EN ISO 3451-1:2019

Plastics - Determination of ash - Part 1: General methods (ISO 3451-1:2019)

This document specifies general methods, with suitable test conditions, for the determination of the ash of a range of plastics. The particular conditions chosen can be included in the specifications for the plastic material in question.
Particular conditions applicable to poly(alkylene terephthalate) materials, unplasticized cellulose acetate, polyamides and poly(vinyl chloride) plastics, including some specific filled, glass-fibre-reinforced and flame-retarded materials, are specified in ISO 3451-2, ISO 3451-3, ISO 3451-4 and ISO 3451-5.

Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Asche - Teil 1: Allgemeine Verfahren (ISO 3451-1:2019)

Plastiques - Détermination du taux de cendres - Partie 1: Méthodes générales (ISO 3451-1:2019)

Le présent document spécifie des méthodes générales et les conditions d'essai appropriées correspondantes qui permettent de déterminer le taux de cendres d'une gamme de plastiques. Les conditions particulières choisies peuvent figurer dans les spécifications relatives au matériau plastique considéré.
Les conditions particulières applicables aux matières poly(téréphtalates d'alkylène), à l'acétate de cellulose non plastifié, aux polyamides et au poly(chlorures de vinyle), y compris certaines matières contenant des charges spécifiques, renforcées de fibres de verre et ignifugées, sont spécifiées dans l'ISO 3451‑2, l'ISO 3451‑3, l'ISO 3451‑4 et l'ISO 3451‑5.

Polimerni materiali - Določevanje pepela - 1. del: Splošne metode (ISO 3451-1:2019)

Ta dokument določa splošne metode, s primernimi preskusnimi pogoji, za določevanje
pepela v polimernih materialih. Izbrani pogoji se lahko vključijo v specifikacije za uporabljeni polimerni material.
Posebni pogoji, ki se uporabljajo za materiale na osnovi poli(alkilentereftalata), za nemehčani celulozni acetat, poliamide in za materiale na osnovi mehčanega polivinilklorida, vključno z nekaterimi specifičnimi polnjenimi materiali, ojačenimi s steklenimi vlakni in z ognjeodpornimi materiali, so določeni v standardih ISO 3451-2, ISO 3451-3, ISO 3451-4 in ISO 3451-5.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 05-Mar-2019
• Withdrawal Date: 29-Sep-2019
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 249 - Plastics
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 06-Mar-2019
• Completion Date: 06-Mar-2019
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO 3451-1:2019 - Plastics - Determination of ash - Part 1: General methods (ISO 3451-1:2019)

Relations

• Replaces: EN ISO 3451-1:2008 - Plastics - Determination of ash - Part 1: General methods (ISO 3451-1:2008)
• Effective Date: 13-Mar-2019

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2019
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 3451-1:2008
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL'RORþHYDQMHSHSHODGHO6SORãQHPHWRGH,62

Plastics - Determination of ash - Part 1: General methods (ISO 3451-1:2019)
Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Asche - Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundlagen (ISO 3451-1:2019)
Plastiques - Détermination du taux de cendres - Partie 1: Méthodes générales (ISO 3451
-1:2019)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 3451-1:2019
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 3451-1
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2019
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 83.080.01 Supersedes EN ISO 3451-1:2008
English Version
Plastics - Determination of ash - Part 1: General methods
(ISO 3451-1:2019)
Plastiques - Détermination du taux de cendres - Partie Kunststoffe - Bestimmung der Asche - Teil 1:
1: Méthodes générales (ISO 3451-1:2019) Allgemeine Verfahren (ISO 3451-1:2019)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 February 2019.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2019 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 3451-1:2019 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 3451-1:2019) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics"
in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by
NBN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2019, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 3451-1:2008.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 3451-1:2019 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 3451-1:2019 without any
modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 3451-1
Fifth edition
2019-02
Plastics — Determination of ash —
Part 1:
General methods
Plastiques — Détermination du taux de cendres —
Partie 1: Méthodes générales
Reference number
ISO 3451-1:2019(E)
©
ISO 2019
ISO 3451-1:2019(E)
© ISO 2019
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

ISO 3451-1:2019(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 1
5 Reagents (for methods B and C only) . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Procedure. 3
7.1 Test portion . 3
7.2 Test conditions . 4
7.3 Method A — Direct calcination . 5
7.4 Method B — Calcination following sulfuric acid treatment after burning . 5
7.5 Method C — Calcination following sulfuric acid treatment before burning . 6
7.6 Method D —Automated instrument method . 6
8 Number of tests . 7
9 Expression of results . 7
10 Precision . 7
11 Test report . 8
Bibliography . 9
ISO 3451-1:2019(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see www .iso
.org/iso/foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-
chemical properties.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/members .html.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 3451-1:2008), which has been technically
revised by adding an automated instrument method (Method D).
A list of all parts in the ISO 3451 series can be found on the ISO website.
iv © ISO 2019 – All rights reserved

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3451-1:2019(E)
Plastics — Determination of ash —
Part 1:
General methods
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS — Persons using this document should be familiar with normal laboratory
practice, if applicable. This document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if
any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety
and health practices.
1 Scope
This document specifies general methods, with suitable test conditions, for the determination of the
ash of a range of plastics. The particular conditions chosen can be included in the specifications for the
plastic material in question.
Particular conditions applicable to poly(alkylene terephthalate) materials, unplasticized cellulose
acetate, polyamides and poly(vinyl chloride) plastics, including some specific filled, glass-fibre-
reinforced and flame-retarded materials, are specified in ISO 3451-2, ISO 3451-3, ISO 3451-4 and
ISO 3451-5.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 472, Plastics — Vocabulary
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https: //www .iso .org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http: //www .electropedia .org/
4 Principle
It is possible to determine the ash of an organic material by four main methods (methods A, B, C and D).
a) Direct calcination, i.e. by burning the organic matter and heating the residue at high temperature
until constant mass is reached, which may be carried out by two different procedures:
— burning with, for example, a Bunsen burner and one or more calcining steps in a muffle furnace
(method A);
— burning and calcining as one single step in a muffle furnace (method A — rapid ashing), if it can
be demonstrated that the rapid ashing yields the same results as method A.
ISO 3451-1:2019(E)
b) Calcination after sulfation, which may be carried out by two different procedures:
— with sulfuric a
...