a pour objet de proposer un moyen clair pour identifier les engins de terrassement d’après leurs fonction et configurations de conception qui peuvent comporter des classifications supplémentaires selon leur masse en service et configuration de commande de l’opérateur.
L’Annexe A fournit un mode opératoire basé sur la structure d’identification utilisée par le présent document pour classer les engins et pour introduire des identifications détaillées en cohérence avec la logique en question.
L’Annexe B fournit une hiérarchie de configurations des commandes de l'opérateur des engins de terrassement.

Stroji za zemeljska dela - Osnovni tipi - Identifikacija in slovar (ISO 6165:2022)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 11-Oct-2022
• ICS: 01.040.53 - Materials handling equipment (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 53.100 - Earth-moving machinery
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 151 - Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 151 - Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 12-Oct-2022
• Completion Date: 12-Oct-2022
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 6165:2022 - Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and vocabulary (ISO 6165:2022)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 6165:2012 - Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and terms and definitions (ISO 6165:2012)
• Effective Date: 02-Jan-2019

Overview

EN ISO 6165:2022 - Earth‑moving machinery: Basic types - Identification and vocabulary defines a standardized vocabulary and an identification structure for earth‑moving machinery. The standard covers machines designed for excavation, loading, transportation, drilling, spreading, compacting and trenching of earth, rock and other materials. Its primary purpose is to provide a clear, consistent way to identify machine types by function and design configuration, with optional sub‑classification by operating mass and operator control configuration.

Key topics

• Identification structure: A logical framework to classify machine families and derive detailed identifications (see Annex A - identification procedure).
• Vocabulary and definitions: Precise terms for core concepts such as earth‑moving machinery, base machine, equipment, attachment, machine family, machine model, individual machine, operating mass, compact machine and operator protective structure.
• Machine families: Standard list of families (dozers, loaders, backhoe loaders, excavators, trenchers, dumpers, scrapers, graders, compactors, rollers, pipelayers, compact tool carriers, vacuum excavators).
• Operator control configurations: Definitions for direct‑control (ride‑on, non‑riding), remote‑control (wire, wireless), autonomous and semi‑autonomous operation, plus a hierarchical classification of control configurations (Annex B).
• Operating mass definition: Clear specification of what is included in operating mass (base machine, equipment/empty attachments in typical configuration, operator weight when applicable, full fuel and fluid levels).
• Edition and scope: Seventh edition (2022), superseding the 2012 edition; developed by ISO/TC 127 in collaboration with CEN/TC 151.

Applications

EN ISO 6165:2022 is practical for:

• Manufacturers - consistent product naming, model designation and documentation.
• Specifiers and purchasers - unambiguous identification of required machine types and configurations for tenders and procurement.
• Fleet managers and rental companies - cataloguing, asset tracking and maintenance planning using standardized classifications and operating mass metrics.
• Regulators and testing bodies - harmonized terminology for compliance, reporting and safety assessments.
• OEMs and attachment suppliers - clear definitions for equipment/interface compatibility and product literature.
• Research, training and technical documentation - consistent language for manuals, training courses and standards referencing.

Related standards

• ISO 20474 series - safety requirements for many machine families referenced in this document.
• ISO 10261 - product identification number (PIN) referenced for individual machine identification.
• Standards for operator protective structures (e.g., ISO 3471, ISO 3449, ISO 12117 series) are relevant where protective structures are discussed.

