EN 12127:1997
(Main)Textiles - Fabrics - Determination of mass per unit area using small samples
Textiles - Fabrics - Determination of mass per unit area using small samples
This standard describes methods for the determination of the mass per unit area using small samples in the standard atmosphere for testing and/or oven-dry. It is applicable to woven and knitted fabrics. It may also be applicable to fabrics produced by other techniques.
Textilien - Textile Flächengebilde - Bestimmung der flächenbezogenen Masse unter Verwendung kleiner Proben
Diese Europäische Norm legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der flächenbezogenen Masse unter Verwendung kleiner Proben im Normalprüfklima und/oder im ofenstrockenen Zustand fest. Sie ist auf Geweben und Gewirke anwendbar. Sie darf auch auf textile Flächengebilde angewendet werden, die mit anderen Verfahren hergestellt wurden.
Textiles - Etoffes - Détermination de la masse surfacique sur de petits échantillons
La présente norme décrit des méthodes de détermination de la masse surfacique de petits échantillons conditionnés dans l'atmosphère normalisée pour essais et/ou séchés à l'étuve. Elle s'applique aux étoffes tissées et tricotées. Elle peut également être appliquée aux étoffes produites par d'autres techniques.
Tekstilije - Ploskovne tekstilije - Ugotavljanje ploščinske mase majhnih preskušancev
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 21-Oct-1997
- Withdrawal Date
- 29-Apr-1998
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 248 - Textiles and textile products
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 248/SC 2 - Physical properties
- Current Stage
- 9093 - Decision to confirm - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 23-Apr-2024
- Completion Date
- 14-Apr-2025
Overview
EN 12127:1997 (CEN) specifies methods for the determination of the mass per unit area of textile fabrics using small samples. The standard covers testing in the standard atmosphere for testing and by oven-dry procedures. It is applicable primarily to woven and knitted fabrics and may be used for fabrics produced by other techniques. Typical results are reported as mass per unit area (grammage, g/m²).
Key topics and requirements
- Scope and applicability: Methods suitable for woven and knitted textiles; possible use for other fabric types.
- Conditioning: Procedures for testing in a defined standard atmosphere to ensure comparable results across laboratories.
- Oven-dry method: Alternative procedure to determine dry mass when required.
- Small-sample handling: Guidance on sampling small specimens and preparation to avoid bias from selvedges, seams or non-representative areas.
- Weighing and measurement: Use of appropriately calibrated balances and procedures to minimize error when determining sample mass.
- Calculation and reporting: Determination and expression of mass per unit area (commonly in g/m²), including how to account for sample size in the calculation.
- Precision and reproducibility: Emphasis on repeatable technique and environmental control to ensure reliable inter-laboratory comparisons.
- Documentation: Requirements for recording test conditions, method used (standard atmosphere or oven-dry), sample identification and results.
Applications
EN 12127 is used widely in textile testing, quality control and product specification:
- Manufacturers use it to verify fabric consistency and to control production processes.
- Laboratories (QA/QC and third-party testing) apply the methods to generate certified test reports.
- Product designers and R&D teams rely on accurate mass per unit area data for material selection and performance modeling.
- Procurement and specification writers include mass-per-area values in product specifications, tender documents and compliance requirements.
- Regulators and certification bodies use standardized results for labeling, classification and conformity assessment.
Related standards
- Standards dealing with textile conditioning, thickness, tensile strength, and dimensional change are commonly used alongside EN 12127 to provide a full characterization of fabric properties.
- EN 12127 is part of a suite of CEN textile test methods and is frequently referenced in product specifications and testing protocols.
Keywords: EN 12127, mass per unit area, grammage, textiles, fabrics, small samples, standard atmosphere, oven-dry, woven, knitted, CEN.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 12127:1997 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Textiles - Fabrics - Determination of mass per unit area using small samples". This standard covers: This standard describes methods for the determination of the mass per unit area using small samples in the standard atmosphere for testing and/or oven-dry. It is applicable to woven and knitted fabrics. It may also be applicable to fabrics produced by other techniques.
This standard describes methods for the determination of the mass per unit area using small samples in the standard atmosphere for testing and/or oven-dry. It is applicable to woven and knitted fabrics. It may also be applicable to fabrics produced by other techniques.
EN 12127:1997 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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The standard EN 12127:1997 provides a comprehensive framework for the determination of mass per unit area in textiles, specifically focusing on woven and knitted fabrics. The scope of this standard extends to the evaluation of mass using small samples, making it particularly relevant for manufacturers and quality control laboratories seeking precise measurements without the need for larger fabric swatches. One of the strengths of this standard is its applicability to various fabric types and production techniques, which enhances its versatility in the textile industry. The methods outlined ensure accurate testing in a controlled environment, maintaining consistency through the use of the standard atmosphere for testing and the oven-dry condition. This level of detail is critical for achieving reliable results, further bolstering the standard's credibility. Moreover, the emphasis on small samples caters to the practical needs of textile assessment, allowing for efficient use of resources while ensuring that the measurements reflect the characteristics of the fabric accurately. This makes EN 12127:1997 an essential reference for stakeholders in textile manufacturing, quality assurance, and research. In summary, EN 12127:1997 stands out for its clear methodology, adaptability to various fabric types, and emphasis on small sample testing, solidifying its importance in the textile industry's quality assessment landscape.
