CEN/TR 15350:2006

Mechanical vibration - Guideline for the assessment of exposure to hand-transmitted vibration using available information including that provided by manufacturers of machinery

This Technical Report provides information on how to assess the vibration exposure from hand-held power tools and hand-guided machines. The methods described use existing vibration emission values declared for the machine of interest or information coming from other sources. It should be noted that vibration usually varies a lot over time, with different workstations and different operators. It is therefore not possible to get precise exposure figures from limited investigations. But also the declared values need to be used with great care since they are measured for a limited number of defined work situations. The actual work situation for a specific operator, however, may be very different thus creating different vibration. On the other hand values from real work that can be found in literature are only correct for the specific work situation and time when they were measured. The user of this Technical Report should be aware that the exposure to vibration does not only depend on the machine used but also to a large extent on things like quality of inserted tools, the work situation and operator behaviour. These factors need to be taken into account to make an ideal assessment of vibration exposure.
The daily vibration exposure to be assessed depends on both the average magnitude of vibration at the surface in contact with the hand and the total daily duration for which an employee is in contact with that vibration.
As there is a big difference between a rough estimation of the daily vibration exposure to identify workers at risk and the definition of the state of the art regarding machine vibration emission, vibration total values calculated by applying correction factors are not suitable to determine the state of the art for machine categories. To define the state of the art a high level of accuracy is needed, meaning that this can only be obtained by measurements in all three axes.

Mechanische Schwingungen - Anleitung zur Beurteilung der Belastung durch Hand-Arm-Schwingungen aus Angaben zu den benutzten Maschinen einschließlich Angaben von den Maschinenherstellern

Dieser Fachbericht enthält eine Anleitung zur Abschätzung, Beurteilung und Dokumentation der durch den Einsatz von handgehaltenen und handgeführten Maschinen verursachten Tages-Schwingungsbelastung entsprechend den Anforderungen der europäischen Richtlinie über physikalische Einwirkungen (Vibrationen) 2002/44/EG. Dieser Fachbericht richtet sich an diejenigen fachlichen Stellen, die die Schwingungsbelastung am Arbeitsplatz beurteilen, sowie an Behörden und Organisationen der Arbeitswelt. Er stellt eine Hilfe bei der Erstellung einer Dokumentation über bestimmte Maschinen oder Arbeitssituationen dar und kann auch für Arbeitgeber von Nutzen sein.
Die Vorgehensweise entspricht EN ISO 5349-1 und EN ISO 5349-2, doch anstelle die Schwingungen an den jeweiligen Arbeitsplätzen zu messen, verwenden die Verfahren in diesem Fachbericht Schwingungswerte aus anderen Informationsquellen, zu denen auch die Angaben des Maschinenherstellers entsprechend der Maschinenrichtlinie 98/37/EG zählen. Dabei ist es wesentlich, dass die bei der Beurteilung der Schwingungsbelastung verwendeten Werte für diejenigen bei dem betrachteten Gebrauch der Maschine repräsentativ sind. Messungen am Arbeitsplatz sind jedoch erforderlich, wenn keine Werte zur Verfügung stehen, die die Schwingungen unter den betrachteten Arbeitsbedingungen geeignet repräsentieren, oder wenn die Ergebnisse der Berechnungen zu keiner Entscheidung führen, ob der Grenzwert oder der Auslösewert möglicherweise überschritten ist.
Dieser Fachbericht enthält eine Anleitung, wie sich die Einwirkungsdauer und die Tages-Schwingungsbelastung A(8), wie in EN ISO 5349-1 definiert, abschätzen lassen. Er enthält darüber hinaus ein vereinfachtes Verfahren zur Abschätzung der Tages-Schwingungsbelastung mit Hilfe einer Tabelle, die die Schwingungsbelastung in Abhängigkeit vom äquivalenten Schwingungsgesamtwert und von der zugehörigen Einwirkungsdauer angibt.

