EN 61566:1997
(Main)Measurement of exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields - Field strength in the frequency range 100 kHz to 1 GHz
Measurement of exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields - Field strength in the frequency range 100 kHz to 1 GHz
Applies to measurements of electromagnetic fields from operational transmitting equipment to ensure that the transmissions do not constitute a potential hazard to workers or to the general public.
Messung der Belastung durch hochfrequente elektromagnetische Felder - Feldstärke im Frequenzbereich 100 kHz bis 1 GHz
Mesure de l'exposition aux champs électromagnétiques à radiofréquence - Intensité du champ dans la gamme de fréquences entre 100 kHz et 1 GHz
Contient des directives sur la mesure des champs électromagnétiques dus aux équipements d'émission en fonctionnement, destinées à vérifier l'absence de risque potentiel des émissions pour les personnes travaillant sur le site ou pour le grand public.
Measurement of exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields - Field strength in the frequency range 100 kHz to 1 GHz (IEC 61566:1997)
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-januar-1999
Measurement of exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields - Field
strength in the frequency range 100 kHz to 1 GHz (IEC 61566:1997)
Measurement of exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields - Field strength in
the frequency range 100 kHz to 1 GHz
Messung der Belastung durch hochfrequente elektromagnetische Felder - Feldstärke im
Frequenzbereich 100 kHz bis 1 GHz
Mesure de l'exposition aux champs électromagnétiques à radiofréquence - Intensité du
champ dans la gamme de fréquences entre 100 kHz et 1 GHz
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61566:1997
ICS:
17.220.20 0HUMHQMHHOHNWULþQLKLQ Measurement of electrical
PDJQHWQLKYHOLþLQ and magnetic quantities
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
NORME
CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
1997-06
Mesure de l'exposition aux champs
électromagnétiques à radiofréquence –
Intensité du champ dans la gamme
de fréquences entre 100 kHz et 1 GHz
Measurement of exposure to radio-
frequency electromagnetic fields –
Field strength in the frequency range
100 kHz to 1 GHz
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61566 © IEC:1997 – 3 –
CONTENTS
Page
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
Clause
1 Scope. 9
2 Normative reference . 9
3 Definitions . 9
4 General technical requirements . 13
4.1 General considerations. 13
4.2 Measurements in exposure space. 15
4.3 Electromagnetic field strength. 15
4.4 Interference patterns . 15
4.5 Radiation leakage. 17
4.6 Reactive near-field . 17
4.7 Radiating near-field . 17
4.8 Summary of measurement problems. 19
4.9 Safety precautions. 19
5 Measuring instrument requirements . 19
5.1 General . 19
5.2 Electrical performance requirements. 21
5.3 Miscellaneous requirements . 23
5.4 Physical characteristics . 23
5.5 Instrument types. 23
5.6 Diode instruments . 25
5.7 Bolometric type. 27
5.8 Thermocouple type. 27
5.9 Spurious responses. 27
5.10 Calibration of instruments . 31
6 Measurement . 31
6.1 Preliminary procedures. 31
6.2 Measurement procedures . 41
Tables 1 to 4 .37
Figure 1 – Basic components of an electromagnetic field instrument . 45
Annexes
A Summary of the main restrictions given in the INIRC guidelines of 1988
that are relevant to the frequency range covered by this International Standard . 47
B Bibliography. 51
61566 © IEC:1997 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
_________
MEASUREMENT OF EXPOSURE TO RADIOFREQUENCY
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS –
Field strength in the frequency range
100 kHz to 1 GHz
FOREWORD
1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is
entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may
participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two
organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an
international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation
from all interested National Committees.
3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form
of standards, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense.
4) In order to promote international unification, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC International
Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any
divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly
indicated in the latter.
5) The IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards.
6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject
of patent rights. The IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61566 has been prepared by subcommittee 12C: Transmitting
equipment, of IEC technical committee 12: Radiocommunications.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
103/1/FDIS 103/4/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
Annexes A and B are given for information only.
61566 © IEC:1997 – 7 –
INTRODUCTION
Recent publications by national and international authorities responsible for developing safety
limits on exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields show a consensus towards making
specific energy absorption rate (SAR) and induced current in the human body the basic limits.
