EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023

Additive manufacturing of polymers - Qualification principles - Part 1: General principles and preparation of test specimens for PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)

This document specifies the general principles to be followed when test specimens of thermoplastic materials are prepared by laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/P), which is commonly known as laser sintering. The (PBF-LB/P) process is used to prepare test specimens layer upon layer in which thermal energy selectively fuses regions of a powder bed. This document provides a basis for establishing reproducible and reportable sintering conditions. Its purpose is to promote uniformity in describing the main process parameters, build orientation of the sintering process and also to establish uniform practice in reporting sintering conditions.
This document does not specify the test procedure itself.

Additive Fertigung von Polymeren - Qualifizierungsgrundsätze - Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundsätze und Herstellung von Probekörpern für laserbasierte Pulverbettfusion (PBF-LB) (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)

Dieses Dokument legt die allgemeinen Grundsätze fest, die befolgt werden müssen, wenn Probekörper thermoplastischer Werkstoffe durch laserbasierte Pulverbettfusion (PBF LB/P), allgemein bekannt als Laser-Sintern, vorbereitet werden. Das (PBF LB/P)-Verfahren wird zur schichtweisen Herstellung von Probekörpern Schicht auf Schicht verwendet, wobei Regionen eines Pulverbetts durch thermische Energie selektiv verschmolzen werden. Dieses Dokument liefert die Grundlage für die Etablierung reproduzierbarer und berichtbarer Sinterbedingungen. Sein Zweck besteht darin, die Einheitlichkeit der Beschreibung der Hauptprozessparameter, Bauteilausrichtung des Sinterverfahrens zu unterstützen und auch eine einheitliche Praxis bei der Berichterstattung zu Sinterbedingungen zu etablieren.
Dieses Dokument legt nicht das Prüfverfahren selbst fest.
Dieses Dokument legt die allgemeinen Grundsätze fest, die befolgt werden müssen, wenn Probekörper thermoplastischer Werkstoffe durch laserbasierte Pulverbettfusion (PBF LB/P), allgemein bekannt als Laser-Sintern, vorbereitet werden. Das (PBF LB/P)-Verfahren wird zur schichtweisen Herstellung von Probekörpern Schicht auf Schicht verwendet, wobei Regionen eines Pulverbetts durch thermische Energie selektiv verschmolzen werden. Dieses Dokument liefert die Grundlage für die Etablierung reproduzierbarer und berichtbarer Sinterbedingungen. Sein Zweck besteht darin, die Einheitlichkeit der Beschreibung der Hauptprozessparameter, Bauteilausrichtung des Sinterverfahrens zu unterstützen und auch eine einheitliche Praxis bei der Berichterstattung zu Sinterbedingungen zu etablieren.
Dieses Dokument legt nicht das Prüfverfahren selbst fest.

Fabrication additive de polymères - Principes de qualification - Partie 1: Principes généraux et préparation des éprouvettes pour PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)

Le présent document spécifie les principes généraux à suivre lorsque des éprouvettes en matériaux thermoplastiques sont préparées par fusion laser sur lit de poudre (PBF-LB/P), qui est communément connue comme frittage laser. Le procédé (PBF-LB/P) est utilisé pour préparer des éprouvettes couche après couche, dans lesquelles l’énergie thermique fait fondre de manière sélective des zones d’un lit de poudre. Le présent document fournit une base pour établir des conditions de frittage reproductibles et consignables dans un rapport. Son but est de favoriser l’uniformité des descriptions des principaux paramètres du procédé, l’orientation de fabrication du procédé de frittage, et également d’établir une pratique uniforme de consignation des conditions de frittage dans un rapport.
Le présent document ne spécifie pas le mode opératoire d’essai proprement dit.