Using EN ISO 6165:2022 helps ensure consistent classification, clearer procurement specifications and improved interoperability across the earth‑moving machinery sector.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2022
Nadomešča:
SIST EN ISO 6165:2012
Stroji za zemeljska dela - Osnovni tipi - Identifikacija in slovar (ISO 6165:2022)
Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and vocabulary (ISO 6165:2022)
Erdbaumaschinen - Grundtypen - Identifizierung und Begriffe (ISO 6165:2022)
Engins de terrassement - Principaux types - Identification et vocabulaire (ISO
6165:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 6165:2022
ICS:
01.040.53 Oprema za transport Materials handling equipment
materiala (Slovarji) (Vocabularies)
53.100 Stroji za zemeljska dela Earth-moving machinery
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 6165
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2022
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.53; 53.100 Supersedes EN ISO 6165:2012
English Version
Earth-moving machinery - Basic types - Identification and
vocabulary (ISO 6165:2022)
Engins de terrassement - Principaux types - Erdbaumaschinen - Grundtypen - Identifizierung und
Identification et vocabulaire (ISO 6165:2022) Begriffe (ISO 6165:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 October 2022.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 6165:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 6165:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127 "Earth-
moving machinery" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment
and building material machines - Safety” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2023.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 6165:2012.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 6165:2022 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 6165:2022 without any modification.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 6165
Seventh edition
2022-09
Earth-moving machinery — Basic
types — Identification and vocabulary
Engins de terrassement — Principaux types — Identification et
vocabulaire
Reference number
ISO 6165:2022(E)
ISO 6165:2022(E)
© ISO 2022
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 6165:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 Machine characteristics and operating classification . 1
3.2 Machine families . 5
Annex A (informative) Identification procedure .10
Annex B (informative) Earth-moving machinery operator control configurations .12
Bibliography .13
Index .15
iii
ISO 6165:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 127, Earth-moving machinery,
Subcommittee SC 4, Terminology, commercial nomenclature, classification and ratings, in collaboration
with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 151,
Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety, in accordance with the Agreement on
technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This seventh edition cancels and replaces the sixth edition (ISO 6165:2012), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— the following terms were added: operator protective structure (3.1.14), canopy (3.1.15), cab (3.1.16),
minimal tail radius excavator (3.2.4.2) and vacuum excavator (3.2.13);
— the definition for compact tool carrier (3.2.12) was revised;
— the definition for compactor (3.2.9) was revised;
— the terminological entry for horizontal directional drill was deleted;
— Annexes A and B were revised according to the modification text.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
ISO 6165:2022(E)
Introduction
This document establishes the vocabulary for earth-moving machinery according to the function
and configuration. The safety requirements, for most of machine families listed in this document, are
provided in the ISO 20474 series.
v
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 6165:2022(E)
Earth-moving machinery — Basic types — Identification
and vocabulary
1 Scope
This document provides vocabulary and an identification structure for classifying earth-moving
machinery designed to perform the following operations:
— excavation;
— loading;
— transportation;
— drilling, spreading, compacting or trenching of earth, rock and other materials, during work, for
example, on roads and dams, in quarries and mines and on building sites.
The purpose of this document is to provide a clear means to identify earth-moving machinery according
to its function and design configurations which can include additional classifications according to its
operating mass and control operator configuration.
Annex A provides a procedure based on the identification structure used by this document to classify
the machinery and introduce detailed identifications consistent with the logic implied by the structure.
Annex B provides a hierarchy of the operator control configurations for earth-moving machinery.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Machine characteristics and operating classification
3.1.1
earth-moving machinery
self-propelled or towed base machine (3.1.11) on wheels (drums or tyres), crawlers, legs, which can have
