EN 60244-13:1993
(Main)Methods of measurement for radio transmitters - Part 13: Performance characteristics for FM sound broadcasting
Methods of measurement for radio transmitters - Part 13: Performance characteristics for FM sound broadcasting
Intended to be used for type tests and acceptance or factory tests.
Meßverfahren für Funksendder - Teil 13: Übertragungseigenschaften für FM-Tonrundfunk
Méthodes de mesure applicables aux émetteurs radioélectriques - Partie 13: Qualités de fonctionnement des émetteurs de radiodiffusion sonore à modulation de fréquence
Destinées à réaliser les essais de type ainsi que les essais de réception et les essais en usine.
Methods of measurement for radio transmitters - Part 13: Performance characteristics for FM sound broadcasting (IEC 60244-13:1991)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-1999
Methods of measurement for radio transmitters - Part 13: Performance
characteristics for FM sound broadcasting (IEC 60244-13:1991)
Methods of measurement for radio transmitters -- Part 13: Performance characteristics
for FM sound broadcasting
Meßverfahren für Funksendder -- Teil 13: Übertragungseigenschaften für FM-
Tonrundfunk
Méthodes de mesure applicables aux émetteurs radioélectriques -- Partie 13: Qualités
de fonctionnement des émetteurs de radiodiffusion sonore à modulation de fréquence
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60244-13:1993
ICS:
33.060.20 Sprejemna in oddajna Receiving and transmitting
oprema equipment
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
244-13
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1991-04
Méthodes de mesure applicables aux émetteurs
radioélectriques
Partie 13:
Qualités de fonctionnement des émetteurs de
radiodiffusion sonore à modulation de fréquence
Methods of measurement for radio
transmitters
Part 13:
Performance characteristics for
FM sound broadcasting
© CEI 1991
Droits de reproduction réservés — Copy
right - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les including photocopying and mi crofilm, without permission
microfilms, sans raccord écrit de l'éditeur. in writing from the publisher
Bureau central de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 3, rue de Varembé Genève Suisse
Téléfax: +41 22 919 0300 e-mail: inmaiI t iec.ch IEC web site http://www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
U
International Electrotechnical Commission PRICE CODE
IEC
MerktppiaponHas 3nei rporexHNVecnaa
Komuccun
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
•
For price, see current catalogue
244-13©IEC - 3 -
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD
INTRODUCTION 7
Clause
1 Scope 9
2 Normative references 9
3 General terms and definitions 11
4 General conditions of operation 13
5 General conditions of measurement 13
6 General characteristics 15
7 Transmission perf
ormance characteristics 15
8 Unwanted modulation 29
9 Out-of-band emission (Occasional measurement) 37
10 Assessment for transmitter equipped with limiters (Under consideration) 41
11 Special measurement for supplementary signals (Under consideration) 41
Measuring arrangement I
Measuring arrangement II
Annexes (normative)
A CCIR Recommendation 468-4 45
B Extract from CCIR Recommendation 559 59
244-13©IEC - 5 -
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
METHODS OF MEASUREMENT FOR RADIO TRANSMITTERS
Part 13: Performance characteristics for
FM sound broadcasting
FOREWORD
1) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters, prepared by Technical Committees on
which all the National Committees having a special interest therein are represented, express, as nearly as
possible, an international consensus of opinion on the subjects dealt with.
2) They have the form of recommendations for international use and they are accepted by the National
Committees in that sense.
3) In order to promote international unification, the IEC expresses the wish that all National Committees
should adopt the text of the IEC recommendation for their national rules in so far as national conditions will
permit. Any divergence between the IEC recommendation and the corresponding national rules should, as
far as possible, be clearly indicated in the latter.
This International Standard has been prepared by Sub-Committee 12C: Transmitting
equipment, of IEC Technical Committee No. 12: Radiocommunications.
The text of this standard is based upon the following documents:
Six Months' Rule Report on Voting
12C(CO) 215 12C(CO) 221
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the Voting
Report indicated in the above table.