Aditivna proizvodnja polimerov - Kvalifikacija - 1. del: Splošna načela in priprava preskusnih vzorcev za lasersko spajanje prahu v postelji (PBF-LB) (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 24-Jan-2023
• ICS: 25.030 - Additive manufacturing
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 438 - Additive Manufacturing
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 438 - Additive Manufacturing
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 25-Jan-2023
• Completion Date: 25-Jan-2023
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023 - Additive manufacturing of polymers - Qualification principles - Part 1: General principles and preparation of test specimens for PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
01-maj-2023

Aditivna proizvodnja polimerov - Kvalifikacija - 1. del: Splošna načela in priprava

preskusnih vzorcev za lasersko spajanje prahu v postelji (PBF-LB) (ISO/ASTM
52936-1:2023)

Additive manufacturing of polymers - Qualification principles - Part 1: General principles

and preparation of test specimens for PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)

Additive Fertigung - Qualifizierungsgrundsätze - Laserbasiertes pulverbettbasiertes

Schmelzen von Polymeren - Teil 1: Allgemeines und Herstellung von Prüfkörpern
(ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)

Fabrication additive de polymères - Principes de qualification - Partie 1: Principes

généraux et préparation des éprouvettes pour PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
ICS:
25.030 3D-tiskanje Additive manufacturing
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
January 2023
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.030
English Version
Additive manufacturing of polymers - Qualification
principles - Part 1: General principles and preparation of
test specimens for PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)

Fabrication additive de polymères - Principes de Additive Fertigung - Qualifizierungsgrundsätze -

qualification - Partie 1: Principes généraux et Laserbasiertes pulverbettbasiertes Schmelzen von

préparation des éprouvettes pour PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM Polymeren - Teil 1: Allgemeines und Herstellung von

52936-1:2023) Prüfkörpern (ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 January 2023.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this

European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references

concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN

member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by

translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management

Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,

Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,

Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and

United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels

© 2023 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023 E

worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023 (E)
Contents Page

European foreword ....................................................................................................................................................... 3

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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023 (E)
European foreword

This document (EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261

"Additive manufacturing" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 438 “Additive

Manufacturing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an

identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2023, and conflicting national standards shall be

withdrawn at the latest by July 2023.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards

body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.

According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the

following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,

Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,

Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of

North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the

United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice

The text of ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023

without any modification.
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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
INTERNATIONAL ISO/ASTM
STANDARD 52936-1
First edition
2023-01
Additive manufacturing of polymers —
Qualification principles —
Part 1:
General principles and preparation of
test specimens for PBF-LB
Fabrication additive de polymères — Principes de qualification —
Partie 1: Principes généraux et préparation des éprouvettes pour PBF-
Reference number
ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023(E)
© ISO/ASTM International 2023
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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/ASTM International 2023

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on

the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below

or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.

ISO copyright office ASTM International
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Preparation of test specimen ................................................................................................................................................................. 3

4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.2 Dimensions of test specimen ..................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.3 Conditioning and preparation of the material ........................................................................................................... 3

4.4 Test specimens manufacturing ................................................................................................................................................ 3

4.4.1 Machine setting ................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.4.2 Test specimens processing ........................................................................................................................................ 4

4.5 Cleaning, handling and storage of test specimens ................................................................................................. 4

5 Report on test-specimen preparation ........................................................................................................................................... 4

iii
© ISO/ASTM International 2023 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023
ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2023(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to

the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see

www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, and ISO/TC 61/SC 9, in cooperation

with ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a partnership agreement

between ISO and ASTM International with the aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM standards

on Additive Manufacturing, and in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization

(CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 438, Additive manufacturing, in accordance with the Agreement on

technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).