equipment (3.1.12) or attachment (3.1.13), or both, primarily designed to perform excavation, loading,
transportation, drilling, spreading, compacting or trenching of earth, rock and other materials
Note 1 to entry: Earth-moving machinery can be either direct-controlled or be remote-controlled. It can also
operate autonomously or semi-autonomously.
Note 2 to entry: See Annex B for types of operator control configurations.
ISO 6165:2022(E)
3.1.1.1
compact machine
earth-moving machinery (3.1.1), except for compact excavators (3.2.4.5) and compact loaders (3.2.2.3),
having an operating mass (3.1.10) of 4 500 kg or less
3.1.2
direct-control machine
self-propelled earth-moving machinery (3.1.1) where the machine is controlled by an operator in physical
contact with the machine
3.1.2.1
ride-on machine
direct-control machine (3.1.2) where the control devices are located on the machine and the machine is
controlled by a seated or standing operator on the machine
3.1.2.2
non-riding machine
direct-control machine (3.1.2) where the control devices are located on the machine and the machine is
controlled by a pedestrian operator (neither seated nor standing on the machine)
3.1.3
remote-control machine
self-propelled earth-moving machinery (3.1.1) where the machine is controlled by the transmission of
signals from a remote-control box that is not located on the machine to a receiving unit located on the
machine
Note 1 to entry: The remote control can either be wireless or by wire.
3.1.3.1
wire-controlled machine
remote-control machine (3.1.3) where the control of the machine is accomplished by signals transmitted
through wires from an operator-controlled device distant from the machine
Note 1 to entry: Normally, a wire-controlled machine is operated with a direct view on the working area.
3.1.3.2
wireless-controlled machine
remote-control machine (3.1.3) where the control of the machine is accomplished by signals transmitted
through the air from an operator-controlled device distant from the machine
Note 1 to entry: A wireless-controlled machine is operated with or without a direct view on the working area.
3.1.4
autonomous mode
mode of operation in which an earth-moving machinery (3.1.1) performs all machine safety-critical and
earth-moving or mining functions related to its defined operations without operator interaction
3.1.5
autonomous machine
earth-moving machinery (3.1.1) intended to operate in autonomous mode (3.1.4) during its normal
operating cycle
3.1.6
semi-autonomous machine
earth-moving machinery (3.1.1) intended to operate in autonomous mode (3.1.4) during part of its
operating cycle and which requires active control by an operator to complete some of the tasks assigned
to the machine
ISO 6165:2022(E)
3.1.7
machine family
group of machines designed for the same type of operation
Note 1 to entry: Earth-moving machinery (3.1.1) comprises the following machine families:
— dozers (3.2.1);
— loaders (3.2.2);
— backhoe loaders (3.2.3);
— excavators (3.2.4);
— trenchers (3.2.5);
— dumpers (3.2.6);
— scrapers (3.2.7);
— graders (3.2.8);
— compactors (3.2.9);
— rollers (3.2.10);
— pipelayers (3.2.11);
— compact tool carriers (3.2.12);
— vacuum excavators (3.2.13).
3.1.8
machine model
machine type
manufacturer's designation of a machine family (3.1.7)
Note 1 to entry: A machine family can have several models or types which are the manufacturer's type designation
of the machine.
3.1.9
individual machine
machine having a unique identification number for each manufactured machine
Note 1 to entry: The product identification number (PIN) according to ISO 10261 clearly identifies the individual
machine.
3.1.10
operating mass
mass of the base machine (3.1.11), with equipment (3.1.12) and empty attachment (3.1.13) in the most
usual configuration as specified by the manufacturer, and with the operator (75 kg), full fuel tank and
all fluid systems (i.e. hydraulic oil, transmission oil, engine oil, engine coolant) at the levels specified by
the manufacturer and, when applicable, with the sprinkler water tank(s) half full
Note 1 to entry: The mass of the operator is not included for non-riding machines (3.1.2.2).
Note 2 to entry: Ballast mass at delivery can be included if it is specified by the manufacturer.
3.1.11
base machine
machine with or without a cab (3.1.16) or a canopy (3.1.15) and operator-protective structure (3.1.14) if
required, without equipment (3.1.12) or attachments (3.1.13) but possessing the necessary mounting for
such equipment and attachments
ISO 6165:2022(E)
3.1.12
equipment
set of components mounted onto the base machine (3.1.11) which allows an attachment (3.1.13) to
perform the primary design function of the machine
3.1.13
attachment
assembly of components that can be mounted onto the base machine (3.1.11) or equipment (3.1.12) for
specific use
3.1.14
operator protective structure
system of structural members whose purpose is to provide operator with reasonable protection from
hazards related to machine tip-over, machine roll-over, falling objects or penetrating objects
Note 1 to entry: In
...