La norme EN 12127:1997, intitulée "Textiles - Tissus - Détermination de la masse par unité de surface à l'aide de petits échantillons", fournit un cadre essentiel pour l'évaluation de la densité des tissus. Son champ d'application est clairement défini, se concentrant sur des méthodes précises pour déterminer la masse par unité de surface, que ce soit dans des conditions atmosphériques standard ou par séchage au four. Cette précision est cruciale pour les acteurs de l'industrie textile, car elle garantit la cohérence et la qualité des produits. Un des principaux atouts de la norme réside dans sa capacité à s'appliquer non seulement aux tissus tissés et tricotés, mais également à d'autres types de matériaux textiles. Cela élargit son utilisation et en fait une référence incontournable pour les fabricants qui exploitent diverses techniques de production. En intégrant cette norme, les entreprises peuvent s'assurer que leurs méthodes d'évaluation de la masse sont alignées sur des standards reconnus, renforçant ainsi la fiabilité de leurs produits. La norme EN 12127:1997 est particulièrement pertinente dans le contexte actuel de l'industrie textile, où la qualité et les performances des matériaux sont constamment évaluées. La standardisation des méthodes de mesure de la masse per unit area à l'aide de petits échantillons permet de réduire les variations dans les résultats, assurant une uniformité qui est essentielle pour les contrôles qualité et la conformité aux exigences du marché. En somme, cette norme incarne un outil vital pour quiconque cherche à maintenir des standards élevés dans la production textile.
SIST EN 12127:1999は、テキスタイル分野における重要な標準文書であり、織物および編物の面積当たりの質量を小さなサンプルを用いて測定するための方法を詳細に示しています。この標準は、特に標準的な試験環境下での評価を目的としており、オーブン乾燥による方法に関しても適用されます。 この標準の強みは、さまざまな試験手法を提供している点です。具体的には、異なる生地の製造技術に応じて、適切な評価方法を選択することが可能です。この柔軟性により、使用するテキスタイルの種類に応じて、最高の結果を得ることができます。また、小さなサンプルを利用することで、原材料や製品の生産プロセスにおけるトレーサビリティの向上にも寄与します。 SIST EN 12127:1999は、テキスタイル業界において生地の特性評価の基準を確立するための重要なツールであり、その適用範囲は広いです。この標準は、品質管理や研究開発において、精度の高いデータを提供し、業界での信頼性を高めるために不可欠です。さらに、織物や編物だけでなく、その他の技術で製造された生地にも適用が可能であるため、さまざまな製品に対しても利用できる点が、業界のニーズに応える助けとなるでしょう。 このように、SIST EN 12127:1999は、テキスタイル業界における標準化の重要性を体現しており、質量測定の信頼性と公平性を確保するための重要な文献となっています。
SIST EN 12127:1999 표준은 섬유 및 직물 산업에서 중요한 역할을 하는 단위 면적당 질량 측정 방법을 규정하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 소량의 샘플을 사용하여 일반 대기에서 또는 오븐에서 건조한 상태로 질량을 결정하는 절차를 상세히 설명하고 있어, 다양한 유형의 직물, 특히 직조 및 니트 패브릭에 적용됩니다. 이 표준의 가장 큰 강점 중 하나는 다양한 종류의 직물에 적용 가능하다는 점입니다. 이는 제조사와 검사자에게 유연성을 제공하며, 다양한 직물의 품질 관리를 위한 신뢰할 수 있는 테스트 방법을 확보할 수 있게 합니다. 또한, 표준화된 절차를 통해 다수의 샘플을 비교하는 과정에서의 일관성을 유지할 수 있습니다. EN 12127:1997 표준은 특히 품질 보증 및 제품 개발에 있어 핵심적입니다. 직물의 물리적 특성을 정확히 측정함으로써 제조 과정에서의 오차를 줄이고, 최종 소비자에게 보다 우수한 제품을 제공할 수 있도록 합니다. 이는 고객 만족도를 높이고, 시장 경쟁력을 강화하는 데 기여합니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 12127:1999 표준은 섬유 및 직물 산업에서의 질량 측정 과정을 표준화하여, 품질과 일관성을 확보하는 데 있어 독창적이고 필수적인 규범이라 할 수 있습니다.
Die Norm EN 12127:1997 bietet eine präzise Methodik zur Bestimmung der Massedichte von Textilien, insbesondere von gewebten und gestrickten Stoffen, unter Verwendung kleiner Proben. Der Anwendungsbereich dieser Norm ist von erheblicher Relevanz, da sie es Fachleuten ermöglicht, verlässliche und konsistente Ergebnisse in standardisierten Testumgebungen zu erzielen. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil der Norm liegt in ihrer Flexibilität: Die Methoden sind nicht nur auf gewebte und gestrickte Stoffe beschränkt, sondern können auch auf Textilien aus anderen Produktionsverfahren angewendet werden. Dies erweitert die Anwendbarkeit der Norm in verschiedenen Bereichen der Textilindustrie und fördert eine breitere Akzeptanz in der Praxis. Die Bestimmung der Massedichte in standardisierter Atmosphäre sowie unter ofentrockenen Bedingungen stellt sicher, dass die Ergebnisse unter kontrollierten und reproduzierbaren Bedingungen erzielt werden. Dies ist ein entscheidender Faktor für die Qualitätssicherung und die Einhaltung von Branchenstandards. Dank der klaren und detaillierten Anweisungen innerhalb der Norm können Anwender effektive Prüfmethoden implementieren, um die Eigenschaften ihrer Produkte genau zu bewerten. Dies verbessert nicht nur die Produkteigenschaften, sondern auch die wettbewerbsfähige Position der Unternehmen auf dem Markt. Insgesamt verstärkt die Norm EN 12127:1997 das Vertrauen in die Qualität von Textilien und unterstützt Hersteller dabei, hochwertige Produkte anzubieten, die den Erwartungen der Verbraucher gerecht werden. Die Relevanz dieser Norm erstreckt sich somit weit über reine technische Anforderungen hinaus, da sie einen positiven Einfluss auf die gesamte Wertschöpfungskette der Textilindustrie hat.
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