prEN 16451
(Main)Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder
Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder
This document defines requirements for the brake pad holders with which the heavy rail vehicles and urban rail vehicles are fitted.
This document is applicable to the brake pad holders made from ferrous materials e.g. cast iron, cast steel or forged steel.
This document is not applicable for brake pad holders made of non-ferrous materials.
Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Bremsbelaghalter
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Porte-garnitures
Železniške naprave - Zavore - Nosilec zavorne obloge
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16451:2022
01-november-2022
Železniške naprave - Zavore - Nosilec zavorne obloge
Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder
Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Bremsbelaghalter
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Porte-garnitures
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16451
ICS:
45.040 Materiali in deli za železniško Materials and components
tehniko for railway engineering
oSIST prEN 16451:2022 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 16451:2022
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 16451
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2022
ICS 45.040 Will supersede EN 16451:2015
English Version
Railway applications - Braking - Brake pad holder
Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Porte-garnitures Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Bremsbelaghalter
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 256.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16451:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 16451:2022
prEN 16451:2022 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 7
5 Design and manufacture . 8
5.1 Latch mechanism . 8
5.2 Interchangeability by applying same main dimensions and geometry . 8
5.2.1 General. 8
5.2.2 Interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit . 8
5.2.3 Interchangeability for “compact” brake unit . 8
5.2.4 Dimensional conformity . 8
5.3 Material . 8
5.4 Environmental conditions . 9
5.4.1 Ambient temperature. 9
5.4.2 Other environmental conditions . 9
5.5 Loading in the direction of force application . 10
5.6 Loading in the direction of the braking moment (tangential force) . 10
5.7 Vibrations and shocks . 10
5.7.1 New designs . 10
5.7.2 Existing designs . 10
6 Type test methods . 11
6.1 Sampling for type test . 11
6.2 Test requirements . 11
6.3 Test procedure . 11
6.3.1 Interchangeability by applying same main dimensions and geometry . 11
6.3.2 Material . 11
6.3.3 Salt spray test . 12
6.3.4 Loading in the direction of force application . 12
6.3.5 Loading in the direction of the braking moment (tangential force) . 14
6.3.6 Vibrations and shocks . 15
7 In-service assessment . 18
8 Designation . 18
9 Identification and marking . 18
Annex A (informative) Interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit . 19
Annex B (informative) Interchangeability for “compact” brake unit . 22
Annex C (informative) Device with mechanical coding . 23
Annex D (informative) In-service assessment . 24
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D.1 General . 24
D.2 Test set-up and sampling . 24
D.3 Procedure . 24
D.4 Pass/fail criteria . 24
Bibliography . 25
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European foreword
This document (prEN 16451:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway
applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 16451:2015.
In comparison with the previous edition, the following technical modifications have been made:
— update of normative and informative references;
— modification of requirements on latch mechanism;
— modification of requirements on loading in the direction of force application and in the direction of
the braking moment;
— modifications to Annex A and Annex B;
— informative Annex D “Geometry of standard brake pads” has been deleted and references to
EN 15328 have been added.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association.
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Introduction
This document gives the requirements to be met for the design, dimensioning, testing and quality
assessment of brake pad holders. These requirements cannot be written in sufficient detail to ensure
good workmanship or proper construction. Each manufacturer is therefore responsible for taking every
necessary step to make sure, that the quality of workmanship and construction is such as to ensure
accordance with good engineering practice.
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1 Scope
The requirements contained in this document apply to the brake pad holders with which the rail vehicles
of main-line railways, regional and suburban railways are fitted. Brake pad holders pursuant to this
document are to be made from ferrous materials e.g. cast iron, cast steel or forged steel. Brake pad holders
made of non-ferrous materials are not subject of this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 18203:2022, Steel - Determination of the thickness of surface-hardened layers (ISO 18203:2016)
EN 14478:2017, Railway applications - Braking - Generic vocabulary
EN 15328:2020, Railway applications — Braking — Brake pads
EN 50125-1:2014, Railway applications - Environmental conditions for equipment - Part 1: Rolling stock
and on-board equipment
EN 60068-2-6:2008, Environmental testing - Part 2-6: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) (IEC 60068-2-
6:2007)
EN 60068-2-47:2005, Environmental testing - Part 2-47: Tests - Mounting of specimens for vibration,
impact and similar dynamic tests (IEC 60068-2-47:2005)
EN 60721-3-5:1997, Classification of environmental conditions - Part 3: Classification of groups of
environmental parameters and their severities - Section 5: Ground vehicle installations (IEC 60721-3-
5:1997)
EN 61373:2010, Railway applications - Rolling stock equipment - Shock and vibration tests (IEC
61373:2010)
EN ISO 6506-1:2014, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2014)
EN ISO 6507-1:2018, Metallic materials - Vickers hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6507-1:2018)
