prEN ISO 17294-2

Water quality - Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) - Part 2: Determination of selected elements including uranium isotopes (ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022)

Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anwendung der induktiv gekoppelten Plasma-Massenspektrometrie (ICP-MS) - Teil 2: Bestimmung von ausgewählten Elementen einschließlich Uran-Isotope (ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022)

WARNUNG — Anwender dieses Dokumentes sollten mit der üblichen Laborpraxis vertraut sein. Dieses Dokument gibt nicht vor, alle unter Umständen mit der Anwendung des Verfahrens verbundenen Sicherheitsaspekte anzusprechen. Es liegt in der Verantwortung des Arbeitgebers, angemessene Sicherheits- und Schutzmaßnahmen zu treffen.
WICHTIG — Es ist erforderlich, bei den Untersuchungen nach diesem Dokument Fachleute einzuschalten.
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Elemente Aluminium, Antimon, Arsen, Barium, Beryllium, Bismut, Bor, Cadmium, Cäsium, Calcium, Cer, Chrom, Cobalt, Kupfer, Dysprosium, Erbium, Gadolinium, Gallium, Germanium, Gold, Hafnium, Holmium, Indium, Iridium, Eisen, Lanthan, Blei, Lithium, Lutetium, Magnesium, Mangan, Quecksilber, Molybdän, Neodym, Nickel, Palladium, Phosphor, Platin, Kalium, Praseodym, Rubidium, Rhenium, Rhodium, Ruthenium, Samarium, Scandium, Selen, Silber, Natrium, Strontium, Terbium, Tellur, Thorium, Thallium, Thulium, Zinn, Wolfram, Uran und seiner Isotope, Vanadium, Yttrium, Ytterbium, Zink und Zirconium in Wasser (z. B. Trinkwasser, Oberflächenwasser, Grundwasser, Abwasser und Eluate) fest.N1)
Unter Berücksichtigung der spezifischen und zusätzlich auftretenden Interferenzen können diese Elemente auch in Aufschlüssen von Wässern, Schlämmen und Sedimenten (z. B. Aufschlüsse von Wasser, wie in ISO 15587 1 oder ISO 15587 2 beschrieben) bestimmt werden.
Der Arbeitsbereich hängt von der Matrix und den zu erwartenden Interferenzen ab. In Trinkwasser und relativ unbelastetem Wasser beträgt die Bestimmungsgrenze (LOQ) für die meisten Elemente zwischen 0,002 µg/l und 1,0 µg/l (siehe Tabelle 1). Der Arbeitsbereich umfasst üblicherweise Konzentrationen zwischen mehreren pg/l und mg/l abhängig vom Element und den festgelegten Anforderungen.
Die Bestimmungsgrenzen der meisten Elemente werden durch erhöhte Blindwerte beeinträchtigt, und diese hängen überwiegend von den verfügbaren Einrichtungen zur Reinhaltung der Laborluft, der Reinheit der Reagenzien und der Sauberkeit der Glasgefäße ab.
Die Bestimmungsgrenze wird höher ausfallen, wenn damit zu rechnen ist, dass bei der Bestimmung Interferenzen (siehe Abschnitt 5) oder Verschleppungseffekte (siehe ISO 17294 1:2004, 8.2) auftreten.
[Tabelle 1 - Bestimmungsgrenze (LOQ) für unbelastetes Wasser]

Qualité de l'eau - Application de la spectrométrie de masse avec plasma à couplage inductif (ICP-MS) - Partie 2: Dosage des éléments sélectionnés y compris les isotopes d'uranium (ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022)

Kakovost vode - Uporaba masne spektrometrije z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo (ICP-MS) - 2. del: Določevanje izbranih elementov, vključno z izotopi urana (ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022)

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2023
• ICS: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 230 - Water analysis
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 230 - Water analysis
• Current Stage: 4599 - Dispatch of FV draft to CMC - Finalization for Vote
• Start Date: 19-Jan-2023
• Completion Date: 19-Jan-2023
• Ref Project: oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022 - Water quality - Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) - Part 2: Determination of selected elements including uranium isotopes (ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022)

