prEN 1501-1
(Main)Refuse collection vehicles - General requirements and safety requirements - Part 1: Rear loaded refuse collection vehicles
Refuse collection vehicles - General requirements and safety requirements - Part 1: Rear loaded refuse collection vehicles
This document applies to rear loaded refuse collection vehicles (RCV), as defined in 3.2, regardless of the power drive.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the rear loaded RCV, when it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable, throughout its foreseeable lifetime, as defined in Clause 4.
This document is applicable to the design and construction of the rear loaded RCV so as to ensure that it is fit for its intended function and can be operated, cleaned (including unblocking), adjusted and maintained during its entire lifetime. It is not applicable to the end of life of the rear loaded RCV.
This document describes and defines the safety requirements of rear loaded RCVs excluding the interface tailgate/discharge door with the lifting device(s) and the lifting device(s) itself and excluding loader cranes, which could be mounted on the RCV.
Lifting device(s) and the interface with the tailgate/discharge door are covered in EN 1501-5:202X.
Loader cranes are covered in EN 12999:2020+A1:2025 and those installed on RCVs are covered in EN 1501-5:202X.
This document also applies to compactors, operated on a truck for collecting purposes.
This document is not applicable to:
- operation in severe conditions, e.g. extreme environmental conditions such as:
- below −20 °C and above +40 °C temperatures;
- tropical environment;
- wind velocity in excess of 75 km/h;
- contaminating environment;
- corrosive environment;
- operation in potentially explosive atmospheres;
- handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. hot refuses, acids and bases, radioactive materials, contaminated refuse, especially fragile loads, explosives);
- operation on ships.
This document is not applicable to machinery which is manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
Abfallsammelfahrzeuge - Allgemeine Anforderungen und Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 1: Hecklader
Dieses Dokument ist für Hecklader-Abfallsammelfahrzeuge (ASF) nach 3.2 ungeachtet des Antriebs anzuwenden.
Dieses Dokument behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Ereignisse im Hinblick auf Hecklader ASF bei bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung und bei Zuständen von Missbrauch, welche während der voraussichtlichen Lebensdauer vernünftigerweise vorhersehbar sind, wie in Abschnitt 4 festgelegt.
Dieses Dokument ist anzuwenden für die Gestaltung und Konstruktion des Hecklader-ASF, um sicherzustellen, dass es für seine bestimmungsgemäße Funktion geeignet ist und dass es während seiner gesamten Lebensdauer betrieben, gereinigt (einschließlich der Beseitigung einer Blockierung), eingestellt und instand gehalten werden kann. Es ist nicht anzuwenden für das Ende der Lebensdauer des Hecklader ASF.
Dieses Dokument beschreibt und legt die Sicherheitsanforderungen an Hecklader ASF unter Ausschluss der Schnittstelle Heckteil/Entladetür mit der/den Schüttung(en) und der/den Schüttung(en) selbst und unter Ausschluss von Ladekranen, die auf das ASF montiert werden könnten fest.
Schüttung(en) und die Schnittstelle mit dem Heckteil/der Entladetür werden in EN 1501 5:202X behandelt.
Ladekrane werden in EN 12999:2020+A1:2025 und an ASF installierte Ladekrane werden in EN 1501 5:202X behandelt.
Dieses Dokument ist auch anzuwenden für Verdichter, die auf einem LKW zu Sammelzwecken betrieben werden.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für:
Betrieb unter Extrembedingungen, z. B. extreme Umgebungsbedingungen, wie:
Temperaturen unter −20 °C und über +40 °C;
tropische Umgebung;
Windgeschwindigkeiten von mehr als 75 km/h;
verunreinigende Umgebung;
korrosive Atmosphäre;
Betrieb in explosionsfähigen Atmosphären;
Handhabung von Ladungen, die Gefährdungssituationen auslösen könnten (z. B. heiße Abfälle, Säuren und Basen, radioaktive Stoffe, verunreinigter Abfall, besonders zerbrechliche Ladungen, Explosivstoffe);
Einsatz auf Schiffen.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anzuwenden für Maschinen, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokumentes durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Véhicules de collecte de déchets - Exigences générales et exigences de sécurité - Partie 1 : Véhicules de collecte de déchets à chargement arrière
Le présent document s’applique aux véhicules de collecte de déchets (V.C.D.) à chargement arrière, tels que définis en 3.2, quelle que soit leur motorisation.
