EN ISO 20785-2:2017
(Main)Dosimetry for exposures to cosmic radiation in civilian aircraft - Part 2: Characterization of instrument response (ISO 20785-2:2011)
Dosimetry for exposures to cosmic radiation in civilian aircraft - Part 2: Characterization of instrument response (ISO 20785-2:2011)
ISO 20785-1:2011 specifies methods and procedures for characterizing the responses of devices used for the determination of ambient dose equivalent for the evaluation of exposure to cosmic radiation in civilian aircraft. The methods and procedures are intended to be understood as minimum requirements.
Dosimétrie de l'exposition au rayonnement cosmique dans l'aviation civile - Partie 2: Caractérisation de la réponse des instruments (ISO 20785-2:2011)
La présente partie de l'ISO 20785 spécifie les méthodes et les modes opératoires permettant de caractériser les réponses des dispositifs utilisés pour déterminer l'équivalent de dose ambiant en vue de l'évaluation de l'exposition au rayonnement cosmique à bord d'un avion civil. Les méthodes et les modes opératoires doivent être considérés comme des exigences minimales.
Dozimetrija za merjenje izpostavljenosti kozmičnemu sevanju v civilnem letalskem prometu - 2. del: Karakterizacija odziva instrumenta (ISO 20785-2:2011)
Standard ISO 20785-1:2011 določa metode in postopke za karakterizacijo odzivov naprav, ki se uporabljajo za določanje okoljskega ekvivalentnega odmerka za ocenjevanje izpostavljenosti kozmičnemu sevanju v civilnem letalskem prometu. Metode in postopke je treba obravnavati kot minimalne zahteve.
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2017
'R]LPHWULMD]DPHUMHQMHL]SRVWDYOMHQRVWLNR]PLþQHPXVHYDQMXYFLYLOQHPOHWDOVNHP
SURPHWXGHO .DUDNWHUL]DFLMDRG]LYDLQVWUXPHQWD ,62
Dosimetry for exposures to cosmic radiation in civilian aircraft - Part 2: Characterization
of instrument response (ISO 20785-2:2011)
Dosimétrie de l'exposition au rayonnement cosmique dans l'aviation civile - Partie 2:
Caractérisation de la réponse des instruments (ISO 20785-2:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 20785-2:2017
ICS:
17.240 Merjenje sevanja Radiation measurements
49.020 Letala in vesoljska vozila na Aircraft and space vehicles in
splošno general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 20785-2
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 49.020; 13.280
English Version
Dosimetry for exposures to cosmic radiation in civilian
aircraft - Part 2: Characterization of instrument response
(ISO 20785-2:2011)
Dosimétrie de l'exposition au rayonnement cosmique
dans l'aviation civile - Partie 2: Caractérisation de la
réponse des instruments (ISO 20785-2:2011)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 20785-2:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
The text of ISO 20785-2:2011 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85 “Nuclear energy,
nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” of the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 20785-2:2017 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 430 “Nuclear
energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 20785-2:2011 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 20785-2:2017 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20785-2
First edition
2011-06-01
Dosimetry for exposures to cosmic
radiation in civilian aircraft —
Part 2:
Characterization of instrument response
Dosimétrie de l'exposition au rayonnement cosmique dans l'aviation
civile —
Partie 2: Caractérisation de la réponse des instruments
Reference number
ISO 20785-2:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011
ISO 20785-2:2011(E)
© ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
ISO 20785-2:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
3.1 General terms .2
3.2 Terms related to quantities and units .7
3.3 Terms related to the atmospheric radiation field.11
4 General considerations.12
4.1 The cosmic radiation field in the atmosphere.12
4.2 General considerations for the dosimetry of the cosmic radiation field in aircraft and
requirements for the characterization of instrument response .14
4.3 General considerations for measurements at aviation altitudes .15
5 Calibration fields and procedures .16
5.1 General considerations.16
5.2 Characterization of an instrument .18
5.3 Instrument-related software .21
6 Uncertainties.22
7 Remarks on performance tests.22
Annex A (informative) Representative particle fluence energy distributions for the cosmic
radiation field at flight altitudes for solar minimum and maximum conditions and for
minimum and maximum vertical cut-off rigidity .23
Annex B (informative) Radiation fields recommended for use in calibrations.25
Annex C (informative) Comparison measurements .29
Annex D (informative) Charged-particle irradiation facilities.31
Bibliography.32
ISO 20785-2:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 20785-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and
radiological protection, Subcommittee SC 2, Radiological protection.
ISO 20785 consists of the following parts, under the general title Dosimetry for exposures to cosmic radiation
in civilian aircraft:
⎯ Part 1: Conceptual basis for measurements
⎯ Part 2: Characterization of instrument response
A Part 3 dealing with measurements at aviation altitudes is in preparation.
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved
ISO 20785-2:2011(E)
Introduction
Aircraft crews are exposed to elevated levels of cosmic radiation of galactic and solar origin and secondary
radiation produced in the atmosphere, the aircraft structure and its contents. Following recommendations of
[1] [2]
the International Commission on Radiological Protection in Publication 60 , confirmed by Publication 103 ,
[3]
the European Union (EU) introduced a revised Basic Safety Standards Directive which included exposure to
natural sources of ionizing radiation, including cosmic radiation, as occupational exposure. The Directive
requires account to be taken of the exposure of aircraft crew liable to receive more than 1 mSv per year. It
then identifies the following four protection measures: (i) to assess the exposure of the crew concerned; (ii) to
take into account the assessed exposure when organizing working schedules with a view to reducing the
doses of highly exposed crew; (iii) to inform the workers concerned of the health risks their work involves; and
(iv) to apply the same special protection during pregnancy to female crew in respect of the “child to be born”
as to other female workers. The EU Council Directive has already been incorporated into laws and regulations
of EU member states and is being included in the aviation safety standards and procedures of the Joint
Aviation Authorities and the European Air Safety Agency. Other countries, such as Canada and Japan, have
issued advisories to their airline industries to manage aircraft crew exposure.
For regulatory and legislative purposes, the radiation protection quantities of interest are equivalent dose (to
the foetus) and effective dose. The cosmic radiation exposure of the body is essentially uniform, and the
maternal abdomen provides no effective shielding to the foetus. As a result, the magnitude of equivalent dose
to the foetus can be put equal to that of the effective dose received by the mother. Doses on board aircraft are
generally predictable, and events comparable to unplanned exposure in other radiological workplaces cannot
normally occur (with the rare exceptions of extremely intense and energetic solar particle events). Personal
dosemeters for routine use are not considered necessary. The preferred approach for the assessment of
doses of aircraft crew, where necessary, is to calculate directly the effective dose per unit time, as a function
of geographic location, altitude and solar cycle phase, and to combine these values with flight and staff roster
information to obtain estimates of effective doses for individuals. This approach is supported by guidance from
[4]
the European Commission and the ICRP in Publication 75 .
The role of calculations in this procedure is unique in routine radiation protection, and it is widely accepted that
[5]
the calculated doses should be validated by measurement . Effective dose is not directly measurable. The
operational quantity of interest is the ambient dose equivalent, H*(10). In order to validate the assessed doses
obtained in terms of effective dose, calculations can be made of ambient dose equivalent rates or route doses
in term
...
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