Since instruments are not yet available to measure SAR directly, and because SAR and
circulating current will vary from person to person, depending on their height and weight, recent
standards specify derived secondary levels for field strength, and/or equivalent plane-wave
power flux density, for worst case conditions of electrical coupling and body size and weight.
However, in some situations, where a wide spatial variation of field strength is present, for
example, when climbing an antenna tower or mast, it may be more appropriate to measure the
contact current through the hands or feet.
Measurements of contact current are not covered by this International Standard.
61566 © IEC:1997 – 9 –
MEASUREMENT OF EXPOSURE TO RADIOFREQUENCY
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS –
Field strength in the frequency range
100 kHz to 1 GHz
1 Scope
This International Standard applies to measurements of electromagnetic fields from operational
transmitting equipment to ensure that the transmissions do not constitute a potential hazard to
workers or to the general public.
The purpose of this standard is to promote a common understanding of technical requirements
and precautions necessary for the accurate measurement of electromagnetic fields carried out
in conjunction with relevant national exposure regulations.
This standard covers transmissions in the frequency range 100 kHz to 1 GHz.
NOTE – Possible extension of this frequency range up to 2 GHz or 3 GHz will be investigated.
This International Standard does not specify limiting values for exposure as these are usually
given in exposure standards issued by responsible health authorities. This standard is,
therefore, intended to be used in conjunction with the relevant national standards or regulations
applicable in the country concerned. In the absence of any national rules restricting exposure
to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, the recommendations of the International Non-
Ionizing Radiation Committee (INIRC) may be followed. The 1988 INIRC recommendations on
exposure limits are summarized in annex A.
2 Normative reference
The following normative document contains provisions which, through reference in this text,
constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication, the edition
indicated was valid. All normative documents are subject to revision, and parties to agreements
based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying
the most recent edition of the normative document indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
IEC 60215: 1987, Safety requirements for radio transmitting equipment
3 Definitions
For the purpose of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.
3.1 dipole, elementary: Dipole of short length compared to wavelength. A mathematical
concept, widely used in theoretical antenna analysis, based on a short element of wire
compared to the wavelength carrying an oscillatory current.
3.2 exposure: Occurs where a person is subjected to electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic
fields or to contact currents other than those originating from physiological processes in the
body and other natural phenomena.
61566 © IEC:1997 – 11 –
3.3 exposure, partial – body: Occurs where RF fields are substantially non-uniform over the
body. Fields which are non-uniform over volumes comparable to the human body may occur
due to highly directional sources, standing waves, re-radiating sources, RF hot-spots, or in the
near-field.
3.4 exposure standard: Regulations, recommendations or a standard dealing with limits of
permissible exposure, published by a responsible authority.
3.5 far-field region: That region of the field of an antenna where the angular field distribution
is essentially independent of the distance from the antenna. In this region, the field has
predominately a plane-wave character, i.e. with locally uniform distributions of electric field
strength and of magnetic field strength in planes transverse to the direction of propagation.
NOTES
1 If the antenna has a maximum overall dimension D which is large compared to the wavelength, the far-field
region is commonly taken to exist at distances greater than 2D /λ from the antenna, λ being the wavelength.
This is the Rayleigh distance corresponding to a path difference of λ/16.
2 The far-field region is sometimes referred to as the Fraunhofer region.
3.6 near-field region: That region generally in proximity to an antenna, or other radiating
structure, where the angular field distribution is dependent upon the distance from the antenna.
In this region, the electric and magnetic fields do not have a plane-wave character. The
near-field region is further subdivided into the reactive near-field region, which is closest to the
radiating structure and which contains most or nearly all of the stored energy, and the radiating
near-field region where the radiation field predominates over the reactive field but lacks
substantial plane-wave character and is complicated in structure.
NOTES
1 For most antennas, the outer boundary of the reactive near-field region is commonly taken to exist at a
distance of one-half wavelength from the antenna surface.
2 The radiating near-field region is sometimes referred to as the Fresnel region.
3.7 non-ionizing radiation: Any electromagnetic radiation incapable of dissociating electrons
from atoms or molecules to produce ions or ionized molecules directly or indirectly. RF waves
...
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