Le présent document traite de tous les dangers, situations et phénomènes dangereux importants relatifs aux V.C.D. à chargement arrière, tels que définis à l’Article 4, lorsqu’ils sont utilisés conformément aux attentes et dans des conditions de mauvaise utilisation raisonnablement prévisibles, durant toute leur durée de vie prévue.
Le présent document est applicable à la conception et à la fabrication des V.C.D. à chargement arrière, en vue de garantir que les véhicules puissent accomplir leur fonction prévue et être utilisés, nettoyés (déblocage compris), réglés et entretenus durant leur durée de vie entière. Il ne s’applique pas à la fin de vie des V.C.D. à chargement arrière.
Le présent document décrit et définit les exigences de sécurité des V.C.D. à chargement arrière, à l’exclusion de l’interface de la porte arrière/porte de déchargement avec le ou les lève conteneurs et du ou des lève conteneurs eux mêmes, et à l’exclusion des grues de chargement pouvant être montées sur les V.C.D.
Le ou les lève conteneurs et l’interface avec la porte arrière/porte de déchargement sont couvertes dans l’EN 1501-5:202X.
Les grues de chargement sont couvertes dans l’EN 12999:2020+A1:2025 et celles installées sur des V.C.D. sont couvertes par l’EN 1501-5:202X.
Le présent document s’applique également aux compacteurs utilisés sur un camion pour la collecte.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas :
- au fonctionnement dans des conditions difficiles, par exemple, des conditions environnementales extrêmes, telles que :
- des températures inférieures à −20 °C et supérieures à +40 °C ;
- un environnement tropical ;
- une vitesse de vent dépassant 75 km/h ;
- aux milieux polluants ;
- aux environnements corrosifs ;
- au fonctionnement dans des atmosphères potentiellement explosives ;
- à la manutention de chargements dont la nature pourrait donner lieu à des situations dangereuses (par exemple, déchets chauds, acides et bases, matériaux radioactifs, déchets contaminés, chargements particulièrement fragiles, explosifs) ;
- au fonctionnement sur les navires.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux machines fabriquées avant la date de publication de ce document par le CEN.
Vozila za zbiranje odpadkov - Splošne in varnostne zahteve - 1. del: Vozila za zbiranje odpadkov z nakladanjem zadaj
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2025
Vozila za zbiranje odpadkov - Splošne in varnostne zahteve - 1. del: Vozila za
zbiranje odpadkov z nakladanjem zadaj
Refuse collection vehicles - General requirements and safety requirements - Part 1: Rear
loaded refuse collection vehicles
Abfallsammelfahrzeuge - Allgemeine Anforderungen und Sicherheitsanforderungen -
Teil 1: Hecklader
Véhicules de collecte de déchets - Exigences générales et exigences de sécurité - Partie
1 : Véhicules de collecte de déchets à chargement arrière
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1501-1
ICS:
13.030.40 Naprave in oprema za Installations and equipment
odstranjevanje in obdelavo for waste disposal and
odpadkov treatment
43.160 Vozila za posebne namene Special purpose vehicles
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2025
ICS 43.160 Will supersede EN 1501-1:2021
English Version
Refuse collection vehicles - General requirements and
safety requirements - Part 1: Rear loaded refuse collection
vehicles
Véhicules de collecte de déchets - Exigences générales Abfallsammelfahrzeuge - Allgemeine Anforderungen
et exigences de sécurité - Partie 1 : Véhicules de und Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 1: Hecklader
collecte de déchets à chargement arrière