Relations

• Revises: EN ISO 17294-2:2016 - Water quality - Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) - Part 2: Determination of selected elements including uranium isotopes (ISO 17294-2:2016)
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
01-april-2022
Kakovost vode - Uporaba masne spektrometrije z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo
(ICP/MS) - 2. del: Določevanje izbranih elementov, vključno z izotopi urana
(ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022)

Water quality - Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) -

Part 2: Determination of selected elements including uranium isotopes (ISO/DIS 17294-

2:2022)
Wasserbeschaffenheit - Anwendung der induktiv gekoppelten Plasma-
Massenspektrometrie (ICP-MS) - Teil 2: Bestimmung von ausgewählten Elementen
einschließlich Uran-Isotope (ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022)

Qualité de l'eau - Application de la spectrométrie de masse avec plasma à couplage

inductif (ICP-MS) - Partie 2: Dosage des éléments sélectionnés y compris les isotopes

d'uranium (ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 17294-2
ICS:
13.060.50 Preiskava vode na kemične Examination of water for
snovi chemical substances
oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022 en,fr,de

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 17294-2
ISO/TC 147/SC 2 Secretariat: DIN
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2022-01-28 2022-04-22
Water quality — Application of inductively coupled plasma
mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) —
Part 2:
Determination of selected elements including uranium
isotopes

Qualité de l'eau — Application de la spectrométrie de masse avec plasma à couplage inductif (ICP-MS) —

Partie 2: Dosage des éléments sélectionnés y compris les isotopes d'uranium
ICS: 13.060.50
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2022

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on

the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below

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© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

3 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

4 Principle ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3

5 Interferences ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 4

5.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4

5.2 Spectral interferences ...................................................................................................................................................................... 4

5.2.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 4

5.2.2 Isobaric elemental ............................................................................................................................................................. 4

5.2.3 Polyatomic interferences ............................................................................................................................................ 6

5.3 Non-spectral interferences .......................................................................................................................................................... 7

6 Reagents ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8

7 Apparatus .................................................................................................................................................................................................................11

8 Sampling ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................12

9 Sample pre-treatment .................................................................................................................................................................................13

9.1 Determination of the mass concentration of dissolved elements without digestion ...........13

9.2 Determination of the total mass concentration after digestion ..............................................................13

10 Procedure .................................................................................................................................................................................................................14

10.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 14

10.2 Calibration of the ICP‑MS system ........................................................................................................................................ 14

10.3 Measurement of the matrix solution for evaluation of the correction factors ........................... 14

10.4 Measurement of the samples ..................................................................................................................................................15

11 Calculation ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................15

12 Test report ...............................................................................................................................................................................................................15

Annex A (normative) Determination of the mass concentration of uranium isotopes ...............................17

Annex B (informative) Description of the matrices of the samples used for the

interlaboratory trial .....................................................................................................................................................................................28

Annex C (informative) Performance data ...................................................................................................................................................30

Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................33

iii
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
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Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to

the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see

www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.

This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 147, Water quality, Subcommittee SC 2,

Physical, chemical and biochemical methods.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 17294‑2:2016), which has been

technically revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:

— with incorporation of mercury in the previous edition, mercury was included as a hydrolysable

element which was not in line with the other existing standards for the determination of mercury;

— the addition of a modifier is calcified in this edition.
A list of all parts in the ISO 17294 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body.

A complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)
Water quality — Application of inductively coupled plasma
mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) —
Part 2:
Determination of selected elements including uranium
isotopes

WARNING — Persons using this document should be familiar with normal laboratory practice.

This document does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its

use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices.

IMPORTANT — It is absolutely essential that tests, conducted in accordance with this document,

be carried out by suitably qualified staff.
1 Scope

This document specifies a method for the determination of the elements aluminium, antimony, arsenic,

barium, beryllium, bismuth, boron, cadmium, caesium, calcium, cerium, chromium, cobalt, copper,

dysprosium, erbium, gadolinium, gallium, germanium, gold, hafnium, holmium, indium, iridium, iron,

lanthanum, lead, lithium, lutetium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, neodymium, nickel,

palladium, phosphorus, platinum, potassium, praseodymium, rubidium, rhenium, rhodium, ruthenium,

samarium, scandium, selenium, silver, sodium, strontium, terbium, tellurium, thorium, thallium,

thulium, tin, tungsten, uranium and its isotopes, vanadium, yttrium, ytterbium, zinc and zirconium in

water (for example, drinking water, surface water, ground water, waste water and eluates.