Vibrations mécaniques - Guide pour l'évaluation de l'exposition aux vibrations transmises à la main à partir de l'information disponible, y compris l'information fournie par les fabricants de machines

Le présent Rapport technique fournit des principes directeurs pour déterminer, évaluer et documenter l’exposition quotidienne aux vibrations liée à l’utilisation de machines tenues ou guidées à la main, conformément aux exigences de la directive européenne relative aux agents physiques 2002/44/CE et en particulier aux vibrations. Ce Rapport technique est destiné aux services compétents chargés d’évaluer l’exposition aux vibrations sur le lieu de travail, aux autorités et organisations industrielles nationales. Il permettra d’établir une documentation pour des machines ou situations de travail spécifiques et peut également être utile aux employeurs.
Le présent Rapport technique suit la méthode décrite dans l’EN ISO 5349-1 et l’EN ISO 5349-2 mais, au lieu de mesurer les amplitudes de vibration à des postes de travail spécifiques, les méthodes décrites dans ce Rapport technique utilisent les valeurs de vibration existantes provenant d’autres sources d’information et en particulier celles fournies par les fabricants de machines, conformément aux exigences de la directive 98/37/CE relative aux machines. Il est important que les valeurs de vibration utilisées pour évaluer l’exposition soient représentatives de celles générées lors de l’utilisation spécifique de la machine. Toutefois, les mesures réalisées sur le lieu de travail sont requises dans le cas où aucune donnée valable n’est disponible pour représenter la vibration dans les conditions de travail spécifiques ou lorsque les résultats obtenus par le calcul ne permettent pas de déterminer si la valeur limite d’exposition aux vibrations ou la valeur d'exposition déclenchant l'action sont susceptibles d’être dépassées.
Le présent Rapport technique fournit des recommandations sur la méthode à utiliser pour évaluer la durée d’exposition et l’exposition quotidienne aux vibrations A(8) conformément à l'EN ISO 5349-1.

Mehanske vibracije - Smernice za ocenjevanje izpostavljenosti vibracijam preko rok z uporabo podatkov o stroju, vključno s podatki proizvajalca

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 09-May-2006
• Withdrawal Date: 06-Aug-2013
• ICS: 13.160 - Vibration and shock with respect to human beings
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 231 - Mechanical vibration and shock
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 231/WG 2 - Hand-arm vibration
• Current Stage: 9960 - Withdrawal effective - Withdrawal
• Start Date: 07-Aug-2013
• Completion Date: 07-Aug-2013
• Ref Project: SIST-TP CEN/TR 15350:2007 - Mechanical vibration - Guideline for the assessment of exposure to hand-transmitted vibration using available information including that provided by manufacturers of machinery

Relations

• Replaced By: CEN/TR 15350:2013 - Mechanical vibration - Guideline for the assessment of exposure to hand-transmitted vibration using available information including that provided by manufacturers of machinery
• Effective Date: 14-Aug-2013

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-2007
0HKDQVNHYLEUDFLMH6PHUQLFH]DRFHQMHYDQMHL]SRVWDYOMHQRVWLYLEUDFLMDPSUHNR
URN]XSRUDERSRGDWNRYRVWURMXYNOMXþQRVSRGDWNLSURL]YDMDOFD
Mechanical vibration - Guideline for the assessment of exposure to hand-transmitted
vibration using available information including that provided by manufacturers of
machinery
Mechanische Schwingungen - Anleitung zur Beurteilung der Belastung durch Hand-Arm-
Schwingungen aus Angaben zu den benutzten Maschinen einschließlich Angaben von
den Maschinenherstellern
Vibrations mécaniques - Guide pour l'évaluation de l'exposition aux vibrations transmises
a la main a partir de l'information disponible, y compris l'information fournie par les
fabricants de machines
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TR 15350:2006
ICS:
13.160 Vpliv vibracij in udarcev na Vibration and shock with
ljudi respect to human beings
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