This new part therefore incorporates all the recommended measurements for FM sound
broadcasting transmitters in a single publication and supersedes all clauses dealing with
FM broadcasting transmitters in the following existing publications:
IEC 244-2, 1969
IEC 244-2A, 1969
IEC 244-2B, 1969
iEC 244-3, 1972
IEC 244-3A, 1971
IEC 244-3B, 1972
IEC 244-4, 1973
Annexes A and B form an integral part of this part of IEC 244.
244- 13©IEC - 7 -
INTRODUCTION
This International Standard is one of a series of parts of IEC 244.
s of IEC 244 are currently under review and several of these will
A number of existing pa rt
be revised or withdrawn. When this process is complete, this series of publications will
comprise one part dealing with general characteristics, with cross-references to relevant
rts, each
CCIR publications* and the Radio Regulations, and a number of specialized pa
dealing with particular types of transmitter.
In most cases references to CCIR publica tions deliberately omit the revision number: it is assumed that reference will
always be made to the later revision of CCIR publications. An excepti
on is made here for Recommendation 468-4,
whose text is reproduced in full in this publica
tion.
244-13©IEC - 9 -
METHODS OF MEASUREMENT FOR RADIO TRANSMITTERS
Part 13: Performance characteristics for
FM sound broadcasting
1 Scope
This International Standard contains the method of measurement to assess the
performance characteristics of frequency modulated transmitters for sound broadcasting.
To assess all other characteristics, this standard needs to be used in conjunction with the
publications quoted in clause 2.
This standard is intended to be used for type tests and acceptance or factory tests.
It is not mandatory to measure all the described characteristics. Additional measurements
may be carried out as an agreement between customer and manufacturer.
The performance characteristics measured in accordance with this standard makes
possible the comparison of the results of measurements made by different observers.
Limiting values for acceptable pe rformance are not covered by this standard but, in
connection with the presentation of measured characteristics, some data are given for
clarity.
2 Normative references
The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute
provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated
were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and pa
rties to agreements based on this
International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most
recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain regis-
ters of currently valid International Standards.
2.1 !EC publications
215: 1987, Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment.
Amendment No. 1 (1990).
244-1: 1968,
Methods of measurement for radio transmitters - Part 1: General conditions
of measurement, frequency, output power and power consumption (under revision).
Amendment No. 2 (1989) to IEC 244-1A (1968),
Methods of measurement for radio
transmitters - Part 1: General conditions of measurement, frequency, output power and
power consumption - First supplement: Appendices.
244-13 ©IEC - 11 -
244-12-1: 1989, Methods of measurement for radio transmitters - Pa rt 12: Guideline for
drawing up descriptive leaflets for transmitters and transposers for sound and television
broadcasting - Characteristics to be specified.
244-12-2: 1989, Methods of measurement for radio transmitters - Pa rt 12: Guideline for
drawing up descriptive leaflets for transmitters and transposers for sound and television
broadcasting - Specification sheets.
864-1: 1986, Standardization of interconnections between broadcasting transmitters or
transmitter systems and supervisory equipment - Part 1: Interface standards for systems
using dedicated interconnections.
2.2 CCIR publications
Recommendation 450, Transmission standards for FM sound broadcasting at VHF.
Recommendation 468-4: 1990, Measurement of audio-frequency noise voltage level in
sound broadcasting.
Recommendation 559, Objective measurement of radio-frequency protection ratios in LF,
MF and HF broadcasting.
Recommendation 643, System for automatic tuning and other applications in FM radio
receivers for use with the pilot-tone system.
Report 463, Transmission of several sound programmes or other signals with a single
transmitter in frequency-modulation sound broadcasting.
3 General terms and definitions
3.1 Frequency modulated sound transmitter
The term "frequency modulated sound transmitter" is used in this standard to denote
equipment with a FM radio-frequency output and a baseband frequency input which can
accept monophonic, stereophonic and supplementary service multiplexed signals.
3.2
Description of the transmission systems for FM sound broadcasting
The transmission systems for FM sound broadcasting are laid down in CCiR Recom-
mendation 450.