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 183.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2025 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1501-1:2025 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 7
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms and definitions . 12
4 List of significant hazards . 19
5 Safety requirements and protective measures . 22
5.1 General. 22
5.2 Danger zones . 23
5.2.1 General. 23
5.2.2 Verification . 25
5.3 Compaction mechanism . 26
5.3.1 General. 26
5.3.2 Interaction between bodywork and compaction mechanism . 26
5.3.3 Hopper . 26
5.3.4 Relationship between the compaction mechanism and the load opening edge . 26
5.3.5 Guide flap . 27
5.3.6 Additional equipment(s) . 27
5.3.7 Guards . 27
5.3.8 Electro-sensitive protective equipment (ESPE) . 27
5.3.9 Controls for the compaction mechanism . 27
5.4 Discharge system . 28
5.4.1 Controls for discharge system . 28
5.4.2 Operation conditions for the tailgate or discharge door . 29
5.4.3 Operation conditions for emptying the body and the tailgate . 29
5.4.4 Hinged adaptation frame . 29
5.5 Requirements for the refuse container lifting device(s) . 29
5.6 Position of the refuse container lifting device in relation to the compaction
mechanism . 30
5.7 Satellite vehicle . 30
5.8 Hydraulic, pneumatic and electric systems. 30
5.8.1 Hydraulic system . 30
5.8.2 Pneumatic system . 30
5.8.3 Electric system . 30
5.9 Operating symbols . 30
5.10 Riding on rear loaded RCV by operator(s) . 33
5.10.1 General. 33
5.10.2 Cab . 33
5.10.3 Footboard(s) and handles . 33
5.11 Control systems . 38
5.11.1 General requirements for safety circuits . 38
5.11.2 Emergency stop devices . 38
5.11.3 Control devices . 39
5.12 Monitoring and warning. 40
5.12.1 Closed circuit television system . 40
5.12.2 Communication . 41
5.12.3 Warnings . 41
5.13 Electrical components. 43
5.13.1 General . 43
5.13.2 Protective interlocks . 43
5.13.3 Two-hand operating controls. 43
5.13.4 Overload protection. 43
5.13.5 Energy interruption . 43
5.13.6 Position sensors . 43
5.13.7 Terminals and wire connections . 43
5.13.8 Electric cables and wiring harness . 44
5.13.9 Working lights . 44
5.14 Requirements for maintenance . 44
5.14.1 Unexpected start-up . 44
5.14.2 Raised tailgate or discharge door or tilting body . 44
5.14.3 Access and inspection door(s) . 44
5.14.4 Cleaning . 44
5.15 Stability and driving security . 45
5.15.1 General . 45
5.15.2 Stability in refuse container lifting mode . 45
5.15.3 Stability in discharging mode . 45
5.15.4 Lateral stability . 45
5.15.5 Minimum front axle mass . 45
5.16 Exhaust pipe . 45
5.17 Measures regarding explosions . 45
5.18 Vibration . 46
5.19 Noise control . 46
5.20 Fire resistance . 47
5.21 Fire extinguisher . 47
5.22 Interchangeable body system . 47
6 Verification . 47
7 Information for use . 47
7.1 Instruction handbook . 47
7.2 Maintenance . 50
7.3 Spare parts list . 50
7.4 Data sheet . 50
7.5 Marking . 50
7.6 Instructional labels . 51
Annex A (normative) Description of interfaces and systems . 52
Annex B (normative) Open and closed systems — Footboard(s) . 55
Annex C (normative) Basic scenarios of different danger zones . 66
Annex D (informative) Volumes . 79
Annex E (informative) Illuminated areas . 80
Annex F (normative) Test procedure for measurement of whole-body and hand-arm
vibration . 81
F.1 General . 81
F.2 Instrumentation . 81
F.3 Characterization of vibration . 81
F.4 General requirements . 83
F.5 Operating conditions . 83
F.6 Tests . 84
F.7 Reporting . 84
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Regulation (EU) 2023/1230 aimed to be covered . 85
Bibliography . 91
European foreword
This document (prEN 1501-1:2025) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 183 “Waste
management”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1501-1:2021.