EN ISO 6508-1:2016, Metallic materials - Rockwell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6508-1:2016)
EN ISO 6892-1:2019, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO
6892-1:2019)
EN ISO 9227:2017, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres - Salt spray tests (ISO 9227:2017)
EN ISO 14284:2002, Steel and iron - Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical
composition (ISO 14284:1996)
EN ISO 148-1:2016, Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-
1:2016)
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given EN 14478:2017 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
compact disc brake unit
disc brake unit, generally with reduced envelope and weight with a single interface to the bogie
3.2
operational mounting condition
normal and nominal conditions of assembly on a vehicle
3.3
referenced technical drawings
drawings used for definition of brake pad holder
4 Symbols and abbreviations
A % Percentage elongation after fracture (as specified by EN ISO 6892-1:2019)
F Force
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g Gravity acceleration 9,81 m/s
KV Absorbed energy for a V-notch test piece (as specified by EN ISO 148-1:2016)
KU Absorbed energy for a U-notch test piece (as specified by EN ISO 148-1:2016)
SL1 and SL2 Classes of loading
T1 and TX Classes of temperature (as specified by EN 50125-1:2014)
VL and VH Classes of vibration
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5 Design and manufacture
5.1 Latch mechanism
The design of the latch mechanism to retain the brake pads shall satisfy the following principles:
— there shall be a positive retention (generation of strain to obtain unlocking) of the latch when in the
closed position;
— the brake pad holder and its latch mechanism shall be designed to withstand railway-typical
conditions. A secondary retention of the latch mechanism may be installed optionally, which is
recommended;
— ease of operation – no special tools to open and close the latch mechanism. Preferably designed to
allow use of simple flat bladed screw driver;
— during pad renewal the latch mechanism should remain attached to the brake pad holder;
— renewal of a defective latch mechanism should not require the dismantling of the brake pad holder
from the brake unit.
5.2 Interchangeability by applying same main dimensions and geometry
5.2.1 General
Brake pad holders can be designed based on different concepts. The requirements specially for
interchangeability are defined below.
5.2.2 Interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit
The requirements for the dimensions for geometric interchangeability for “conventional” brake unit are
given in Annex A. These dimensions are compatible with brake pads defined in EN 15328:2020, Annex F.
If required a device with mechanical coding should be used. Annex C indicates an example for application.
5.2.3 Interchangeability for “compact” brake unit
The recommendations for the dimensions for geometric interchangeability for “compact” brake unit are
given in Annex B. These dimensions are compatible with brake pads defined in EN 15328:2020, Annex F.
If required a device with mechanical coding should be used. Annex C indicates an example for application.
5.2.4 Dimensional conformity
The dimensional requirements are defined in referenced technical drawings. The conformity assessment
of the dimensions of the brake pad holder is verified in accordance with 6.3.1.
5.3 Material
As specified in the scope, this document applies only to the brake pad holders in “ferrous material” e.g.
cast iron or steel, manufactured by a forging or casting process. The material used for the design of the
brake pad holder shall conform to the technical requirements defined in this document.
The conformity assessment of the brake pad holder material, with referenced technical drawings, shall
be verified in accordance with 6.3.2.
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5.4 Environmental conditions
5.4.1 Ambient temperature
The brake pad holder shall be able to operate within the temperature classes T1 and TX as specified by
EN 50125-1:2014, where the upper limit for TX is +70 °C external air temperature.
5.4.2 Other environmental conditions
5.4.2.1 General
The following environmental conditions shall be considered in the design of the brake pad holder.
If not specifically required to be tested as part of the type testing requirements in this standard, suitable
tests and/or design assessments considering the effect of the following environmental conditions on the
brake pad holder shall be used in the development/design proving of the device, prior to type testing.
5.4.2.2 Humidity
The following external humidity levels shall be considered:
— yearly average: ≤ 75 % relative humidity;
— on 30 days in the year continuously: between 75 % and 95 % relative humidity;
— on the other days occasionally: between 95 % and 100 % relative humidity;
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— maximum absolute humidity: 30 g/m occurring in tunnels.
5.4.2.3 Rain
Rain rate of 6 mm/min shall be taken into account. The effect of rain shall be considered depending on
the possible equipment installation together with wind and vehicle movement.
5.4.2.4 Snow, ice and hail
Consideration shall be given to the effect of all kinds of snow, ice and hail. The maximum diameter of
hailstones shall be taken as 15 mm, larger diameter can occur exceptionally. The effect of snow, ice and
hail shall be considered depending on the equipment installation together with wind and vehicle
movement.
5.4.2.5 Solar radiation
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Equipment design shall allow for direct exposure to solar radiation at the rate of 1 120 W/m for a
maximum duration of 8 h.
5.4.2.6 Resistance to pollution
The effects of pollution shall be considered in the design of equipment and components. Means may be
provided to reduce pollution by the effective use of protection of the device. The severity of pollution can
depend upon the location of the equipment, therefore the effects of the kinds of pollution indicated in
Table 1 shall be considered as a minimum.
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Table 1 — Pollution
Pollution Class
...
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