TECHNICAL REPORT
CEN/TR 15350
RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHER BERICHT
May 2006
ICS 13.160
English Version
Mechanical vibration - Guideline for the assessment of exposure
to hand-transmitted vibration using available information
including that provided by manufacturers of machinery
Vibrations mécaniques - Guide pour l'évaluation de Mechanische Schwingungen - Anleitung zur Beurteilung der
l'exposition aux vibrations transmises à la main à partir de Belastung durch Hand-Arm-Schwingungen aus Angaben zu
l'information disponible, y compris l'information fournie par den benutzten Maschinen einschließlich Angaben von den
les fabricants de machines Maschinenherstellern
This Technical Report was approved by CEN on 6 January 2006. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 231.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TR 15350:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Estimation of the vibration magnitude .7
5 Estimation of the daily exposure duration.12
6 Consideration of uncertainties.12
7 Estimation and assessment of the vibration exposure .12
8 Documentation.17
Annex A (informative) Guidance on the information which users could expect from machinery
manufacturers and suppliers .18
Annex B (informative) Principle of the procedure for the estimation of the daily vibration
exposure using manufacturers' declared emission values .20
Annex C (informative) Use of manufacturer’s declared values or other values measured
according to current vibration test codes.21
Annex D (informative) Estimation of the daily vibration exposure for machines with internal
combustion engine.23
Annex E (informative) Estimation of the daily vibration exposure for electric machines .28
Annex F (informative) Estimation of the daily vibration exposure for pneumatic machines .34
Bibliography .39

Foreword
This Technical Report (CEN/TR 15350:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 231
“Mechanical vibration and shock”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.

Introduction
This Technical Report provides information on how to assess the vibration exposure from hand-held power
tools and hand-guided machines. The methods described use existing vibration emission values declared for
the machine of interest or information coming from other sources. It should be noted that vibration usually
varies a lot over time, with different workstations and different operators. It is therefore not possible to get
precise exposure figures from limited investigations. But also the declared values need to be used with great
care since they are measured for a limited number of defined work situations. The actual work situation for a
specific operator, however, may be very different thus creating different vibration. On the other hand values
from real work that can be found in literature are only correct for the specific work situation and time when
they were measured. The user of this Technical Report should be aware that the exposure to vibration does
not only depend on the machine used but also to a large extent on things like quality of inserted tools, the
work situation and operator behaviour. These factors need to be taken into account to make an ideal
assessment of vibration exposure.
The daily vibration exposure to be assessed depends on both the average magnitude of vibration at the
surface in contact with the hand and the total daily duration for which an employee is in contact with that
vibration.
As there is a big difference between a rough estimation of the daily vibration exposure to identify workers at
risk and the definition of the state of the art regarding machine vibration emission, vibration total values
calculated by applying correction factors are not suitable to determine the state of the art for machine
categories. To define the state of the art a high level of accuracy is needed, meaning that this can only be
obtained by measurements in all three axes.
1 Scope
This Technical Report gives guidelines for estimating, assessing and documenting the daily vibration
exposure due to the use of hand-held power tools and hand-guided machines, according to the requirements
of the European Physical Agents Directive (vibration) 2002/44/EC. This Technical Report is addressed to
competent services for the assessment of vibration exposure at the workplace and to national authorities and
industrial organizations. It helps to establish documentation for specific machinery or work situations and can
also be useful for employers.
It follows the method of EN ISO 5349-1 and EN ISO 5349-2 but instead of measuring the vibration magnitudes
at the specific workplaces, the methods in this Technical Report use existing vibration values from other
sources of information including those provided by the manufacturers of the machinery according to the
requirements of the Machinery Directive 98/37/EC. It is important that the vibration values used in the
exposure assessment are representative of those in the specific use of the machinery. Workplace
measurements, however, are required if suitable data are not available to represent the vibration under the
specific working conditions or if the calculation results do not help to decide whether or not the vibration
exposure limit value or exposure action value is likely to be exceeded.
This Technical Report gives guidance on how to estimate the exposure duration and the daily vibration
exposure A(8) as defined in EN ISO 5349-1. It also offers a simple method for estimating the daily vibration
exposure by means of a table which indicates the vibration exposure as a function of the equivalent vibration
total value and the associated exposure duration. Both methods can be used even in cases of multiple
exposures on the same day.
Annex A gives guidance for manufacturers and suppliers of machinery concerning information that warns of
risks from vibration, which should be reported to the customer.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this Technical Report. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 5349-1, Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-transmitted
vibration — Part 1: General requirements (ISO 5349-1:2001)
EN ISO 5349-2:2001, Mechanical vibration — Measurement and evaluation of human exposure to hand-
transmitted vibration — Part 2: Practical guidance for measurement at the workplace (ISO 5349-2:2001)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Report, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 5349-2:2001 and the
following apply.
3.1
user time
daily duration of the work involving the use of the machinery, i.e. including the interruptions required by the
work and the break periods directly related to the use
NOTE This is more likely to be reported by the operator than the exposure duration (see 3.2).
3.2
exposure duration
T
total duration the hand is in direct contact with the vibrating surface (handle, work piece, etc.)
NOTE The exposure duration is often confused with the user time when estimating the daily exposure duration T
(see Example in 7.2.2).
EXAMPLE The user time for mounting wheels on five automobiles is estimated by the operator at 1 h per day; but
the exposure duration is just 5 cars x 4 lug nuts x 4 wheels x 2 loosening/tightening actions x 4 s which yields T = 0,18 h.
The exposure proportion (see 3.3) is only 18 %.
3.3
exposure proportion
exposure duration expressed as percentage of the user time
NOTE The exposure proportion varies depending on the machinery and its use. It can be determined in time studies.
Some indication is given in D.2.
3.4
equivalent vibration total value
a
hv,eq
time-averaged sum of the vibration total values of the various machinery operating modes, a , during their
hvi
associated exposure durations T :
i
m
a = a T (1)
hv,eq ∑ hvi i
T
i =1
NOTE For the vibration total value a , see EN ISO 5349-1. The total exposure duration T for a machine is the sum of
hv
all m individual exposure durations T within the entire work cycle considered (see Table D.1 and Example in 7.2.2). If
i
there is one operating mode only, then a = a .
hv,eq hv
3.5
partial vibration exposure points
P
E
index describing the vibration exposure from a single machine or work task during the associated exposure
duration:
 