This document includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 1501-1:2021:
— Clause 2 “Normative references” and Clause 3 “Terms and definitions” have been updated;
— new hazardous situation “Crushing, trapping by the compaction mechanism by entanglement with
the lifting mechanism” has been added in Table 1 “List of significant hazards”;
— new performance level requirements PLr have been added throughout the document;
— new requirements for the verification of danger zones close distance front, left and right (DZ )
CDFLR
and backwards movement (DZ ) have been added in Table 2 “Basic scenarios and applicable
BM
danger zones” and 5.2.2 “Verification”;
— 5.3.4.1 “Closed system” has been updated;
— 5.8 “Hydraulic, pneumatic and electric systems” has been revised;
— 5.10.2 “Cab” has been updated;
— new requirements for foldable handles have been added in 5.10.3.3 “Handles – General
requirements”;
— 5.10.3.4.4 “Rolling backwards” has been updated and the reaction time for drivers after the audible
warning started has been increased, while the time period after deactivation of lifter and
compaction mechanism has been reduced;
— 5.10.3.4.5 “Overriding the footboard safety functions” has been updated;
— 5.12.3 “Warnings” has been revised and new requirements have been added;
— 5.13.9 “Working lights” has been updated;
— 5.20 “Fire resistance” and 5.21 “Fire extinguisher” have been added;
— 5.22 “Interchangeable body system” has been added;
— 7.1 “Instruction handbook” has been revised;
— figures in Annex C “Basic scenarios of different danger zones” have been updated;
— 5.18 “Vibration” has been revised and Annex F “Test procedure for measurement of whole-body
and hand-arm vibration” has been added;
— Annex ZA has been revised.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
For the relationship with EU Legislation, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
EN 1501, Refuse collection vehicles — General requirements and safety requirements, is currently
composed with the following parts:
— Part 1: Rear loaded refuse collection vehicles (this part)
— Part 2: Side loaded refuse collection vehicles
— Part 3: Front loaded refuse collection vehicles
— Part 4: Noise test code for refuse collection vehicles
— Part 5: Lifting devices for refuse collection vehicles
This document will be enforced at the same time as EN 1501-5:202X and applied whenever the RCV is
fitted with a lifting device.
For combinations of a rear loaded refuse collection vehicle with side and/or front-loading capability the
corresponding clauses of EN 1501-2:202X, EN 1501-3:202X and EN 1501-5:202X apply.
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the
market players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organisations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organisations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting
process of this document.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events
are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type-
B standards, the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the
other standards for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this
type-C standard.
This document is intended for careful consideration by designers, manufacturers, suppliers and users of
rear loaded RCVs.
This document should be read in conjunction with EN 1501-5:202X developed for lifting devices and
loader cranes which are compatible with the refuse collection vehicle specified in this document.
While producing this document it was assumed that:
— for RCV the requirements of road traffic regulations apply. Where road traffic regulations are in
conflict with the provisions of this document, the road regulations have priority;
— due to the European regulations on the approval of vehicles for use on public roads, the
requirements of UN/ECE R10:2019 for an RCV with regard to EMC applies. Therefore, EMC is not
further considered in this document;
— the guidelines issued by the chassis manufacturer have been taken into account;
— chassis related safety items are handled by the chassis manufacturer according to their state of the
art and in compliance with the public road regulations;
— the guidelines of the lifting device manufacturer have been taken into account;
— components without specific requirements are designed in accordance with the usual engineering
practice and calculation codes, including all failure modes, of sound mechanical and electrical
construction and made of materials of adequate strength and of suitable quality;
— components are kept in good repair and working order, so that the required characteristics remain
despite wear and tear;
— harmful materials, such as asbestos, are not used as part of the rear loaded RCV;
— only persons who have been appropriately trained will operate the rear loaded RCV.
1 Scope
This document applies to rear loaded refuse collection vehicles (RCV), as defined in 3.2, regardless of
the power drive.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to the rear
loaded RCV, when it is used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably
foreseeable, throughout its foreseeable lifetime, as defined in Clause 4.
This document is applicable to the design and construction of the rear loaded RCV so as to ensure that it
is fit for its intended function and can be operated, cleaned (including unblocking), adjusted and
maintained during its entire lifetime. It is not applicable to the end of life of the rear loaded RCV.
This document describes and defines the safety requirements of rear loaded RCVs excluding the
interface tailgate/discharge door with the lifting device(s) and the lifting device(s) itself and excluding
loader cranes, which could be mounted on the RCV.
Lifting device(s) and the interface with the tailgate/discharge door are covered in EN 1501-5:202X.
Loader cranes are covered in EN 12999:2020+A1:2025 and those installed on RCVs are covered in
EN 1501-5:202X.
This document also applies to compactors, operated on a truck for collecting purposes.
This document is not applicable to:
— operation in severe conditions, e.g. extreme environmental conditions such as:
— below −20 °C and above +40 °C temperatures;
— tropical environment;
— wind velocity in excess of 75 km/h;
— contaminating environment;
— corrosive environment;
— operation in potentially explosive atmospheres;
— handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. hot refuses, acids and
bases, radioactive materials, contaminated refuse, especially fragile loads, explosives);
— operation on ships.