Taking into account the specific and additionally occurring interferences, these elements can also be

determined in digests of water, sludges and sediments (for example, digests of water as described in

ISO 15587-1 or ISO 15587-2).

The working range depends on the matrix and the interferences encountered. In drinking water and

relatively unpolluted waters, the limit of quantification (LOQ) lies between 0,002 µg/l and 1,0 µg/l for

most elements (see Table 1). The working range typically covers concentrations between several pg/l

and mg/l depending on the element and pre‑defined requirements.

The quantification limits of most elements are affected by blank contamination and depend

predominantly on the laboratory air‑handling facilities available on the purity of reagents and the

cleanliness of glassware.

The lower limit of quantification is higher in cases where the determination suffers from interferences

(see Clause 5) or memory effects (see ISO 17294‑1:2004, 8.2).
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)
Table 1 — Lower limits of quantification (LOQ) for unpolluted water
Element Isotope Limit of Element Isotope Limit of Element Isotope Limit of
often quantificatio- often quantificatio- often quantificatio-
a a a
used n used n used n
µg/l µg/l µg/l
107 178 102
Ag 0,5 Hf Hf 0,1 Ru Ru 0,1
202
Ag Hg 0,05
109 121
Ag 0,5 Hg Sb 0,2
201
Hg 0.1 Sb
27 165 123
Al Al 1 Ho Ho 0,1 Sb 0,2
75 c 115 45
As As 0,1 In In 0,1 Sc Sc 5
197 193 77 c
Au Au 0,5 Ir Ir 0,1 Se 1
10 39 78 c
B 1 K KC 5 Se Se 0,1
11 139 82
B 1 La La 0,1 Se 1
137 6 147
Ba 3 Li 10 Sm Sm 0,1
Ba Li
138 7 118
Ba 0,5 Li 1 Sn 1
9 175 120
Be Be 0,1 Lu Lu 0,1 Sn 1
209 24 86
Bi Bi 0,5 Mg 1 Sr 0,5
Mg Sr
43 25 88
Ca 100 Mg 10 Sr 0,3
44 55 159
Ca Ca 50 Mn Mn 0,1 Tb Tb 0,1
40 95 126
Ca 10 Mo 0,5 Te Te 2
111 98 232
Cd 0,1 Mo 0,3 Th Th 0,1
114 23 203
Cd 0,5 Na Na 10 Tl 0,2
140 146 205
Ce Ce 0,1 Nd Nd 0,1 Tl 0,1
59 58 169
Co Co 0,2 Nic 0,1 Tm Tm 0,1
52 c 60 238
Cr 0,1 Nic 0,1 U 0,1
53 31 235
Cr 5 P P 5 U U 10-4
133 206 b 234
Cs Cs 0,1 Pb 0,2 U 10-5
63 207 b 51 c
Cu 0,1 Pb Pb 0,2 V V 0,1
65 208 b 182
Cu 0,1 Pb 0,1 W 0,3
163 108 184
Dy Dy 0,1 Pd Pd 0,5 W 0,3
166 141 89
Er Er 0,1 Pr Pr 0,1 Y Y 0,1
56 c 195 172
Fe Fe 5 Pt Pt 0,5 Yb 0,2
69 85 174
Ga 0,3 Rb Rb 0,1 Yb 0,2
71 185 64
Ga 0,3 Re 0,1 Zn 1
157 187 66
Gd 0,1 Re 0,1 Zn Zn 1
158 103 68
Gd 0,1 Rh Rh 0,1 Zn 1
74 101 90
Ge Ge 0,3 Ru Ru 0,2 Zr Zr 0,2
Depending on the instrumentation, significantly lower limits can be achieved.
b 206 207 208
Lead (Pb) is reported as the sum of the signal intensities of Pb, Pb and Pb.
These limits are achieved by the use of a collision/reaction cell.
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)
2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are

indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated

references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods

ISO 5667-1, Water quality — Sampling — Part 1: Guidance on the design of sampling programmes and

sampling techniques

ISO 5667-3, Water quality — Sampling — Part 3: Preservation and handling of water samples

ISO 8466-1, Water quality — Calibration and evaluation of analytical methods — Part 1: Linear calibration

function

ISO 15587-1, Water quality — Digestion for the determination of selected elements in water — Part 1:

Aqua regia digestion

ISO 15587-2, Water quality — Digestion for the determination of selected elements in water — Part 2:

Nitric acid digestion

ISO 17294-1:2004, Water quality — Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-

MS) — Part 1: General guidelines
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 17294‑1 and in Annex A.2

apply.