a
hv,eq T
 
P = ×100 (2)
E
 2
8 h
2,5 m/s
 
with the equivalent vibration total value a and the associated exposure duration T
hv,eq
NOTE Vibration exposure points are a simple alternative to the A(8) value for describing a person's partial or total
daily vibration exposure. The relationship is:
2,5 m/s
A(8)= P (3)
E
This relationship is plotted in Figure 1.
3.6
total vibration exposure points
P
E tot
sum of the partial vibration exposure points P within one day:
E
n
P = P (4)
Etot ∑ Ei
i=1
with n being the number of partial vibration exposures considered
NOTE A score of 100 points for the total vibration exposure in a day is equal to the exposure action value of A(8) =
2 2
2,5 m/s and a score of 400 points is equal to the exposure limit value of A(8) = 5 m/s (see Note in 3.5 and Figure 1).
Key
P vibration exposure points
E
A(8) daily vibration exposure in m/s
Figure 1 — Relationship between the vibration exposure points P and
E
the daily vibration exposure A(8)
4 Estimation of the vibration magnitude
4.1 General
The vibration magnitude is expressed as a frequency-weighted root-mean-square acceleration value in metres
per second squared (m/s ) as defined in EN ISO 5349-1.
The vibration magnitude for a particular machine can be highly variable. For example, operators, different
operating conditions and different inserted tools all influence the actual magnitude. The magnitude also often
varies over time. It is usually difficult or impossible to obtain a precise value or narrow value range, so an
indication of the average value is all that can be expected. For exposure estimation, it is usually necessary to
take into account the fact that values are obtained within a range of uncertainty (see Clause 6).
4.2 Sources of information
Vibration magnitudes may be measured at the workplace by the employer, or on his behalf. However, this can
be expensive and difficult and it is not always necessary. An important source of information is the
manufacturer or supplier of the machinery. Annex A lists the information employers can expect from
manufacturers and suppliers to help them identify and manage vibration risks. In most cases at present,
especially for older machines, only the declared value in accordance with essential requirement 2.2 o
...