This document is not applicable to machinery which is manufactured before the date of publication of
this document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 388:2016+A1:2018, Protective gloves against mechanical risks
EN 547-1:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human body measurements — Part 1: Principles for
determining the dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery
EN 547-2:1996+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Human body measurements — Part 2: Principles for
determining the dimensions required for access openings
EN 894-1:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators
EN 894-2:1997+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 2: Displays
EN 894-3:2000+A1:2008, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and
control actuators — Part 3: Control actuators
EN 894-4:2010, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control
actuators — Part 4: Location and arrangement of displays and control actuators
EN 1501-2:202X, Refuse collection vehicles — General requirements and safety requirements — Part 2:
Side loaded refuse collection vehicles
EN 1501-4:2023, Refuse collection vehicles — General requirements and safety requirements — Part 4:
Noise test code for refuse collection vehicles
EN 1501-5:202X, Refuse collection vehicles — General requirements and safety requirements — Part 5:
Lifting devices for refuse collection vehicles
EN 60204-1:2018, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General
requirements (IEC 60204-1:2016, modified)
EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529:1989)
EN 61310-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Indication, marking and actuation — Part 1: Requirements for
visual, acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007)
EN IEC 61496-1:2020, Safety of machinery — Electro-sensitive protective equipment — Part 1: General
requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:2020)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4414:2010, Pneumatic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4414:2010)
EN ISO 5349-1:2001, Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-
transmitted vibration — Part 1: General requirements (ISO 5349-1:2001)
EN ISO 5774:2023, Plastics hoses — Textile-reinforced types for compressed-air applications —
Specification (ISO 5774:2023)
EN ISO 7731:2008, Ergonomics — Danger signals for public and work areas — Auditory danger signals
(ISO 7731:2003)
As impacted by EN 60529:1991/A1:2000, EN 60529:1991/corrigendum May 1993,
EN 60529:1991/A2:2013, EN 60529:1991/AC:2016-12 and EN 60529:1991/A2:2013/AC:2019.
EN ISO 8041-1:2017, Human response to vibration — Measuring instrumentation — Part 1: General
purpose vibration meters (ISO 8041-1:2017)
EN ISO 10326-1:2016, Mechanical vibration — Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration
— Part 1: Basic requirements (ISO 10326-1:2016, Corrected version 2017-02)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13732-1:2008, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human
responses to contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006)
EN ISO 13849-1:2023, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2023)
EN ISO 13850:2015, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop function — Principles for design
(ISO 13850:2015)
EN ISO 13854:2019, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body
(ISO 13854:2017)
EN ISO 13855:2024, Safety of machinery — Positioning of safeguards with respect to the approach of the
human body (ISO 13855:2024)
EN ISO 13857:2019, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2019)
EN ISO 14118:2018, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up (ISO 14118:2017)
EN ISO 14120:2015, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and
construction of fixed and movable guards (ISO 14120:2015)
EN ISO 18752:2022, Rubber hoses and hose assemblies — Wire- or textile-reinforced single-pressure types
for hydraulic applications — Specification (ISO 18752:2022)
IEC 60417:2025, [online database], Graphical symbols for use on equipment
ISO 2631-1:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock — Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body
vibration — Part 1: General requirements
ISO 3795:1989, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Determination
of burning behaviour of interior materials
ISO 6469-1:2019, Electrically propelled road vehicles — Safety specifications — Part 1: Rechargeable
energy storage system (RESS)
ISO 6469-3:2021, Electrically propelled road vehicles — Safety specifications — Part 3: Electrical safety
ISO 7000:2019, Graphical symbols for use on equipment — Registered symbols
As impacted by ISO 2631-1:1997/Amd 1:2010.
ISO 11237:2017, Rubber hoses and hose assemblies — Compact wire-braid-reinforced hydraulic types for
oil-based or water-based fluids — Specification
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp/
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
refuse collection vehicle
RCV
vehicle used for the collection and transportation of refuse (e.g. household refuse, bulky refuse,
recyclable materials) based on loading via refuse containers or by hand
Note 1 to entry: Most of the time it consists of a chassis or rigid chassis onto which a bodywork is mounted.