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org ./ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle

When applying this document, it is necessary in each case, depending on the range to be tested,

to determine if and to what extent additional conditions are to be established.

Multi‑element determination of selected elements, including uranium isotopes, by inductively coupled

plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‑MS) consists of the following steps:

— introduction of a measuring solution into a radiofrequency plasma (for example, by pneumatic

nebulization) where energy transfer processes from the plasma cause desolvation, decomposition,

atomization and ionization of elements;

— as an additional option, collision and reaction cell technology may be used to overcome several

interferences (see 5.1);

— extraction of the ions from plasma through a differentially pumped vacuum interface with integrated

ion optics and separation on the basis of their mass‑to‑charge ratio by a mass spectrometer (for

instance a quadrupole MS);

— transmission of the ions through the mass separation unit (for instance, a quadrupole) and detection,

usually by a continuous dynode electron multiplier assembly, and ion information processing by a

data handling system;

— quantitative determination after calibration with suitable calibration solutions.

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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)

The relationship between signal intensity and mass concentration is usually a linear one over a broad

range (usually over more than several orders of magnitude).

The method to be used for determination of uranium isotopes is described in Annex A. With instruments

equipped with a magnetic sector field, higher mass resolution spectra can be obtained. This can help to

separate isotopes of interest from interfering species.
5 Interferences
5.1 General

In certain cases, isobaric and non-isobaric interferences can occur. The most important interferences

in this respect are coinciding masses and physical interferences from the sample matrix. For more

detailed information, see ISO 17294-1.

Common isobaric interferences are given in Table 2 (for additional information, see ISO 17294-1).

It is recommended that different isotopes of an element be determined in order to select an isotope

that does not suffer from interference. If there are none that meet this requirement, a mathematical

correction has to be applied. For the determination of uranium isotopes, the specific procedure detailed

in Annex A has to be followed.

Small drifts or variations in intensities should be corrected by the application of the internal standard

correction. In general, in order to avoid physical and spectral interferences, the mass concentration of

dissolved matter (salt content) should not exceed 2 g/l (corresponding to a conductivity of less than

2 700 µS/cm).

NOTE With the use of collision and reaction cell technology, it is possible to overcome several interferences.

As the various options and parameters of those techniques cannot be described in detail in this document, the

user is responsible for demonstrating that the chosen approach is fit for purpose and achieves the necessary

performance.
5.2 Spectral interferences
5.2.1 General

For more detailed information on spectral interferences, see ISO 17294-1:2004, 6.2.

5.2.2 Isobaric elemental

Isobaric elemental interferences are caused by isotopes of different elements of the same nominal

mass‑to‑charge ratio and which cannot be separated due to an insufficient resolution of the mass

114 114
spectrometer in use (for example, Cd and Sn).

Element interferences from isobars may be corrected for taking into account the influence from the

interfering element (see Table 3). In this case, the isotopes used for correction shall be determinable

without any interference and with sufficient precision. Possible proposals for correction are often