This first edition of ISO/ASTM 52936-1 cancels and replaces ISO 27547-1:2010, which has been

technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:

— new standard number and title to make clear its status as additive manufacturing standard;

— requirements for conditions revised to allow use of state of the art machines;
— Anne
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
01-september-2021
[Not translated]

Additive manufacturing of polymers - Powder bed fusion - Part 1: General principles and

preparation of test specimens for PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021)

Additive Fertigung - Qualifizierungsgrundsätze - Laserbasiertes pulverbettbasiertes

Schmelzen von Polymeren - Teil 1: Allgemeines und Herstellung von Prüfkörpern
(ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021)

Fabrication additive de polymères - Fusion sur lit de poudre - Partie 1: Principes

généraux et préparation des éprouvettes pour PBF-LB (ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1
ICS:
25.030 3D-tiskanje Additive manufacturing
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
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oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1
ISO/TC 261 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2021-08-13 2021-11-05
Additive manufacturing of polymers — Powder bed
fusion —
Part 1:
General principles and preparation of test specimens for
PBF-LB
Fabrication additive de polymères - Fusion sur lit de poudre —
Partie 1: Principes généraux et préparation des éprouvettes pour le PBF laser
ICS: 25.030
Member bodies are requested to consult relevant national interests in ISO/TC
61,ISO/TC 61/SC 9 before casting their ballot to the e-Balloting application.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. ISO 2021
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oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/ASTM International 2021

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may be

reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on

the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below

or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.

ISO copyright office ASTM International
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA
Phone: [phone] Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail] Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/ASTM International 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

4 Preparation of test specimen .................................................................................................................................................................. 3

4.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.2 Dimensions of test specimen ...................................................................................................................................................... 3

4.3 Conditioning and preparation of the material ............................................................................................................. 3

4.4 Test specimens manufacturing ................................................................................................................................................. 3

4.4.1 Test specimens processing ...................................................................................................................................... 4

4.5 Rinsing, handling and storage of test specimens ...................................................................................................... 4

5 Report on test-specimen preparation ............................................................................................................................................ 4

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6

© ISO/ASTM International 2021 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html.

The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 261, Additive manufacturing, in cooperation

with ASTM Committee F42, Additive Manufacturing Technologies, on the basis of a partnership

agreement between ISO and ASTM International with the aim to create a common set of ISO/ASTM

standards on Additive Manufacturing.

This first edition of ISO/ASTM 52936-1 cancels and replaces ISO 27547-1, which has been technically

revised.
The main changes compared to ISO 27547-1 are as follows:

— New standard number and title to make clear its status as additive manufacturing standard;

— Requirements for conditions revised to allow use of state of the art machines;

— Informative Annex B deleted because this procedure is not state of the art anymore.

iv © ISO/ASTM International 2021 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021(E)
Introduction

Many factors in an additive manufacturing test specimen-preparation process can influence the

properties of the test specimens prepared and hence the measured values obtained when the test

specimens are used in a test method. The mechanical properties of such test specimens are in fact

strongly dependent on the conditions of the process used to prepare the test specimens. Exact definition

of each of the main parameters of the process is a basic requirement for reproducible operating

conditions.

It is important in defining test specimen-preparation conditions to consider any influence the conditions

could have on the properties to be determined. Test specimens prepared by additive manufacturing

techniques can show differences in molecular morphology (as with crystalline and semicrystalline

polymers), differences in powder morphology (after undergoing a sintering process, for instance),

differences in thermal history and differences in thickness of the layers, test specimen orientation or

test specimen location, used to prepare the specimen. Only if each of these is controlled can differences

in the values of the properties measured be avoided.

This international Standard has been developed by ISO/TC 261, ISO/TC 61/SC 9 and ASTM F42 in close

cooperation on the basis of a partnership between ISO and ASTM international with the aim to create a

common set of ISO/ASTM standards on Additive Manufacturing.
© ISO/ASTM International 2021 – All rights reserved v
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oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
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oSIST prEN ISO/ASTM 52936-1:2021
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/ASTM DIS 52936-1:2021(E)
Additive manufacturing of polymers — Powder bed
fusion —
Part 1:
General principles and preparation of test specimens for
PBF-LB
1 Scope

This document specifies the general principles to be followed when test specimens of thermoplastic

materials are prepared by laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-
...