Sometimes it can also be a truck and trailer combination.
Note 2 to entry: An RCV is a special purpose vehicle according to Regulation (EU) 2018/858.
3.2
rear loaded RCV
RCV, in which refuse is loaded into the body from the rear
Note 1 to entry: In rear loaded RCVs refuse is transferred manually or mechanically from the rear rave rail into a
hopper. A compaction mechanism, if fitted, then transfers and compacts the refuse from the hopper into a body of
the rear loaded RCV. To discharge, either the body is tilted, rotated or an ejection device is used.
3.3
cab
enclosure mounted on the chassis in front of the bodywork where the operator drives and controls the
RCV and where other potential operator(s) can sit
3.4
bodywork
assembly of all components fitted on the chassis of the RCV which includes the body itself
Note 1 to entry: The bodywork also includes either a compaction mechanism, a lifting device or (a) footboard(s)
or any combination of the three.
3.5
body
part of the bodywork in which the collected refuse is transported
Note 1 to entry: It may be fixed or rotate as part of the compaction mechanism.
Note 2 to entry: To discharge the collected refuse, the body is either tilted or rotated or an ejection system is
used.
Note 3 to entry: See 3 in Figure A.1 and 1 in Figure A.2.
3.6
discharge mode
sequence of operations to empty the RCV
3.7
tailgate
rear part of the bodywork connected to the body incorporating a compaction mechanism
Note 1 to entry: It is designed to be opened to discharge the collected refuse from the body.
3.8
discharge door
part of the bodywork, connected to the body without compaction mechanism
Note 1 to entry: It is designed to be opened to discharge the collected refuse.
3.9
hopper
part of the bodywork where waste is emptied manually or charged mechanically
3.10
capacity of the hopper
volume of non-compacted refuse the hopper contains, measured in cubic metres rounded off to one
decimal place, when the compaction mechanism is in its fully retracted position
Note 1 to entry: See V in Figure D.1.
Note 2 to entry: The additional volume created by the guide flap is V3 of Figure D.1.
3.11
load opening edge
perimeter of the load opening
Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.2 and Figure B.1, Figure B.2 and Figure B.3.
3.12
rave rail
fixed bottom part of the load opening edge where the guide flap, if installed, is hinged
Note 1 to entry: If the guide flap is folded down, then the rave rail is the load opening edge.
Note 2 to entry: See Figure A.3, Figure B.1, Figure B.2 and Figure B.3.
3.13
guide flap
removable or foldable extension to the rave rail
Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.2 and Figure B.2.
3.14
manual mode
mechanism achieving either each movement or each sequence of movements by a hold-to-run
command
Note 1 to entry: A sequence means a defined set of movements.
3.15
semi-automatic mode
mechanism achieving either each movement or each sequence of movements by a manual pulse start
command
Note 1 to entry: A sequence means a defined set of movements.
3.16
automatic mode
mechanism achieving a sequence of movements by a pulse start command
Note 1 to entry: A sequence means a defined set of movements.
3.17
compaction mechanism
mechanism used to compact and/or transfer refuse from the hopper into the body
Note 1 to entry: See for example Figure A.2 and Figure A.3.
3.18
open and closed systems
distinct configurations of the compaction mechanism in relation to its accessibility for the operator
3.18.1
open system
configuration where the operator can reach the hazardous area of the compaction mechanism from the
level on which the operator is standing
Note 1 to entry: See Figure B.1 and Figure B.2 ground or footboard(s) when fitted.
3.18.2
closed system
configuration where the operator cannot reach the hazardous area of the compaction mechanism from
the level on which the operator is standing
Note 1 to entry: See Figure B.2 and Figure B.3 ground or footboard(s) when fitted.
3.19
discharge system
mechanism and movement for emptying the body
EXAMPLE Ejection plate, rotating drum, tipping system, walking floor.
3.19.1
ejection plate
means of emptying the body by moving the ejection device to the rear after opening the tailgate or the
discharge door if needed
3.19.2
rotating drum
means of emptying of the body by rotation of the drum after opening the tailgate or the discharge door
if needed
3.19.3
tipping
means of emptying of the body by tilting the body after opening the tailgate or the discharge door if
needed
3.20
designated refuse container
refuse container, compatible with the lifting device and the combination of the body, the hopper and the
compaction mechanism of the RCV
[SOURCE: EN 1501-5:202X, 3.15]
3.21
lifting device
mechanism fitted onto the RCV for loading refuse into the hopper of the body
Note 1 to entry: A refuse container lifting device is a specific lifting device.