included in the instrument software.
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
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Table 2 — Important isobaric and polyatomic interferences
Inter-element interferences caused by Interferences caused by polyatomic
Element Isotope
isobars and doubly charged ions ions
107
Ag ZrO
Ag —
109
Ag NbO, ZrOH
As As — ArCl, CaCl
197
Au Au — TaO
B — BH
138 + +
Ba Ba La , Ce —
9 18
Be Be — O
43 ++
Ca Sr CNO
44 ++
Ca Sr COO
111
Cd — MoO, MoOH, ZrOH
114 +
Cd Sn MoO, MoOH
Co Co — CaO, CaOH, MgCl
Cr — ArO, ArC, ClOH
53 +
Cr Fe ClO, ArOH,
Cu — ArNa, POO, MgCl
Cu — SOOH
151
Eu — BaO
153
Eu — BaO
54 37 16 1 40 14
Fe — Cl O H+ Ar N
56 40 16 40 16
Fe Fe — Ar O+ Ca O+
57 40 16 1 40 16 1 40 17
Fe — Ar O H+ Ca O H+ Ar O+
69 ++
Ga Ga Ba CrO, ArP, ClOO
74 +
Ge Ge Se ArS, ClCl
201 184 17
Hg W O
202 186 16
Hg W O
115 +
In In Sn —
193
Ir Ir — HfO
Mg — CC
Mg — CC
Mn Mn — NaS, ArOH, ArNH
98 +
Mo Mo Ru —
58 +
Ni Fe CaO, CaN, NaCl, MgS
Ni — CaO, CaOH, MgCl, NaCl
108 +
Pd Pd Cd MoO, ZrO
195
Pt Pt — HfO
187 +
Re Re Os —
102
Ru Ru Pd+ —
123
Sb Sb Te+ —
Sc Sc — COO, COOH

NOTE In the presence of elements in high mass concentrations, interferences can be caused by the formation of polyatoms

or doubly charged ions which are not listed above.
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Table 2 (continued)
Inter-element interferences caused by Interferences caused by polyatomic
Element Isotope
isobars and doubly charged ions ions
Se — CaCl, ArCl, ArArH
78 +
Se Se Kr ArAr, CaCl
82 +
Se Kr HBr
120 +
Sn Sn Te —
V V — ClO, SOH, ClN, ArNH
184 +
W W Os —
64 +
Zn Ni AlCl, SS, SOO, CaO
66 ++
Zn Zn Ba PCl, SS, FeC, SOO
68 ++ ++
Zn Ba , Ce FeN, PCl, ArS, FeC, SS, ArNN, SOO

NOTE In the presence of elements in high mass concentrations, interferences can be caused by the formation of polyatoms

or doubly charged ions which are not listed above.

Table 3 — Examples for suitable isotopes with their relative atomic masses and formulae for

correction
Element Recommended isotope and inter-element correction
75 77 82
As As −3,127 ( Se – 0,815 Se) or
75 77 78
As −3,127 ( Se + 0,322 0 Se)
138 139 140
Ba Ba −0,000 900 8 La – 0,002 825 Ce
114 118
Cd Cd −0,026 84 Sn
74 82
Ge Ge −0,138 5 Se
115 118
In In −0,014 86 Sn
98 101
Mo Mo −0,110 6 Ru
58 54
Ni Ni −0,048 25 Fe
208 207 206
Pb Pb + Pb + Pb
82 83
Se Se −1,009 Kr
120 125
Sn Sn −0,013 44 Te
51 51 53 52
V V V −3,127 ( Cr −0,113 4 Cr)
184 189
W W −0,001 242 Os

NOTE When using collision or reaction cell technology some of these interferences can be

overcome.
5.2.3 Polyatomic interferences

Polyatomic ions are formed by coincidence of plasma gas components, reagents and sample matrix

75 40 35 40 35

(for example, interference of the relative mass As by Ar Cl and Ca Cl). Examples for correction

formulae are given in Table 3 and information on the magnitude of interferences are stated in Table 4.

This interference is of particular relevance for several elements (for example, As, Cr, Se, V).

It is recommended that the analyst checks the magnitude of this interference regularly for the particular

instrument.

In the case of mathematical corrections, it shall be taken into account that the magnitude of

interference depends both on the plasma adjustment (for example, oxide formation rate) and on the

mass concentration of the interfering element, which will usually be a variable component of the sample

solution.
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5.3 Non-spectral interferences

For detailed information on non-spectral interferences, see ISO 17294-1:2004, 6.3.