Supplementary services are described in CCIR Repo
rt 463 and CCIR Recom-
mendation 643.
244-13
© IEC - 13 -
3.3 Definitions of performance characteristics
These definitions are given in the clauses describing the method of measurement and are
in line with those given in IEC 244-12-1 and IEC 244-12-2.
4 General conditions of operation
-
The FM sound transmitter shall be tested under normal operating conditions at its
rated output power.
- The mains supply and the environmental conditions shall be stated with the mea-
surement results.
- The FM sound transmitter shall be connected to a test load which has an
impedance expressed in terms of return-loss relative to the nominal load impedance of
the transmitter of not less than 26 dB at frequencies within the FM broadcasting band
and 16 dB at frequencies of any measured unwanted frequency outside this band.
5 General conditions of measurement
5.1
Input and output signal arrangements
-
For the purposes of measurement, the input and output signal arrangements are
shown in the form of diagrams given on pages 42 and 43.
-
The impedance of the test equipment, the test object and all connections between
them shall be accurately matched.
- The performance characteristics shall be measured via a directional coupler.
5.2 Measuring equipment
At the input:
-
The modulating signals for the transmitter under test shall be provided by one or
two baseband low distortion generators covering the frequencies up to 100 kHz.
- For stereophony, a stereo coder shall be used. If the transmitter does not
incorporate a stereo coder, an external test stereo coder shall be used.
- If required auxiliary equipment for generating, supplementary signals will be used
(e.g. RDS coder).
At the output:
-
All measurements concerning the transmission performances shall be carried out at
baseband signals, at the output of a test demodulator.
- For stereophony, the signals at the output of a test stereo decoder shall be
measured.
-
For supplementary signals, a test decoder shall be used (e.g. RDS decoder).
NOTE - Because the results of these measurements are critically dependent on the pe
rformance of the
test equipment, it is necessary to check first the overall pe
rf
ormance of the test equipment in the absence
of the transmitter under test.
- 15 -
244-13 ©IEC
5.3 Modulation and output power conditions
The modulation conditions for each measurement are given in the clauses
-
describing the method of measurement.
The output power is the power of the unmodulated carrier.
All measurements shall be carried out at rated output power.
5.4 Units used
As needed, results may either be given in decibels or as percentages.
6 General characteristics
The method of measurement of the general characteristics of the transmitter such as input
impedance, output power and frequency stability will be described in IEC 244-1 (under
revision).
7 Transmission performance characteristics
Measurement can be performed on baseband signals (at frequencies up to a maximum of
100 kHz) and/or audio-frequency signals (at frequencies up to 15 kHz).
The baseband measurements are made at the multiplex input of the transmitter. The audio
band limiting and pre-emphasis in the transmitter and the de-emphasis in the demodulator
are not in circuit, unless otherwise stated.
The audio-frequency measurements are made at the audio input of the transmitter. The
audio band limiting and pre-emphasis in the transmitter or stereo coder and the
de-emphasis in the demodulator or in the stereo decoder are in circuit, unless otherwise
stated.
7.1 Amplitude/baseband-frequency characteristic
7.1.1 Definition
The amplitude/baseband-frequency characteristic is the variation of the amplitude of the
demodulated signal with frequency for a constant value of the demodulating input signal
voltage, relative to the amplitude at a certain reference frequency.
7.1.2 Measuring arrangement
Measuring arrangement I, page 42, with one signal generator at the input shall be used.
The test demodulator output shall be connected to a spectrum analyser or voltage measu-
ring equipment.
7.1.3 Measurement procedure
- Check that the pre- and de-emphasis filters and band-limiting filters are out of
circuit.
- Adjust the input signal to a specified reference frequency.
244-13©IEC - 17 -
Adjust the input level so that the frequency deviation of the transmitter has a
-
specified value.
- Vary the frequency of the modulating signal either manually or continuously by
sweeping up to 76 kHz (some specifications ask for up to 100 kHz).
- Keep the input level constant.
- Measure the level of the demodulator output signal as a function of the modulation
frequency.
- If required, repeat the proced
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.