[SOURCE: EN 1501-5:202X, 3.2]
3.22
refuse container lifting device
mechanism fitted onto an RCV for emptying designated refuse containers
Note 1 to entry: Refuse container lifting devices other than specified in EN 12999:2020+A1:2025.
[SOURCE: EN 1501-5:202X, 3.2.1]
3.23
interchangeable refuse container lifting device
refuse container lifting device designed to be capable of being fitted on different designated RCVs
provided with one standard interface
Note 1 to entry: Standard interfaces can have mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical, dimensional and
functional aspects.
[SOURCE: EN 1501-5:202X, 3.2.1.5]
3.24
interface
connections between two parts and/or systems of the RCV
3.24.1
interface with the lifting device(s)
provisions for power supply, controls and mechanical devices to ensure safe connections between the
tailgate or discharge door and its lifting device(s)
Note 1 to entry: See 8 in Figure A.1.
3.24.2
interface chassis-bodywork
provisions for power supply, controls and mechanical devices to ensure safe connections between the
bodywork and the chassis
Note 1 to entry: See 7 in Figure A.1.
3.25
danger zone
zone within and/or around machinery in which a person may be exposed to a potential risk to their
health or safety
Note 1 to entry: See Annex C.
3.26
operator
person trained to operate the RCV
3.27
working station
location where the RCV is operated during normal use
Note 1 to entry: Inspection, cleaning and maintenance are excluded.
[SOURCE: EN 1501-5:202X, 3.25]
3.28
footboard
platform situated at the rear of the rear loaded RCV on which the operator(s) can stand for riding
Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.3 and Figure B.5 to Figure B.8 and Figure B.10.
3.29
travel movement
unrestricted motorised movement of the RCV
3.30
satellite vehicle
designated refuse collection vehicle that can discharge its collected refuse directly into an RCV
3.31
mounting frame for refuse container lifting devices
framework used to fit the interchangeable or demountable refuse container lifting device on the RCV
Note 1 to entry: The mounting frame is provided as a fixed opening, a demountable frame, or a swivel hinged
frame.
[SOURCE: EN 1501-5:202X, 3.4]
3.32
transport position
designated position of the equipment during travel movement and all elements of the vehicle are in a
position as defined by the manufacturer
3.33
operation position
designated position of body, discharge door, hopper and other equipment as defined by the
manufacturer
Note 1 to entry: Other Equipment means lifting devices including clamps, arms or footboards.
3.34
interlocked guard
guard associated with an interlocking device so that, together with the control system of the machine,
the following functions are performed:
— the hazardous machine functions “covered” by the guard cannot operate until the guard is closed;
— if the guard is opened while hazardous machine functions are operating, a stop command is given;
and
— when the guard is closed, the hazardous machine functions “covered” by the guard can operate (the
closure of the guards does not by itself start the hazardous machine functions)
Note 1 to entry: EN ISO 14119:2025 gives detailed provisions.
[SOURCE: EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.27.4]
3.35
hold-to-run control device
control device which initiates and maintains machine functions only as long as the manual control
(actuator) is actuated
[SOURCE: EN ISO 12100:2010, 3.28.3]
3.36
access door
door in the bodywork for maintenance purpose
3.37
refuse container lifting device
mechanism fitted onto an RCV for emptying designated refuse containers
Note 1 to entry: Refuse container lifting devices other than specified in EN 12999:2020+A1:2025.
[SOURCE: EN 1501-5:202X, 3.2.1]
3.38
loader crane
power driven crane comprising a column, which slews about a base, and a boom system which is
attached on to the top of the column and being designed for loading the vehicle
Note 1 to entry: Loader cranes are considered as subcategories of lifting device in this standard.
EN 1501-5:202X gives additional requirements applicable to those kinds of lifting device.
[SOURCE: EN 12999:2020+A1:2025, 3.1.1.1 – Note added and definition adapted to RCVs]
oSIST prEN 1501-1
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