Table 4 — Important interferences by solutions of
Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, S, P (ρ = 100 mg/l) and Ba (ρ = 1 000 µg/l)
Simulated mass concen-
Element Isotope Typ of interference
tration
µg/l
As As 1,0 ArCl
Co Co 0,2 to 0,8 CaO, CaOH
1,0 ClOH
Cr 1,0 ArC
Cr 5,0 ClO
1,0 to 3,0 ArNa
1,0 to 1,6 POO
Cu 2,0 ArMg
Cu 2,0 POO
2,0 SOOH
1,0 to 25 Ba
Ga 0,3 ArP
1,0 ClOO
Ga 0,2 to 0,6 ArP
0,3 ClCl
Ge Ge
0,3 ArS
3,0 KO
Mn Mn 3,0 NaS
3,0 NaS
Ni 2,5 CaO, CaN
Ni 3 to 12 CaO, CaOH
Se Se 10 ArCl
1 to 5 ClO, ClN
V V
1,0 SOH
7 ArMg
3 CaO
8 SS, SOO
1 POOH
2,0 ArMgBa
5 SS, SOO
4 PCl
2 Ba
50 ArS, SS, SOO
4 Ba

Indicates the magnitude of interference without corrective measures. Users should check the interferences and decide

how to reduce or eliminate them (e.g. by use of collision or reaction cell technology).

© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)
6 Reagents

For the determination of elements at trace and ultra trace level, the reagents shall be of adequate purity.

The concentration of the analyte or interfering substances in the reagents and the water should be

negligible compared to the lowest concentration to be determined.

For preservation and digestion, nitric acid should be used to minimize interferences by polyatoms.

For uranium isotopes concentration determination, see Annex A.

6.1 Water, grade 1 as specified in ISO 3696, for all sample preparation and dilutions.

6.2 Nitric acid, ρ(HNO ) = 1,4 g/ml.

NOTE Nitric acid is available both as ρ(HNO ) = 1,40 g/ml [w(HNO ) = 650 g/kg] and ρ(HNO ) = 1,42 g/ml

3 3 3

[w(HNO ) = 690 g/kg]. Both are suitable for use in this method provided that there is minimal content of the

analytes of interest.
6.3 Hydrochloric acid, ρ(HCl) = 1,16 g/ml.
6.4 Hydrochloric acid, c(HCl) = 0,2 mol/l.
6.5 Sulfuric acid, ρ(H SO ) = 1,84 g/ml.
2 4
6.6 Hydrogen peroxide, w(H O ) = 30 %.
2 2
NOTE Hydrogen peroxide is often stabilized with phosphoric acid.

6.7 Element stock solutions, ρ = 1 000 mg/l each of Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs,

Cu, Dy, Er, Eu, Fe, Ga, Gd, Ge, Hf, Hg, Ho, In, Ir, K, La, Li, Lu, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nd, Ni, P, Pb, Pd, Pr, Pt, Rb, Re,

Rh, Ru, Sb, Sc, Se, Sm, Sn, Sr, Tb, Te, Th, Tl, Tm, U, V, W, Y, Yb, Zn and Zr.

Both single‑element stock solutions and multi‑element stock solutions with adequate specification

stating the acid used and the preparation technique are commercially available. Element stock solutions

with different concentrations of the analytes (for example, 2 000 mg/l or 10 000 mg/l) are also allowed.

These solutions are considered to be stable for more than one year, but in reference to guaranteed

stability, the recommendations of the manufacturer should be considered.
− 3− 2−
6.8 Anion stock solutions, ρ = 1 000 mg/l each of Cl , PO , SO .
4 4

Prepare these solutions from the respective acids. The solutions are also commercially available. Anion

stock solutions with different concentrations of the analytes (for example, 100 mg/l) are also allowed.

These solutions are considered to be stable for more than one year, but in reference to guaranteed

stability, the recommendations of the manufacturer should be considered.
6.9 Multi-element standard solutions.

Depending on the scope, different multi‑element standard solutions can be necessary. In general, when

combining multi‑element standard solutions, their chemical compatibility and the possible hydrolysis

of the components shall be regarded. Care shall be taken to prevent chemical reactions (for example,

precipitation).

The examples given below also consider the different sensitivities of various mass spectrometers.

The multi-element standard solutions are considered to be stable for several months, if stored in the

dark.
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
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oSIST prEN ISO 17294-2:2022
ISO/DIS 17294-2:2022(E)
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